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WorksheetsRAD 205 Ch. 3 Review
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 45mins
Which of the following is an interaction between x-radiation and matter?
Photoelectric absorption
Pair production
Compton scattering
All of the above
Which interaction is most likely to occur when x-rays pass through a high atomic number material?
Compton scattering
Photoelectric absorption
Pair production
Rayleigh scattering
At what energy level does pair production become a significant interaction for x-rays?
Below 1 MeV
1.02 MeV
Above 10 MeV
Between 0.1 and 0.5 MeV
Which interaction results in complete absorption of the incident photon?
Coherent scattering
Compton scattering
Photoelectric absorption
Pair production
This is the reduction of energy of the primary beam as it passes through various anatomic tissues.
Absorption
Scattering
Attenuation
Transmission
Remnant or exit radiation is composed of _______ photons.
Absorbed and transmitted
Transmitted and scattered
Absorbed and scattered
Absorbed, Transmitted and Scattered
The probability of photoelectric interaction increases with:
Lower atomic number
Higher photon energy
Higher atomic number
Lower mass density
What is the energy range where Compton scattering dominates?
0-10 keV
20-40 keV
60-90 keV
100 keV and above
In Compton interaction, the scattered electron is known as:
Auger electron
Photoelectron
Secondary photon
Recoil electron
Compton scatter contributes to occupational dose.
True
False
Annihilation radiation results from:
Coherent scattering
Compton scattering
Pair production
Photoelectric absorption
Which electron shell is most likely involved in photoelectric interaction?
K-shell
M-shell
N-shell
Valence shell
The photoelectric effect increases image contrast.
True
False
The photoelectron produced has:
Energy equal to the incoming photon
Energy equal to the binding energy
Kinetic energy = photon energy – binding energy
No kinetic energy
Which tissue absorbs more radiation via the photoelectric effect?
Fat
Air
Bone
Muscle
In Compton interaction, the photon is scattered with:
No energy
The same energy
Reduced energy
Increased energy
Compton scatter degrades image contrast.
True
False
The primary cause of fog on a radiographic image is:
Photoelectric effect
Coherent scatter
Compton scatter
Transmission
Which factor affects the angle of Compton scatter?
Tube current
Photon energy
Exposure time
Film speed
Occupational dose from Compton scatter can be reduced by:
Increasing kVp
Standing behind a lead shield
Increasing mAs
Using a higher grid ratio
Pair production results in:
Two protons
Two electrons
A positron and an electron
A neutron and a proton
What happens to the positron from pair production?
Combines with an electron and annihilates
Bonds with a proton
Becomes an atom
Scatters away
Photodisintegration results in:
Coherent scattering
No nuclear involvemen
Formation of an electron
Nucleus emitting particles
Pair production is important in diagnostic imaging.
True
False
Attenuation refers to:
Increase in photon energy
Removal of photons from the beam
Increased exposure time
Amplification of scatter
As x-ray energy increases, attenuation by photoelectric effect:
Increases
Stays the same
Decreases
Is unpredictable
Which factor most influences attenuation?
Exposure time
Grid ratio
Atomic number of tissue
Film screen speed
An increase in kVp results in:
Increased patient dose from photoelectric interactions
Increased scatter and decreased contrast
Increased photoelectric absorption
Reduced Compton interactions
Half-value layer (HVL) is related to:
Quantity of photons
Quality (energy) of the beam
Exposure time
Image resolution
A radiograph of the abdomen shows high contrast. Which interaction is dominant?
Compton
Coherent
Photoelectric
Pair production
Which tissue type shows the greatest x-ray attenuation?
Muscle
Fat
Bone
Lung
To reduce scatter and improve contrast, the technologist should:
Use lower kVp
Use higher mAs
Use no grid
Decrease SID
Which interaction contributes to both image quality and patient dose?
Photoelectric effect
Pair production
Compton effect
Photodisintegration
Coherent scatter increases with higher photon energy.
True
False
Which interaction creates ionization in the patient?
Coherent
Transmission
Photoelectric
None of the above
Which interaction can occur with outer shell electrons?
Photoelectric
Pair production
Compton
Photodisintegration
The most common interaction in soft tissue at diagnostic energies is:
Coherent
Compton
Photoelectric
Pair production
The higher the atomic number, the more likely photoelectric absorption will occur.
True
False
Match: Pair production →
K-shell ionization
1.02 MeV threshold
Elastic scattering
Recoil electron
Match: Coherent scattering →
Low-energy, diagnostic range
High-energy only
Always ionizing
K-shell only
Match: Compton effect →
Outer-shell ejection
Inner-shell vacancy
Positron emission
No energy loss
Which interaction leads to cascade effect and characteristic radiation?
Photoelectric
Coherent
Pair production
Compton
A higher Z-number of contrast media enhances photoelectric effect.
True
False
Which interaction is primarily responsible for patient dose in diagnostic radiology?
Pair production
Coherent scattering
Photoelectric effect
Compton scattering
Which of the following best describes attenuation in radiographic imaging?
Production of secondary electrons only
Increase in photon energy
Reduction in x-ray beam intensity due to absorption and scatter
Complete transmission of x-rays
