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Worksheetslexico
Total questions: 155
Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins
1)What is word-composition?
Reversing meanings
Forming new words by combining two or more stems
Abbreviating existing words
Adding affixes
Copying foreign terms
2) What is an example of word-composition?
Bank-manager
Goseling
Specialist
Reappear
Disable
3) How many productive ways of word-building are there in Modern English?
Three
Four
Five
Two
Ten
5) What type of suffix is -ette in "kitchenette"?
Verb-forming suffix
Diminutive suffix
Feminine suffix
Adverb-forming suffix
Negative prefix
4) Which of the following is a secondary or nonproductive way of word-building?
Sound interchange
Affixation
Composition
Conversation
Blending
6) What is the origin of the suffix -tion?
Greek
Romanic
Native
Germanic
Slavic
7) Which of these prefixes is Greek in origin?
De
Hyper
Un
Re
In
8) What is Word-Composition in English word-building?
A method of forming words using only suffixes
A way of shortening longer phrases
A method of borrowing words from other languages
A phonetic strategy of sentence construction
A productive way of forming words by joining two or more stems
9) What does the structural unity of a compound word depend on?
Unity of stress, spelling, semantic, morphological and syntactical functioning
Stylistic variation
Frequency of usage and pronunciation
Etymology and syllabic pattern
Degree of idiomatic expression
10) Which compound shows syntactical compounding?
Hide-and-seek
Bedroom
Girlfriend
Handicraft
Astrospace
11) Who defined conversion as a morphological way of forming words?
Henry Sweet
Professor A.I. Smirnitsky
Vinogradov
William Labov
Leonard Bloomfield
12) What is lexical meaning?
The emotional tone of a word
The individual meaning of a word as found in the dictionary
The meaning shared by all words of a class
The stylistic coloring of a word
The grammatical function of a word
13) What is grammatical meaning?
The metaphorical use of a word
The meaning shared by all words in a grammatical class
The meaning of the root of a word
The dictionary definition
The emotional coloring of a word
14) What does denotational meaning refer to?
The grammatical function
The direct, logical content of a word
The speaker's emotions
The stylistic tone
The syntactic position
15) What is connotational meaning?
The dictionary definition
The emotional or stylistic coloring of a word
The grammatical structure
The word's etymology
The part of speech of a word
16) What ar
Today heral
meanings?
The historical root meanings
Secondary meanings occurring less frequently
The primary logical meaning
The grammatical functions of a word
The spelling-based variations
17) What does lexical motivation mean?
Stylistic use of vocabulary
Connection between a word's form and its meaning
Connection between sound and structure
Lexical borrowing from another language
Change in grammatical category
18)What is morphological motivation?
When the word has foreign origin
When the word's structure helps reveal its meaning
When meaning is based on context
When the sound suggests the meaning
When meaning is based on emotional tone
19)What is phonetic motivation?
When a word is borrowed
When a word's sound reflects its meaning
When a word changes spelling
When a word is used metaphorically
When a word is used in grammar rules
20) What causes metaphorical semantic change?
Emotional connotation
Similarity between concepts
Sound resemblance
Comparision using like. as
Historical spelling
21) What is an example of metonymy?
"Cold shoulder" meaning rejection
"The crown" meaning monarchy
"Green thumb" meaning gardening skill
"Foot of the mountain" meaning base
"Heart of stone" meaning cruelty
22)What is specialization of meaning?
Transfer of grammar
Narrowing of a word's
meaning
Broadening of a word's
meaning
Blending of two words
Change in part of speech
23) What is generalization of meaning?
Creating slang
Narrowing the use of a word
Using a word metaphorically
Replacing a word with a phrase
Broadening a word's usage to more meanings
24) What is ellipsis in semantic change?
Influence of foreign words
Change in pronunciation over
time
Omission of a word in a phrase affecting meaning
Phonetic similarity
Shifting grammatical forms
25) What is pejoration in semantics?
A word becoming more technical
A word losing its meaning
A word acquiring a more negative meaning
A word gaining multiple meanings
A word shifting grammatical category
26) What is amelioration in semantic change?
A word being replaced by a loanword
A word losing its usage in modern speech
A shift from noun to verb
A narrowing of scope
A word acquiring a more positive meaning
27)What is a synonymic dominant?
<variant>The rarest word in a group
«variant>A word that has the opposite meaning
‹variant>The most general term in a synonymic group
<variant>A borrowed synonym
«variant>A stylistically marked synonym
28) Which type of synonym expresses different shades of meaning but belongs to the same stylistic layer?
Ideographic synonyms
Stylistic synonyms
Absolute synonyms
Homonyms
Conversives
29)Which type of synonym can be used interchangeably in all contexts?
Ideographic synonym
Stylistic synonyms
Absolute synonyms
Contextual synonyms
Conversive synonyms
30)What did V.V. Vinogradov contribute to synonymy classification?
He defined polysemy only
He focused on homonymy and antonymy
He created word-formation theories
He analyzed grammatical categories
He introduced ideographic, stylistic, and ideographic-stylistic synonyms
31)What is the dominant synonym in the group “look – glance – gaze – stare – peep”?
Stare
Glance
Look
Gaze
Peep
32) What are gradable antonyms?
Antonyms that sound similar
Antonyms with completely opposite meanings
Antonyms derived from the same roo
Antonyms that allow for degrees between them
Antonyms used in legal texts
33) Which pair is an example of conversive antonyms?
Buy-sell
Hot-cold
Dead-alive
Big-small
Love-hate
34)What does R.S. Ginzburg say about synonymy?
He emphasizes the semantic equivalence and interchangeability
He denies the existence of stylistic synonyms
He claims synonyms are mostly homonyms
He focuses on grammatical meaning
He supports absolute antonymy
35)Which of the following is a stylistic synonym for “to begin”?
To act
To start
To open
To commence
To build
36)Which set contains ideographic synonyms?
Look – see – peep – glance
Begin – commence – initiate – open
Big – huge – enormous – gigantic
True – loyal – patriotic – brave
Cry – weep – sob – snore
37)What can homonyms cause in communication?
Simplification
Precision
Clarity
Ambiguity
Directness
38)Which form is typically used in British English: "I’ve just eaten" or "I just ate"?
I have just eat
I just ate
I just have eaten
I’ve just eaten
I had just eaten
39)In American English, how is "schedule" commonly pronounced?
/ˈʃedjuːl/
/ˈskedʒuːl/
/skeˈdjuːl/
skɪˈdʒuːl/
/ʃɪˈdjuːl/
40)Which expression is correct in British English: "at the weekend" or "on the weekend"?
At the weekend
On the weekend
In the weekend
During the weekend
By the weekend
41)What is a prominent dialect of British English?
Southern
Texan
Midwestern
Californian
Cockney
42) What are the two main types of situations in speech communication?
Written and spoken
Formal and informal
Professional and personal
Serious and humorous
Monologue and dialogue
43)What is an example of colloquial substitution for “How are your children?”
What about the minors?
How is your offspring?
Are your children doing well?
Have your young ones grown?
How are the kids?
44)What type of grammar does colloquial language typically feature?
No grammar at all
Perfect grammar
Relaxed grammar
Highly formal grammar
Standard academic grammar
45)What does “bostin” mean in the Birmingham dialect?
Very bad
Very good
Completely wrong
Average
Sick
46)What is “literary colloquial” language?
Dialect used in courtrooms
Language used in scientific articles
Street language used by teenagers
Vocabulary used by educated people in informal situations
Technical vocabulary of professionals
47) What type of words are slang words typically?
Formal and polite
Expressive and ironical
Neutral and academic
Technical and professional
Traditional and respectful
48)What is the main difference between slang and argot?
There is no difference
Argot is polite; slang is vulgar
Slang is formal; argot is informal
Argot is used in academia; slang is not
Slang is expressive; argot is secretive
49)Which of these is a slang word for “money”?
Shelf
Bottle
Dough
Leaf
Stick
50)What is a feature of the Cockney dialect?
Maintaining Old English grammar
Using Received Pronunciation
Dropping initial /h/ sounds
Replacing vowels with consonants
Pronouncing every syllable strictly
51)Where is informal vocabulary typically found?
Textbooks
Scientific papers
Legal documents
Everyday conversations
Newspaper editorials
52) What is one example of informal grammar in colloquial English?
It has been done.”
“She has completed it.”
“The assignment was finished.”
“She done it for me.”
It was completed by her.”
53)What is the main purpose of using idioms in informal speech?
To follow grammatical rules
To standardize language
To improve academic writing
To introduce dialect features
To add expressive and emotional nuance
54)Which dialect uses “ah’m” for “I am”?
Birmingham
Scottish
Cockney
Liverpool
Irish
55) Which of the following would be found in Cockney dialect?
‘ammer’ for ‘hammer’
‘soda’ for ‘pop’
‘lift’ for ‘elevator’
lorry’ for ‘truck’
‘flat’ for ‘apartment’
56)Which term refers to secret or coded language often used by specific groups?
Slang
Colloquialism
Argot
Jargon
Formalism
57)Why might idioms be difficult for non-native speakers?
They are grammatical errors
They are too long
They are always written
They do not follow literal meaning
They are dialectal forms
58)What is lexicography?
A theory of literary translation
The science of sentence analysis
The study of historical phonetics
A method of teaching grammar
The science of dictionary-compiling
59)Descriptive Lexicology …
discusses the origin of various words, their change and development
devotes its attention to the description of the characteristic in the vocabulary of a given language
deals with the vocabulary of a given language of a given stage of development
deals with casual relations between the way the language works and develops and the facts of social life
studies the correlation between the vocabularies of two or more languages
60)A suffix is…
a common element of words within a word-family
a derivational morpheme preceding the root
an affix placed within the word
a derivational morpheme following the stem and forming a new derivative
a connotational meaning
61)Homographs are words identical in …
sound-form but different in spelling
spelling, but different in sound and meaning
sound-form but different in meaning
meaning but different in spelling
sound and spelling
62)Affixation is the formation of words
by changing the root
by adding word-building affixes to stems
by adding derivational affixes to stems
by joining two or more stems together
by combining parts of two words
63)Structurally morphemes fall into …
suffixational morphemes
prefixational morphemes
stem morphemes
free, semi-free, bound, semi-bound morphemes
root morphemes
64) Define the words with native affixes
serious, dangerous
enable, able
freedom, wisdom
accurate, graduate
absent, decent
65) A stem is …
the part of the word that remains unchanged throughout its paradigm
a functional affix
a derivational affix
a prefix
a suffix
66) Affixation, word-composition and conversion are …
minor types of word-building
principal and productive ways of forming new words
non-productive ways of word-formation
morphosyntactically conditioned combinability of words
less known types
67) The connotational meaning is ...
the component of meaning that considers emotive charge and stylistic reference of words
he component of meaning that distinguishes one word from all others containing identical morphemes
the denotational meaning
the component of meaning recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words
he component of structure recurrent in identical sets of general forms of different words
68 ) Every word has two aspects
lexical and grammatical
the outer and the inner
notional and emotional
official and non-official
notional and functional
69) Acronyms are read as ordinary English words.
CID
FDA
UNESCO
SOS
VIP
70) Semasiology is the branch of lexicology that deals with …
the grammatical function of words
the phonemic shape of words
a positional mobility of words within a sentence
differentiation of vocabulary according to the sphere of communication
the study of word meaning
71) Historical Lexicology …
deals with casual relations between the way the language works and develops and the facts of social life
devotes its attention to the description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of the given language
deals with the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of development
discusses the origin of various words, their change and development
studies the correlation between the vocabularies of two or more languages
72) The branch of the study of language concerned with the meaning of words is called
lexicology
phraseology
semasiology
stylistics
morphology
73 ) The words lab and laboratory are different in …
structure
stylistics
meaning
affixation
derivation
74) “Ness” in the word “readiness” is …
free morpheme
bound morpheme
semi-bound morpheme
root-morpheme
semi-free morpheme
75) Choose the correct prefix to the adjectives: experienced, expensive.
-un
-il
-im
-in
-mis
76) Define the type of lexical abbreviation – aphaeresis.
com (computer)
exam (examination)
copter (helicopter)
fancy (fantasy)
maths (mathematics)
77) Affixes which do not give any new coinages are:
merging
productive
non-productive
derived
reduplicative
78) What is a prefix?
a morpheme standing between the roots
a morpheme following the root
a morpheme concluding the word
a morpheme preceding the root
a morpheme which can function independently
79) A word having several meanings is called …
Polysemantic
Polysyllable
Polysyllabic
Monosemantic
Monosyllabic
80) Compound neutral words consist of _____
one root morpheme, one or several affixes and inflexion
two or more root morphemes
one or more root morpheme and an inflexion
two or more root morphemes, one or more affixes and an inflexion
two or more root morphemes, an affix and an inflexion
81) What is allomorph?
a positional variant of a morpheme occurring in a specific environment
an affix placed within a word
an ultimate constituent of a word
an association of a given meaning with a given sound
a common element of words
82) -less, -ful, -ster, -ish are the suffixes:
added to verbal stems
added to adjective stems
added to noun stems
added to adverb stems
added to conjunctions
83) Define the words which contain diminutive suffixes.
poetic, picturesque
heroine, actress
booklet, hanky
cloudy, girlish
funny, sunny
84) Define prefixes which denote repetition or reversal actions.
de-, re-
pre-, over-, inter-, ex-
in-, non-, un-, im-
in-, pre-, dis-, ex-
inter-, re-, no-, im-
85) Define prefixes which denote time, space, degree relations.
inter-, re-, no-, im-
de-, re-, dis-
in-, non-, un-, im-
in-, pre-, dis-, ex-
pre-, over-, inter-, ex-
86) Which of the following words are derived compounds?
refrigerators, appendicitis, violation
overestimate, subdivided, pseudo-compounds
boyfriend, back-formation, wallflower
long-legged, blockbuster, three-wheeled
forget-me-not, information, disagreement
87) The word “statesman” is an example of:
derivational compounds
neutral compounds
syntactic compounds
contracted compounds
morphological compounds
88) Define the adjective-forming affixes:
-ful, -less
-ness
-ship
-hood
-er
89) Define the absolute (root) antonyms:
known – unknown
prewar – postwar
friend – enemy
useful – useless
appear – disappear
90) Define the type of word-building – “conversion”:
burglar
slim (adj) → to slim (verb)
ping – pong
worker
dining-room
91) The word “fridge” is an example of:
shortening
reduplication
sound imitation
back-formation
motivation
92) Acronyms are:
items which are spoken as individual letters
a part of a word which serves for the whole
initialisms which are pronounced as single words
items which contain two identical or very similar constituents
combinations of lexemes which is highly informal in tone
93) Choose the line with the derivational antonyms:
temporary – permanent
slow – fast
correct – incorrect – wrong
appear – disappear
enemy – friend
94) Define the way the following words have been created: life – to live, blood – to bleed, song – to sing:
sound imitation
back-formation
sound interchange
stress interchange
reduplication
95) The words consist of a root and affix or affixes are called …
productives
nucleus
derivatives
shortenings
contractions
96) Define non-root morphemes or inflections
teachers, teacher’s
friend, friendly
active, inactive
please, pleasant
child, childish
97) Sound imitation, reduplication, clipping, abbreviation are …
ways of making up phraseological units
productive ways of word-building
principal ways of word-building
minor types of word-making
ways of changing syntactic pattern and paradigm of words
98) Define the idiomatic compounds with partial changed meaning.
tallboy
butter-fingers
Bluebottle
bluestocking
blackberries
99) Which of the following best illustrates polysemy?
peace – piece
right – write
foot (of a man, of a mountain)
lead (metal) – lead (to guide)
seal – seal
100) Which of the following words are blendings?
ping-pong, topsy-turvy, walkie-talkie
beggar, to burgle, to edit
hanky, nighty, radar
M.P., USA, BBC
Interpol, slimnastics, netizen
101) Define the meaning of the adjective «dull» as «uninteresting».
a dull colour
a dull girl
a dull day
dull eyes
a dull book
102) It is the way of word-building when a word is formed by imitating different sounds
back-formation
blending
sound imitation
compound word
conversion
103) Choose the definition of a phraseological unit
words joined together to make up single self-contained lexical units
functionally and semantically inseparable word-groups
any prepositional or postpositional phrases
the basic unit of a language
the smallest two-facet language unit
104) The American word «fall» is …
Autumn
Winter
Summer
All answers are correct
Spring
105) Lexicography deals with …
the etymological background of the English word stock
the theory and practice of compiling dictionaries
classification of loan words
variants of the English language
the word-making process in English
106) Concept is …
a referent
a sound-form
a meaning
a thought
an object
107) The following definition "coal, n. a black, hard substance that burns and gives off heat" is an entry from…
a dictionary of pronunciation
a bilingual dictionary
an explanatory dictionary
a dictionary of word-frequency
an etymological dictionary
108) Dictionaries of abbreviations, antonyms, borrowings, neologisms are …
general dictionaries
etymological dictionaries
glossaries
special dictionaries
rhyming and thesaurus type of dictionaries
109) The selection of lexical units, an arrangement and setting of the entries is one of the main problems in …
lexicography
phonetics
grammar
phraseology
lexicology
110) A list of words in which the entry words are arranged in alphabetical order starting with their final letters are…
reverse dictionaries
pronouncing dictionaries
usage dictionaries
dictionaries of word frequency
dictionaries of slang
111) Dictionaries of toponyms are…
dictionaries of the most difficult words
general
specialized dictionaries
dictionaries of frequency
explanatory dictionaries
112) Dialect words are …
slang
a peculiar type of word or phrase expressing a definite conception
a variety of a language which prevails in a district, with local peculiarities of vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar
used in everyday conversational speech both by cultivated and uneducated people of all age groups
mainly associated with the printed page
113) Informal words
Learned words
Terms
All answers are correct
Colloquial
Poetic diction
114) Out of sight out of mind is …
euphemism
a proverb
taboo
a cliché
free word-group
115) Vinogradov's classification of phraseological units is based on
the theory of word equivalence
the criterion of idiomaticity
the criterion of structure
the criterion of fixed context
the criterion of function
116) What does the term bluestocking refer to?
A historical uniform
An educated woman
A flower
A cleaning cloth
A type of clothing
117) What does a lady-killer refer to?
A fictional character
A horror story figure
A man who is very attractive to women
A criminal
A murderer of women
118) What word from the list refers to a dessert?
Ladybird
Tallboy
Bluebottle
Ladyfinger
Butterfingers
119) What do we call abbreviation where the beginning of the word is clipped?
Aphaeresis
Blend
Apocope
Syncope
Telescoping
120) What word is an example of medial shortening (syncope)?
Disco
Maths
Fridge
Copter
Phone
121) Which word is an example of both initial and final shortening?
Phone
Fridge
Lab
Disco
Mart
122) What is the result of abbreviation by sound imitation?
Clipping
Apocope
Onomatopoeia
Acronym
Conversion
123) What characterizes familiar colloquial language?
Based on Old English
More emotional and careless than literary colloquial
Used in professional communication
Always grammatically correct
Used in legal documentation
124 <question> What type of words are slang words typically?
Technical and professional
Expressive and ironical
Neutral and academic
Traditional and respectful
Formal and polite
125) Sound imitation is ...
lexical abbreviation
reduction of a word to one of its parts
the naming of an action or thing by a more or less exact reproduction of a sound association with it
opposition of words or word-forms
the derivation of new words by subtraction of a real or supposed affix from existing words
126) What are the main ways of word-building in English?
affixation, composition, conversion
grammatical, lexical, bound morphemes
sound-interchange, sound imitation
blends, morphemes, back-formation
words-meanings, stress- interchange
127) The word “lady-killer” is …
derivational compound
simple compound
contracted compound
morphological compound
syntactical compound
128) The word “blackbird” is ___
syntactical compound
simple neutral compound
contracted compound
derivational compound
morphological compound
129) Cross out non-productive type of word-building
Back-formation
Word-compounds
Affixation
Shortening
Conversion
130) What is practical lexicography concerned with?
Creating fictional languages
Explaining grammar rules
Compiling, writing, and editing dictionaries
Translating old texts
Studying ancient manuscripts
131) What does theoretical lexicography develop?
Guidelines for essay writing
New grammar rules
A method for literary translation
Theories of dictionary components and structures
Techniques of phonological analysis
132) What does user research in metalexicography focus on?
Teaching methodologies
Syntax patterns in English
Phonological development
Dictionary use and user needs
Grammar in historical texts
133) What is the goal of dictionary criticism?
Translating idioms
Analyzing literature
Studying pronunciation
Assessing and reviewing dictionaries
Comparing writing styles
134) What does systematic dictionary research aim at?
Explaining spelling rules
Creating new principles and improving future dictionaries
Building conversation exercises
Teaching English phonetics
Creating poetry
135) Which language had the first known dictionary?
Arabic
English
Greek
Latin
Chinese
136) What was the first volume of the Oxford English Dictionary called?
Learner’s Lexicon
Modern Usage Dictionary
General English Dictionary
Historical Dictionary
NED (New English Dictionary)
137 ) Who compiled the first etymological dictionary of English?
A.S. Hornby
Samuel Johnson
Philip Gove
Nathaniel Bailey
Robert Cawdrey
138) What is the most famous American dictionary called?
American Dictionary of the English Language
New Webster’s Dictionary
Harvard Word List
Cambridge English Dictionary
Concise Oxford Dictionary
139) Define the classification of PU: “phraseological unities”
a white feather
baker’s dozen
red tape
a blue stocking
to make a mountain out of a molehill
140) What is the meaning of the underlined parts of words?: monolingual, monosyllable, monologue
each
All
One
Every
Many
141) What is the dominant synonym?
a central word which meaning is equal and common to all the synonymic group
ready-made, stable synonyms
it is the figurative meaning of the synonymic set
indecent, rude, too direct meaning of synonymic group
connotational meaning is equal to denotational
142) Cross out non-somatic idiom
to be good hand at something
to keep your head
to live from hand to mouth
to stick to one’s word
to pay through the nose
143) Point out the informal style of speech
literary
professional terminology
learned words
official letter
dialect words
144) Define the American English word
Lift
Flat
Torch
Candy
Rubbish
145) Phraseological units differ from free word-groups in …
their reproducibility in speech, idiomaticity and structural stability
their structural stability and usability in the direct sense
their ability to function as independent units of communication
their reproducibility in speech and structural variability
their ability to function as word-equivalents
146) Cockney is …
Slang
The dialect is spoken by educated person
The regional dialect of London
The official language of Great Britain
Jargon
147) Find the word which is colloquial in style:
Ancestor
Mother
Father
Dad
Parent
148) Vinogradov's classification of phraseological units is based on
the criterion of structure
the criterion of idiomaticity
the criterion of fixed context
the theory of word equivalence
the criterion of function
149) Find the synonymic dominant in the following series of synonyms: shine, flash, blaze, gleam, glister
to blaze
to glister
to flash
to shine
to gleam
150) Choose the line with the synonymous phraseological units
to wash one’s dirty linen in public; jack in the box; Jack of all trades
in the soup; in the pink; under a cloud
through thin and thin; by hook or by crook; for love or money
to show one's cards; to look through one's fingers; to show the white feather
to take the bull by the horns; to wear one's heart on one's sleeve; to kill the goose that laid the golden eggs
151) The following words hell, damn, shut up are…
slang
synonyms
dialectical words
vulgarisms
terms
152) Which words are associated with the printed page?
Colloquialisms
Dialectisms
Learned
Slang
All answers are correct
153) Define the word with American English spelling.
encyclopaedia
specialty, cozy
favourite
centre, theatre
honour, colour
154) A stereotyped expression mechanically reproduced in speech is a…
phraseological unit
set-expression
idiom
proverb
cliché
155) Phraseology studies …
graphical abbreviations
synonyms and antonyms
phrasal verbs
free word-combinations and phraseological units
lexical homonyms
