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Chapter 29: Structure and functions of respiratory system

Total questions: 36

Worksheet time: 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are conducting airways?

a)
Conducting airways are responsible for oxygen absorption.
b)
Conducting airways are the sites of gas exchange in the lungs.
c)
Conducting airways are the blood vessels that supply the lungs.
d)

Conducting airways are made of nasal passages, mouth, pharanyx, laranyx, trachea, and bronchi/bronchioles.

2.

What is the mucociliary blanket?

a)
The mucociliary blanket is a protective layer in the respiratory tract made of mucus and cilia that traps and removes particles and pathogens.
b)
A network of blood vessels in the throat
c)
A type of medication for respiratory diseases
d)
A layer of skin that protects the lungs
3.

What does the mucociliary blanket entrap?

a)
Nutrients and vitamins.
b)
Exhaled air and moisture.
c)
Carbon dioxide and oxygen.
d)

Dust, bacteria, and other foreign materials.

4.

What is the larynx?

a)
The larynx is the voice box located in the neck that facilitates sound production and protects the airway.
b)
A muscle that helps in swallowing food.
c)
An organ responsible for breathing only.
d)
A part of the ear that detects sound vibrations.
5.

What are the vestibular folds?

a)
The vestibular folds are responsible for taste sensation.
b)
The vestibular folds are located in the nasal cavity.
c)

The vestibular folds are protective.

d)
The vestibular folds are part of the respiratory system.
6.

What are vocal folds?

a)
Vocal folds are the skin layers that protect the lungs from infection.
b)
Vocal folds are the nerves that control the pitch of the voice.
c)
Vocal folds are the bones in the throat that help with swallowing.
d)
Vocal folds are the muscle bands in the larynx that vibrate to produce sound.
7.

What is the epiglottis?

a)
The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
b)
A type of vocal cord.
c)
A gland that produces saliva.
d)
A muscle that helps in breathing.
8.

What is ventilation?

a)
Ventilation is the method of sealing a room to prevent air exchange.
b)
Ventilation is the process of exchanging or replacing air in a space.
c)
Ventilation refers to the installation of windows in a building.
d)
Ventilation is the process of heating air in a space.
9.

What is lung compliance?

a)
Lung compliance is a measure of the lung's ability to stretch and expand.
b)
Lung compliance measures the strength of the lung muscles.
c)
Lung compliance is the rate of oxygen exchange in the lungs.
d)
Lung compliance refers to the amount of air in the lungs.
10.

What is a laminar or stream-lined airflow?

a)
Turbulent airflow with chaotic flow lines
b)
A type of airflow that is always vertical
c)
Airflow that is only present in liquids
d)
Laminar or streamlined airflow is a smooth, orderly flow of fluid with parallel flow lines and minimal turbulence.
11.

What is turbulent airflow?

a)
Turbulent airflow is a chaotic and irregular fluid motion with rapid variations in velocity.
b)
Turbulent airflow is a type of laminar flow.
c)
Turbulent airflow is characterized by a constant velocity.
d)
Turbulent airflow is a smooth and steady fluid motion.
12.

What is a spirometer?

a)
A spirometer is a device that measures lung function by assessing air volume during breathing.
b)
A spirometer is a device that measures heart rate.
c)
A spirometer is a machine used for cooking food.
d)
A spirometer is a type of medication for respiratory diseases.
13.

What is tidal volume and the characteristics?

a)
Tidal volume is the total lung capacity measured in liters.
b)
Tidal volume refers to the amount of air in the lungs after exhalation.
c)
Tidal volume is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled in one breath.
d)
Tidal volume is the volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a single breath, typically around 500 mL in a healthy adult.
14.

What is an inspiratory reserve volume?

a)

Inspiratory reserve volume is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation. 3,000 mL in normal adults.

b)
The amount of air that can be held in the lungs at rest.
c)
The total lung capacity minus the residual volume.
d)
The volume of air exhaled after a normal exhalation.
15.

What is expiratory reserve volume?

a)

Expiratory reserve volume is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal expiration. 1,100 mL in a normal adult.

b)
Expiratory reserve volume is the volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal expiration.
c)
Expiratory reserve volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhalation.
d)
Expiratory reserve volume is the total amount of air in the lungs after a deep inhalation.
16.

What is residual volume?

a)

The volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation. 1,200 mL in normal adults.

b)
The amount of air inhaled during normal breathing.
c)
The total lung capacity of the lungs.
d)
The volume of air exchanged during a single breath.
17.

What is functional residual capacity?

a)

Functional residual capacity is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration. 2,300 mL in normal adults.

b)
The volume of air exchanged during vigorous exercise.
c)
The amount of air inhaled during a normal breath.
d)
The total lung capacity after a deep breath.
18.

What is inspiratory capacity?

a)
Inspiratory capacity is the amount of air left in the lungs after exhalation.
b)

Inspiratory capacity is the sum of tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume. Usually 3,500 mL in normal adults.

c)
Inspiratory capacity is the total lung volume.
d)
Inspiratory capacity is the volume of air exhaled after a deep breath.
19.

What is vital capacity?

a)
Vital capacity is the minimum amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal inhalation.
b)
Vital capacity is the amount of air inhaled during normal breathing.
c)
Vital capacity is the total volume of air in the lungs at rest.
d)

Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation. 4,600 mL in normal adults.

20.

What is total lung capacity?

a)

Total lung capacity is approximately 6 liters in an average adult. Is 5,000 mL in average adult.

b)
Total lung capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled in one breath.
c)
Total lung capacity is the amount of air in the lungs after exhalation.
d)
Total lung capacity is 4 liters in an average adult.
21.

What is maximal voluntary ventilation?

a)
The amount of air in the lungs after a normal exhalation.
b)
The total lung capacity of an individual.
c)
The rate of oxygen consumption during exercise.
d)
Maximal voluntary ventilation is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled in one minute.
22.

What is forced vital capacity?

a)
Forced vital capacity is the total volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximum inhalation.
b)
The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation.
c)
The total volume of air in the lungs at rest.
d)
The amount of air inhaled during normal breathing.
23.

What is forced midexpiratory flow rate?

a)
A measure of airflow during the first 25% of forced expiration.
b)
Forced midexpiratory flow rate is a measure of airflow during the middle 50% of forced expiration.
c)
A measure of lung capacity during normal breathing.
d)
A test for measuring oxygen levels in the blood.
24.

What is maximum voluntary ventilation?

a)
The rate of oxygen consumption during exercise.
b)
The amount of air in the lungs after a normal exhalation.
c)
The total lung capacity of a person in liters.
d)
Maximum voluntary ventilation is the maximum amount of air a person can breathe in and out in one minute.
25.

What is perfusion in the lungs?

a)
The exchange of nutrients between blood and lung tissue.
b)
The movement of air in and out of the lungs.
c)
Perfusion in the lungs is the flow of blood through the lung capillaries for gas exchange.
d)
The process of oxygen entering the bloodstream from the air.
26.

What is diffusion in the lungs?

a)
Diffusion in the lungs is the process of inhaling air into the stomach.
b)
Diffusion in the lungs refers to the exchange of nutrients between blood vessels.
c)
Diffusion in the lungs is the movement of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood across the alveolar membrane.
d)
Diffusion in the lungs is the movement of carbon dioxide into the alveoli and oxygen out of the blood.
27.

What is pulmonary ventilation?

a)
Pulmonary ventilation is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
b)
The process of gas exchange in the bloodstream.
c)
The movement of blood through the heart.
d)
The act of breathing only through the nose.
28.

What is alveolar ventilation?

a)
Alveolar ventilation is the pressure exerted by air in the trachea.
b)
Alveolar ventilation is the volume of air that reaches the alveoli and is available for gas exchange per minute.
c)
Alveolar ventilation refers to the amount of oxygen in the bloodstream.
d)
Alveolar ventilation is the total lung capacity measured in liters.
29.

What is dead air space?

a)
A space filled with helium gas.
b)
An area where air pressure is highest.
c)
A region with constant wind flow.
d)
Dead air space is the area where air does not circulate effectively.
30.

What is a shunt?

a)
A shunt is a type of plant used in gardening.
b)
A shunt is a device or procedure that redirects fluid flow.
c)
A shunt is a medication for heart disease.
d)
A shunt is a type of electrical circuit.
31.

What is a physiologic shunt?

a)
A physiologic shunt is the process of blood being oxygenated in the right side of the heart.
b)
A physiologic shunt is the normal flow of oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
c)
A physiologic shunt is the passage of blood from the right side of the heart to the left side without being oxygenated in the lungs.
d)
A physiologic shunt refers to the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the lungs.
32.

What is the single breath test?

a)
An assessment of skin temperature based on exhaled air.
b)
A medical test that analyzes breath composition to assess lung function or metabolism.
c)
A procedure to evaluate heart rate through breathing patterns.
d)
A test that measures blood pressure using a breath sample.
33.

What is arterial blood gas range for pH?

a)
7.35 - 7.45
b)
7.20 - 7.30
c)
7.50 - 7.70
d)
6.90 - 7.10
34.

What is the arterial blood range for Pco2?

a)
30 to 40 mmHg
b)
35 to 45 mmHg
c)
50 to 60 mmHg
d)
25 to 35 mmHg
35.

What is the arterial blood gas range for bicarbonate?

a)
25-30 mEq/L
b)

22-26 mEq/L

c)
30-35 mEq/L
d)
18-22 mEq/L
36.

What is the arterial blood gas range for PO2?

a)
60-80 mmHg
b)
90-120 mmHg
c)
100-150 mmHg
d)

80-100 mmHg

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