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ocean101 chapter 1 learning objectives study

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is this called

a)
Fishing gear
b)
Sailing apparel
c)

Lever pulley

d)

pressures air hose

2.

What is C?

a)

hatch

b)

steering wheel

c)

rudder

d)

propeller

e)

Hand cranks

3.

B is a (a)  

4.

A is a ________? what part of the submarine?

a)
engine compartment
b)
torpedo room
c)

hatch

d)
ballast tank
5.

D is a (a)  

6.

E is a ________ what ? what part of the submarine?

a)

hatch

b)
ballast tank
c)
torpedo
d)
periscope
e)

hand cranks

7.

F is a _______ what ? what part of the submarine?

a)
Emergency exit hatch
b)
Lever for horizontal planes
c)
Control panel for navigation
d)
Ballast adjustment lever
8.

WHAT IS THIS ?

(a)  

9.

WHAT IS THIS ?

(a)  

10.

What is this?

(a)  

11.

WHAT is this

(a)  

12.

Why do we need guidelines for acquiring and managing data?

a)

they improve research data

ensuring its quality, security, and compliance with regulations

b)
To make data management more complex.
c)
To limit access to data for users.
d)
To increase data storage costs.
13.

What are HOV's

a)
High-Altitude Observation Vehicles
b)
Human Operated Vehicles
c)
Heavy Operational Vehicles
d)
Human Occupied Vehicles
14.

what are AUV's ? do they go under alone ?

a)
AUVs are large submarines used for military purposes.
b)
AUVs are remotely operated vehicles controlled by a pilot on the surface.
c)
AUVs are designed for surface navigation only.
d)
AUVs are Autonomous Underwater Vehicles that operate independently underwater.
15.

What are ROVs?

a)
ROVs are manned vehicles used for aerial surveillance.
b)
ROVs are small submarines designed for recreational diving.
c)
ROVs are robotic vehicles that operate on land for construction tasks.
d)

remotely controlled or autonomous robot devices with tethered cables

16.

distinguish between ROVs, HOVs and AUV's? Select all that are true

a)

ROVs have cord to control

b)

HOV's have people controling inside

c)

AUV's have program route (independent)

d)

hovs are independent

e)

ATVs are cord controlled

17.

Why are these sonar images useful

a)
Sonar images are primarily used for air traffic control.
b)
Sonar images help in predicting weather patterns.
c)
Sonar images are mainly for capturing fish populations.
d)
Sonar images are useful for mapping underwater terrain and identifying objects or obstacles.
18.

short answer: There are a few words that scientists do not use when publishing their findings. (In lecture, I referred to these terms as "dirty words"). What are some of these words? Why are they not found in credible scientific publications? (Ch1 #17)

a)
Phrases like 'definitely', 'always', and 'absolutely' are common in research articles.
b)
Terms such as 'certain', 'likely', and 'may' are avoided in scientific writing.
c)
Words like 'confirm', 'often', and 'sometimes' are used in scientific publications.
d)

Words like proved, right, wrong and true are not used in credible scientific publications.

19.

Who was the first European explorer to see Hawaii, New Zealand, and Tahiti? (Ch.1 #3)

a)

1.Christopher Columbus

b)

2.Ferdinand Magellan

c)

3. James Cook

d)

  1. 4. Amerigo Vespucci

e)

  1. 5. Vasco DeGama

20.

A researcher has been working on a cure for a particular fish disease and has submitted a paper for publication: Which of the following might serve as grounds for not publishing their work? (Ch.1 #14, 16)

a)

1.The researcher rejected their hypothesis

b)

2.The researcher found no significant difference between their two test groups

c)

3. The research has an ‘n’ value of 2

21.

Which of the following statements regarding sea gliders is false? (Ch1. #8)

Sea gliders were first developed by the University of Washington.

1. A sea glider is a type of AUV

2. Sea gliders move via a series of propellers

3. Sea gliders can be used to monitor the flow of freshwater from the Arctic

a)

1. A sea glider is a type of AUV

b)

2. Sea gliders move via a series of propellers

c)

3. Sea gliders can be used to monitor the flow of freshwater from the Arctic

22.

Where would you find an aquanaut? (Ch.1 #3, 7)

a)

1. Aquarius

b)

2. Flip

c)

3. in an AUV

d)

4. On a NOAA ship

23.

ALVIN is a... (Ch1 #7)

a)

hov

b)

AUV

c)

DSV

d)

Chipmunk

e)

PSU

24.

How many variables should a scientific experiment have? (Ch1 #13)

a)

#1

b)

#2

c)

#3

d)

#4

e)

#none

25.

Thermal exposure, limited bottom time, and ‘The Bends’, are all limits to marine exploration while using ___________. (Ch.1 #4, 7, 8)

a)

SCUBA

b)

Sea gliders

c)

Critter cams

d)

HOVs

e)

ALVIN

26.

Which of the following statements regarding the Phoenicians is false? (Ch.1 #1)

a)

They developed the modern alphabet

b)

They used Murex snails to make medicine

c)

They are considered to be the first accomplished sailors

d)

They are sometimes referred to as the ‘purple people.’

27.

Which of the following pairs is incorrect? (Ch.1 #5, 6, 7, 9)

a)

H.L. Hunley, first submarine

b)

Sonar, tool to map seafloor

c)

Diving Bell, Underwater warning device

d)

Flip, Floating Instrument Platform

28.

What is the primary purpose of the H.L. Hunley? (Ch.1 #11)

a)

First submarine

b)

Underwater research vessel

c)

Marine life observation

d)

Deep-sea exploration

29.

Which of the following is a characteristic of an AUV? (Ch.1 #12)

a)

Requires a human operator

b)

Operates independently

c)

Tethered to a ship

d)

Used for surface mapping

30.

What is the main advantage of using sonar in marine exploration? (Ch.1 #15)

a)

Visual observation of marine life

b)

Collecting water samples

c)

Mapping the seafloor

d)

Measuring water temperature

31.

1st law of data management

a)
Data should be kept secret and not shared.
b)
Data can be outdated and still useful.
c)
Data must be stored in a single location.
d)
Data must be accurate, consistent, and reliable.
e)


Real time observation must be accompanied by quality descriptor

32.

2nd law of data management

a)
Data storage is optional for management.
b)
Data must be deleted regularly.
c)
Data can be inconsistent if needed.
d)
Data integrity and consistency must be maintained.
e)

All observations should be subject to a level of automated real time quality test

33.

3rd law of data management

a)
Data can be freely shared without restrictions.
b)
Data should be treated as a valuable asset.
c)
Data should be ignored as it has no value.
d)
Data is only important for large companies.
e)

Quality test and quality flags describes all data sets

34.

4th law data management

a)
Data Integrity and Accuracy
b)
Data Visualization
c)
Data Compression
d)
Data Redundancy
e)

Observer independently verifies or calibrates sensors before deployment

35.

5th law data management

a)
Data storage optimization
b)
Data retrieval techniques
c)
Data integrity and accuracy management
d)
Data visualization methods
e)

document and describe their methods/ calibration

36.

6th law data management

a)
Data Security
b)
Data Integrity
c)
Data Redundancy
d)
Data Availability
e)

should qualify level of calibration accuracy / expected error

37.

7th law data management

a)
Data Compression
b)
Data Redundancy
c)
Data Integrity and Accuracy
d)
Data Visualization
e)

Manual checks and Maintenance observing system must be done on a timescale

38.

7th law data management

a)
Data management is solely about data retrieval.
b)
Data storage is irrelevant to data management.
c)

Manual checks and Maintenance observing system must be done on a timescale

d)
Data management only concerns hardware resources.
39.

6th law data management

a)
Data Security
b)

Observers should qualify level of calibration accuracy / expected error

c)
Data Redundancy
d)
Data Availability
40.

5th law data management

a)
Data storage is irrelevant to data management.
b)
Data management only concerns data retrieval.
c)
Data management focuses solely on data visualization.
d)

need to document and describe their methods/ calibration

41.

4th law data management

a)

should qualify level of calibration accuracy / expected error

b)

.Manual checks and Maintenance observing system must be done on a timescale

c)

need to document and describe their methods/ calibration

d)

independently verifies or calibrates sensors before deployment

42.

3rd law of data management

a)
Data should be ignored as it has no value.
b)
Data can be freely shared without restrictions.
c)
Data is only important for technical teams.
d)

Quality test and quality flags describes all data sets

43.

2nd law of data management

a)
Data should be stored without any validation.
b)
Data can be duplicated across multiple sources.
c)
Data management is optional for all organizations.
d)

observations should be subject to a level of automated real time quality test

44.

1st law of data management

a)

Real time observation must be accompanied by quality descriptor

b)
Data can be inconsistent and still valid.
c)
Data must be outdated and unreliable.
d)
Data should be kept secret and inaccessible.
45.

What does it mean when data are interpreted as having

“Significant difference” vs “No significant difference”?

a)

“Significant difference”= significance using a standard 95% confidence

b)

“No significant difference”=if the analysis shows that differences would be expected to occur by chance more than one out of twenty times

c)

“Significant difference”=if the analysis shows that differences would be expected to occur by chance more than one out of twenty times

d)

“No significant difference”= significance using a standard 95% confidence

46.

what is “Significant difference”

a)

significance using a standard 95% confidence

b)
A significant difference refers to a minor change in data.
c)
A significant difference is a term used in everyday conversation.
d)
A significant difference means there is no difference between groups.
47.

what is “No significant difference”

a)
A method for determining statistical significance.
b)
A term used in qualitative research.
c)

if the analysis shows that differences would be expected to occur by chance more than one out of twenty times

d)
A hypothesis that suggests a strong correlation.
48.

What is bias? How do we manage it?

a)
Bias can only be eliminated by ignoring it.
b)
Bias is the same as opinion.
c)
Bias is a tendency to favor one perspective over others, and it can be managed through awareness, diversity, structured processes, and feedback.
d)
Bias is a scientific term with no social implications.
49.

What is a variable?

a)

any factor in an experiment that can be changed or tested.

b)
A variable is a function that performs calculations.
c)
A variable is a type of data structure that holds multiple values.
d)
A variable is a constant value that cannot change.
50.

what are the major components of the scientific method?

a)

observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, data analysis, and conclusion

b)
theory, observation, conclusion, prediction
c)
hypothesis, conclusion, data collection, review
d)
experiment, analysis, review, publication
51.

what is testable

a)
Testable refers to something that is unchangeable.
b)
Testable means it cannot be evaluated.
c)
Testable is synonymous with being irrelevant.
d)

Testable means can be proven or disproven through empirical evidence.

52.

what is Non-testable

a)
Non-testable concepts can be easily proven
b)
Non-testable concepts are always true
c)
Non-testable concepts can be measured directly
d)
Non-testable concepts cannot be empirically verified or falsified.
53.

What is SCUBA and who invented it?

a)

James Cameron.

b)

Albert Einstein.

c)

Jacques Cousteau and Émile Gagnan.

d)

Leonardo da Vinci.

54.

What are SCUBA limitation?

a)
Unlimited depth diving
b)

the maximum depth is 40 meters (130 feet),

c)
No need for training
d)

divers often plan dives lasting up to an hour.

55.

How is sonar used to produce images of the seafloor.

a)
Sonar produces images of the seafloor by emitting sound waves that reflect off the seafloor and measuring the time it takes for the echoes to return.
b)
Sonar generates images by analyzing water temperature variations.
c)
Sonar captures images by using cameras placed on the seafloor.
d)
Sonar uses light waves to create images of the seafloor.
56.

What are some key expeditions in the history of maritime exploration?

a)

Cook's Pacific explorations

b)

Magellan's circumnavigation

c)
The Lewis and Clark expedition in the 19th century
d)

Columbus's 1492 voyage,

57.

What is the modern history of maritime exploration?

a)
The modern history of maritime exploration involves the Age of Discovery, advancements in navigation, and contemporary scientific research.
b)
The modern history of maritime exploration began with the invention of the steam engine.
c)
Maritime exploration is solely focused on fishing and trade routes.
d)
The modern history of maritime exploration is limited to the Arctic and Antarctic regions.
58.

What is the significance of ancient Greek contributions to maritime exploration?

a)
Their contributions had little impact on later maritime technologies.
b)

Ancient Greeks developed navigation techniques and explored the Mediterranean Sea.

c)
Greek mythology was the main influence on navigation techniques.
d)
Ancient Greeks primarily focused on land exploration and agriculture.
59.

What happened to marine exploration and science during the dark ages and why did this happen?

a)

Stop studies in Europe because of Antient Greeks lost/ or distorted

b)
Trade routes expanded, leading to more exploration of the seas.
c)
Scientific advancements in marine biology were made during this period.
d)
Marine exploration thrived due to increased funding from monarchs.
60.

Who were the Phonenicians?

a)
A group of ancient philosophers known for their writings.
b)
A civilization famous for their land-based trade routes.
c)
An empire that primarily focused on agriculture and farming.
d)

first accomplished sailors and the purple people

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