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Worksheets8th Grade Science EOG Practice
Total questions: 52
Worksheet time: 26mins
Fill in the blank: ______ are the basic building blocks of matter; very small, made of protons (+), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (-).
Atoms
Molecules
Cells
Compounds
Fill in the blank: ______ are pure substances made of only one type of atom; cannot be broken into simpler substances.
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
Solutions
Fill in the blank: ______ are substances made of two or more elements chemically combined; can only be separated by chemical changes.
Compounds
Mixtures
Elements
Solutions
Fill in the blank: ______ are physical combinations of two or more substances that keep their own properties; can be separated by physical methods (filtration, sifting, evaporation).
Mixtures
Elements
Compounds
Atoms
Which type of mixture is described as substances that are not uniform; different parts can be seen (e.g., granite, soil, trail mix)?
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
Which type of mixture is described as substances that are uniform and evenly mixed; parts cannot be seen (e.g., salt water, air, vinegar)?
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
Atoms differ by number of ______ (atomic number), which defines the element.
protons
neutrons
electrons
isotopes
The Periodic Table arranges elements by increasing ______ number (left to right = periods).
atomic
mass
group
valence
Elements in the same ______ (column) have similar chemical properties.
group
period
row
block
Reactivity ______ moving left to right across a period.
decreases
increases
remains the same
doubles
Which of the following is a property of metals?
Poor conductors, dull, brittle
Good conductors, shiny, malleable, ductile
Properties of both metals and nonmetals
None of the above
Which of the following is a property of nonmetals?
Good conductors, shiny, malleable, ductile
Poor conductors, dull, brittle
Properties of both metals and nonmetals
None of the above
Metalloids have properties of both ______ and ______, and are often semiconductors.
metals, nonmetals
solids, liquids
gases, liquids
acids, bases
What is a habitat?
Where an organism lives.
A type of food.
A method of movement.
A kind of weather.
What is a niche?
The role of an organism in its environment.
A type of habitat found only in rainforests.
A specific food that an animal eats.
A type of shelter built by animals.
What is an ecosystem?
Living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) parts interacting.
Only animals living together in a forest.
A group of rocks and minerals.
A single plant growing in a pot.
Populations are groups of organisms of the same ______ in an area.
species
family
genus
ecosystem
What is a density-dependent factor?
Affect populations only when density is high (competition, predation, disease).
Affect populations regardless of their density (natural disasters, weather).
Are factors that only influence abiotic components of an ecosystem.
Are factors that only occur in aquatic environments.
What is a density-independent factor?
Affect all populations regardless of size (weather, natural disasters, pollution).
Only affect populations when they reach a certain size.
Are caused by competition for resources within a population.
Depend on the genetic makeup of individuals in a population.
What does coexistence & cooperation mean in ecosystems?
Organisms working together (e.g., ants in a colony).
Organisms competing for the same resources.
Organisms living in complete isolation.
Organisms ignoring each other's presence.
What is competition in ecosystems?
Species competing for the same resources.
Species living in different habitats.
Species helping each other survive.
Species avoiding each other.
What is predation in ecosystems?
Predator-prey relationship regulates populations.
Plants making their own food through sunlight.
Animals living together without affecting each other.
Transfer of energy from plants to herbivores.
Which type of symbiosis is described as 'one benefits, other is harmed'?
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Neutralism
Which type of symbiosis is described as 'both benefit'?
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
Amensalism
Which type of symbiosis is described as 'one benefits, other is unaffected'?
Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism
Competition
Who are producers in an ecosystem?
Organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis (plants).
Animals that eat other animals.
Organisms that break down dead matter.
Organisms that feed on producers.
Who are consumers in an ecosystem?
Organisms that eat other organisms to get energy.
Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight.
Non-living components of the environment.
Organisms that break down dead material for nutrients.
Who are decomposers in an ecosystem?
Organisms that break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients.
Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight.
Animals that hunt and eat other animals.
Plants that provide shelter to animals.
What are trophic levels?
Position in a food chain (producers at bottom, consumers above).
A type of ecosystem found in deserts.
A measurement of population density.
A process of photosynthesis in plants.
What are food webs?
Multiple interconnected food chains; arrows show energy flow.
A single straight line showing only one predator and one prey.
A diagram showing only producers and consumers.
A list of animals found in a habitat.
What is the Water Cycle?
Movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation.
A process where rocks are formed from lava.
The cycle of carbon through the atmosphere.
The process of photosynthesis in plants.
What is the Nitrogen Cycle?
Nitrogen moves from atmosphere to soil (via lightning or bacteria), to plants, to animals, and back to atmosphere.
Nitrogen moves only between plants and animals, never involving the atmosphere.
Nitrogen is produced by plants and consumed only by animals, never returning to the atmosphere.
Nitrogen moves from the soil directly to the sun and back to the earth.
What is the Carbon Cycle?
Plants absorb CO₂ for photosynthesis; animals respire CO₂ back into the air.
It is the process by which water evaporates from oceans and forms clouds.
It is the movement of nitrogen through the atmosphere, soil, and living organisms.
It is the process of rocks breaking down into soil over time.
What is Genetic Variation?
Differences in DNA among individuals in a population.
The process of cell division in plants.
A type of genetic disorder caused by mutations.
The similarity of traits among all individuals in a species.
What is Adaptation (in the context of genetic variation and adaptation)?
Traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in their environment.
A sudden change in an organism's DNA sequence.
The process of losing genetic material over time.
A behavior that is learned after birth.
Populations with more genetic variation can adapt better to changes.
True
False
What is Overproduction according to the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection (Charles Darwin)?
More offspring are produced than survive.
All offspring are identical to their parents.
Only the strongest offspring are born.
Offspring do not compete for resources.
What is meant by Variation in the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
Differences in traits exist among individuals.
All individuals are identical in every way.
Variation means a change in environment only.
Variation refers to the extinction of species.
What is Selection in the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
Individuals with favorable traits survive and reproduce more.
All individuals survive regardless of traits.
Only the largest animals survive.
Traits are chosen randomly each generation.
What is Adaptation in the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
Beneficial traits become common over time.
All traits are inherited regardless of usefulness.
Organisms change because they want to.
Adaptation happens in a single generation.
What is Evolution according to the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
Gradual change in species over time.
Sudden appearance of new species overnight.
All individuals in a species changing at once.
Species remaining unchanged forever.
What are Homologous Structures?
Similar structure, different functions; evidence of common ancestry (e.g., human arm and bird wing).
Structures with similar functions but different origins (e.g., insect wing and bird wing).
Structures that have no evolutionary significance.
Structures that are identical in all organisms.
What are Analogous Structures?
Different structure, similar function; evolved independently (e.g., insect wing and bird wing).
Same structure, same function; inherited from a common ancestor (e.g., human arm and whale flipper).
Same structure, different function; evolved independently (e.g., bat wing and butterfly wing).
Different structure, different function; inherited from a common ancestor (e.g., fish fin and bird beak).
What is the meaning of the word 'Eloquence'?
Fluent language skills
Lack of confidence
Physical strength
Mathematical ability
What part of speech is the word 'Chronic'?
Adjective
Noun
Verb
Adverb
What is the sharp front part of a ship called?
Prow
Stern
Deck
Hull
Which word means 'Deep, rich sound or voice'?
Resonant
Fragile
Silent
Shrill
What does 'Indignant' mean?
Annoyed
Joyful
Calm
Excited
What is the act of being willing called?
Compliance
Resistance
Negligence
Defiance
Which word describes someone who is unnecessarily or unreasonably angry?
Temperamental
Generous
Optimistic
Calm
What is another word for a canopy or covering?
Umbrellas
Tables
Shoes
Books
What does 'Infinity' mean?
Endless
Limited
Circular
Temporary
