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Ecology Review

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 1hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
2.
Biodiversity is 
a)
the variety of species within an ecosystem
b)
a large number of the same species in an ecosystem
c)
an abundant amount of the same primary consumers 
d)
the ability to have an abundant source from the same species
3.

Photosynthesis is important because...

a)

it makes carbon dioxide

b)

it makes food for the food webs

c)

it makes water

d)

it's not important

4.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
5.

This graph shows Human population growth. This growth is called

a)

exponential

b)

logistic

c)

random

d)

crazy

6.

Consists of all the biotic and abiotic factors of the environment...

a)

population

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

all of the above

7.

A group of organisms of the same species in any given area...

a)

population

b)

community

c)

individuals

d)

community

8.
Which is an example of a parasitic relationship?
a)
a bee pollinates a flower
b)
a tapeworm takes nutrients from a dog
c)
an orchid lives in a tree but does not harm the tree
9.
In which type of relationship do both species benefit?
a)
parasitism
b)
mutualism
c)
commensalism
10.
Barnacles grow on whales.  Whales give the barnacles a place to live but the barnacles do not help or harm the whale.  Which type of relationship is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitiesm
11.
Where an organism lives
a)
habitat
b)
niche 
c)
heterotrogh
d)
biosphere
12.
A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Habitat
d)
Ecosystem
13.
Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area
a)
Biome
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Niche
14.

What happens when different species try to occupy the same niche?

a)

The species compete with each other

b)

The species cooperate with each other

c)

The species coexist with each other

d)

All of the above

15.

What is a niche?

a)

The habitat that an organism lives in

b)

An organism’s “role” in an ecosystem

c)

A type of consumer

d)

The relationship between a producer and consumer

16.
What type of competition does this picture show?
a)
Interspecific
b)
Commensialism
c)
Intraspecific
d)
Friendly
17.
What relationship is this?
a)
Parasitism 
b)
Intraspecific
c)
Predation
d)
Mutualism
18.
Competition between two organisms of different species is called?
a)
Interspecific
b)
Intraspecific
c)
Inter-species
d)
You and your cousins
19.
Which symbiotic relationship does this picture show?
a)
Mutualism
b)
Parasitism
c)
Commensalism
d)
Predation
20.
What makes parasitism different from predation?
a)
The parasite wants to keep the host alive
b)
The parasite kills the host
c)
The predator just wants to talk
d)
the predator wants to keep the prey alive
21.
Commensalism is when...
a)
One species is hurt, but the other benefits
b)
One species benefits and the other is unaffected
c)
Both species benefit
d)
One species dies, but the other is fed
22.
Two male birds fight over a female bird until one male bird gives up and flies away. This is an example of what?
a)
Intraspecies competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
Interspecies competition
d)
Parasitism
23.
Remoras attach themselves to a shark’s body. They then travel with the shark and feed on the leftover food scraps from the shark’s meals. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the shark. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
24.
Oxpeckers feed on the ticks found on a rhinoceros. The oxpeckers get a meal and the rhinoceros is helped by the removal of the ticks.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
25.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from a spruce tree. The spruce tree is harmed. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
26.
 The stork uses it saw-like bill to cut up the dead animals it eats. As a result, the dead animal carcass is accessible to some bees for food and egg laying. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the stork.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
27.
 A flea feeds on a mouse’s blood and harms the mouse.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
28.
Wrasse fish feed on the parasites found on the black sea bass’s body. The wrasse fish get a meal and the black sea bass is helped by the removal of the parasites.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
29.

A ________________ is the natural home or environment of a plant, animal, or other organism.

a)

habitat

b)

symbiosis

c)

food chain

d)

intraspecies

30.

Sharks consume (eat) smaller fish they catch in the ocean. Frogs catch and eat flying insects in ponds. What type of relationship is this?

a)

mutulism

b)

predation

c)

parasitism

d)

interspecific

31.
Any thing or organism that regulates the size of a population of another organism is known as __________.
a)
a limiting measure
b)
a limiting factor
c)
factorization
d)
materialization of precipitation
32.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

33.

A mother cuckoo lays her egg in the nest of a warbler, then flies away. The warbler raises the baby cuckoo along with her own babies. The cuckoo baby grows quickly, becoming massive compare to the warbler babies. At some point, the baby cuckoo pushes the warbler babies out of the nest in order to make more room for itself. What does this scenario describe?

a)

parasitism

b)

predation

c)

intraspecies competition

d)

interspecies competition

34.

Some small fish attach themselves to the body of a shark without harming it and feed upon its left over food. This relationship between the shark and the fish is an example of

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

competition

d)

parasitism

35.

The graph shows the changes in two populations of herbivores in grassy field. A possible reason for these changes is that

a)

all of the plant populations in this habitat decreased

b)

population B competed more successfully for food than population A did

c)

population A produced more offspring than population B did

d)

population A consumed the members of population B

36.
The shrew provides energy for the _______?
a)
cricket
b)
grasshopper
c)
frog
d)
snake
37.

Which type of succession occurs following disturbances in which soil is not present?

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Tertiary Succession

d)

Directional Succession

38.

Which ecosystem would be most resilient in the face of a natural disaster?

a)

One with high species richness and evenness.

b)

One with high species richness, but low evenness.

c)

One with low species richness, but high species evenness.

d)

One with just a few dominant species.

39.

Soccer fields are most often made of one single type of grass. What type of biodiversity do sports fields show?

a)

High "Rich" biodiversity because there is only one type of producer.

b)

Low "Poor" biodiversity because there is only one type of producer.

40.

Biodiversity is important to keep an ecosystem healthy. In this example "Food Web A" is sustainable. Why is resiliency important for an ecosystem in "Food Web A".

a)

If one organism is removed the food web can still operate (work) with little or no negative effect.

b)

If an organism is removed the food web will collapse and will affect the environment.

41.

What is this picture describing?

a)

It is describing direct competition between flamingos and ducks.

b)

It is describing natural selection as it follows the disruptive selection pattern.

c)

It is describing the niche of each bird within the tree.

d)

It is describing abiotic factors of the tundra.

42.

This photo is showing the same ecosystem in 2 scenarios: one with the sea otter and one without the sea otter. In the ecosystem without the sea otter, the ecosystem dynamics are completely changed. What term best describes the sea otter?

a)

Niche

b)

Climax community

c)

Pioneer species

d)

Keystone species

43.

This photo is showing the same ecosystem in 2 scenarios: one with the sea otter and one without the sea otter. In the ecosystem without the sea otter, the ecosystem dynamics are completely changed. What term best describes the sea otter?

a)

Niche

b)

Climax community

c)

Pioneer species

d)

Keystone species

44.

What is this picture describing?

a)

It is describing direct competition between flamingos and ducks.

b)

It is describing natural selection as it follows the disruptive selection pattern.

c)

It is describing the niche of each bird within the tree.

d)

It is describing abiotic factors of the tundra.

45.
A species that has a greater impact on the ecosystem than its number would indicate
a)
keystone species
b)
core species
c)
impact species
d)
essential species
46.
Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area
a)
Biome
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Niche
47.
An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water in a specific arrangement
a)
niche
b)
biosphere
c)
biome
d)
habitat
48.
Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide and methane. How do greenhouse gases act to increase air temperatures near Earth's surface?
a)
They transmit visible light that enters the atmosphere.
b)
They trap heat that is radiated from the surface.
c)
They reflect heat that enters the atmosphere.
d)
They emit heat when they undergo chemical reactions
49.
Which data are MOST useful for analyzing the climate of the region?
a)
average time of sunrise and sunset in July
b)
the highest and the lowest daily rainfall in July of this year
c)
the daily high temperature for every day in July of this year
d)
average temperatures for July, measured over 30 years
50.

Species that are native to and found only within a limited area.

a)

endemic

b)

exotic

c)

endangered

d)

extinct

51.

A species that is not native to a particular region.

a)

endemic

b)

exotic

c)

endangered

d)

extinct

52.

Is the image an example of primary or secondary succession?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

53.

Select ALL of the answers below that are considered pioneer species for a secondary succession.

a)

bushes

b)

lichen

c)

grasses

d)

trees

54.

Which of the answers below that are considered pioneer species for a primary succession.

a)

flowers

b)

lichen

c)

grasses

d)

trees

55.

Primary and secondary succession are different because secondary succession has what at the start?

a)

soil

b)

rocks

c)

plants

d)

animals

56.

Primary and secondary succession are different because secondary succession has what at the start?

a)

soil

b)

rocks

c)

plants

d)

animals

57.

Which of the answers below are not considered disturbances that would start a new succession.

a)

fire

b)

flood

c)

rain

d)

hurricane force winds

e)

volcanoes

58.

The greenhouse effect is a natural and important process that keeps the Earth’s surface warm enough to support life.

a)

true

b)

false

59.

What benefits does society get from biodiversity?

a)

All of the answers are correct

b)

Clean freshwater

c)

Ecosystem stability

d)

Materials to produce medicines

60.

For the graph below, what is the carrying capacity of Species 5?

a)

2000 organisms

b)

2500 organisms

c)

Day 23

d)

Day 15

e)

1500 organisms

61.

A disease results in the death of one third of a dense population of bats. It spreads easily between the bats because there are so many of them. The disease is an example of:

a)

a density-dependent limiting factor

b)

exponential growth

c)

a density-independent limiting factor

d)

a nutrient-limiting factor

62.

All the carbon that exists is continually recycled in the carbon cycle.

a)

true

b)

false

63.

All living things contain carbon.

a)

true

b)

false

64.

During respiration, _____ is consumed and _____ is released.

a)

oxygen, nitrogen

b)

oxygen, carbon dioxide

c)

carbon dioxide, oxygen

d)

nitrogen, carbon dioxide

65.
An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water in a specific arrangement
a)
niche
b)
biosphere
c)
biome
d)
habitat
66.
Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area
a)
Community
b)
Population
c)
Organisms
d)
Biosphere
67.
A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called...
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
68.
Which of the following would be the definition of a detritivore?
a)
Animals that eat insects.
b)
Organisms that feed on rocks, recycling the nutrients back into the ground.
c)
Organisms that eat only pants
d)
Things that feed on dead organisms, recycling the nutrients back into the ground.
69.

Which of the following is a predator/prey relationship?

a)

Owls eating mice

b)

Bunnies eating shrubs

c)

Bears eating berries

d)

Worms eating decaying matter

70.

What is the ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem?

a)

The sun

b)

Producers

c)

Glucose

d)

Decomposers

71.

__________ is an organism that can make it's own food.

a)

Heterotroph

b)

Consumer

c)

Autotroph

d)

Decomposer

72.

Which of the following is a producer/consumer relationship?

a)

Owls eat mice

b)

Rabbits eat shrubs

c)

Wolves eat deer

d)

Bears eat salmon

73.

What's the greatest benefit to having strong biodiversity?

a)

Organisms will constantly compete for resources.

b)

The food web is small but strong.

c)

The ecosystem will be strong and resilient.

d)

There is no benefit.

74.

. Which of the following is an example of primary succession?

a)

A.lichens growing on rocks following a volcanic eruption

b)

B.grasses growing after a forest fire

c)

C.oak trees replacing pine trees in a forest

d)

D. non-native species introduced into a climax community

75.

The end result of ecological succession is usually a(n)

a)

A.land biome.

b)

B.aquatic biome.

c)

C.unstable community.

d)

D.climax community.

76.

Natural disturbances, such as fires or hurricanes, can result in

a)

A.parasitism.

b)

B.competition.

c)

C.commensalism.

d)

D.succession.

77.
Organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer
a)
herbivore
b)
decomposer
c)
heterotroph
d)
species
78.
A carbon "sink" is best described as:
a)
a reservoir that readily releases carbon to another reservoir
b)
a carbon reservoir that stores more carbon that it is releasing
c)
something that causes carbon to leak out to the atmosphere
d)
a carbon reservoir that is releasing more carbon than it is taking in
79.
Nitrogen fixation processes nitrogen from which of the following sources?
a)
lightning
b)
fertilizers
c)
dead plants
d)
atmosphere
80.
What is it called when water is changed from a liquid to a gas?
a)
EVAPORATION
b)
PRECIPITATION
c)
TRANSPIRATION
81.
In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...
a)
primary consumer
b)
secondary consumer
c)
tertiary consumer
d)
producer

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