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Chapter 3 A&P I

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is not a component of the Cell Theory?

a)

all living things are made of cells

b)

cells are the basic unit of life

c)

all cells come from pre-existing cells

d)

all cells contain a nucleus

2.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding the plasma membrane?

a)

plasma membrane consists only of phospholipids

b)

cholesterol is a stabilizing steriod found in the plasma membrane of animal cells

c)

the plasma membrane is amphipathic

d)

the plasma membrane is semipermeable so some substances can pass

3.

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?

a)

head

b)

tail

4.

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?

a)

head

b)

tail

5.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE concerning cell membrane proteins?

a)

integral proteins allow for the transport of molecules into or out of the cell

b)

peripheral proteins allow for receptors to bins or cell-cell recohnition

c)

they can act as catalysts for a reaction

d)

serve as the energy source for the cell

6.

The plasma membrane is

a)

selctively permeable

b)

impermeable

c)

freely permeable

7.

Which of the following molecules would be able to pass through the cell membrane?

a)

small, nonpolar molecules

b)

dissolved gases

c)

small, polar molecules

d)

large molecules

8.

Which method of transport does NOT require energy?

a)

passive

b)

active

9.

Which method of transport requires energy?

a)

passive

b)

active

10.

Which method of transport moves substances against a concentration gradient?

a)

passive

b)

active

11.

Which method of transport moves substances down a concentration gradient?

a)

passive

b)

active

12.

When small, nonpolar molecules move across the membrane from high to low concentrations?

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

active transport

13.

When small, nonpolar molecules use channel proteins to cross the membrane from high to low concentrations?

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

active transport

14.

When water moves from high solute to low solute concentrations?

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

active transport

15.

The ability of a solution to change the shape of cells by altering their internal water volume is known as

a)

hypotonic

b)

isotonic

c)

hypertonic

d)

tonicity

e)

osmosis

16.

Match the following tonicity definitions:

a)

higher solute concentration outside of the cell

1.

hypertonic

b)

same solute concentration outside of the cell

2.

isotonic

c)

lower solute concentration outside of the cell

3.

hypotonic

17.

When the cell experiences no net loss or gain of water it is in an _________ solution.

a)

isotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

hypotonic

18.

If a cell is placed into a hypotonic environment, water will move into the cell causing the cell?

a)

lyse

b)

crenate

c)

experience no change

d)

shrivel

19.

If a cell is placed into a hypertonic environment, water will move out the cell causing the cell?

a)

lyse

b)

crenate

c)

experience no change

d)

burst

20.

Identify the environment that the following red blood cells (RBC) are placed in:

a)

RBC contains 25% NaCl and is placed in plasma that contains 10% NaCl

1.

hypotonic

b)

RBC contains 15% NaCl and is placed in plasma that contains 15% NaCl

2.

isotonic

c)

RBC contains 15% NaCl and is placed in plasma that contains 30% NaCl

3.

hypertonic

21.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are suspended in a fluid called plasma. If the RBCs contain 70% NaCl and the plasma contains 45% NaCl. How will osmosis occur?

a)

Water will diffuse from the plasma into the RBCs, causing the cells to swell and lyse.

b)

Water will diffuse from the RBCs into the plasma, causing the cells to crenate.

c)

Water will diffuse from the plasma into the RBCs, causing the cells to crenate.

d)

Water will move at an equal rate between the RBCs and plasma.

22.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are suspended in a fluid called plasma. If the RBCs contain 10% NaCl and the plasma contains 35% NaCl. How will osmosis occur?

a)

Water will diffuse from the plasma into the RBCs, causing the cells to swell and lyse.

b)

Water will diffuse from the RBCs into the plasma, causing the cells to crenate.

c)

Water will diffuse from the plasma into the RBCs, causing the cells to crenate.

d)

Water will move at an equal rate between the RBCs and plasma.

23.

Which of the following are modes of active transport?

a)

protein pumps

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

osmosis

24.

Which of the following is NOT a method of endocytosis?

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

receptor-mediated endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

25.

Match the following methods of active transport:

a)

use of protein carriers to move substances from low to high concentrations

1.

protein pump

b)

brings fluid or small particles into the cell

2.

pinocytosis

c)

brings large particles into the cell

3.

phagocytosis

d)

removes substances from the cell

4.

exocytosis

e)

when a molecule bind to a receptor and causes the cell membrane to pinch inwards creating a vesicle

5.

receptor-mediated endocytosis

26.

The jelly-like substance between nuclear membrane and cell membrane is known as the ​ (a)   . The cytoplasm contains a fluid medium surrounding membrane-bound organelles that is mostly water ad some dissolved solutes known as ​ (b)   . The cytoplasm also contains structures that are surrounded by membranes and have a distinct function in the cell known as ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
cytoplasm
cytosol
organelles
27.

Match the following non-membranous organelles:

a)

form the spindle apparatus during cell division; paired organelles composed of nine triplets of microtubules

1.

centrioles

b)

the cytoplasm surrounding the centrioles

2.

centrosome

c)

projections of the cell membrane that increase surface area to enhance absorptive ability

3.

microvilli

d)

synthesize proteins

4.

ribosomes

28.

Match the following components of cytoskeleton:

a)

hair-like extensions of the cell membrane that move substances in one direction

1.

cilia

b)

long whip-like projection used to propel the cell

2.

flagella

c)

thin filaments made of actin that provide structural support to the cell

3.

microfilaments

d)

filaments made of keratin that help hold cells together, provide strength, and move materials in the cell

4.

intermediate filaments

e)

thickest filament that provide the framework for the movement of organelles and make up structures like the centrioles or flagella

5.

microtubules

29.

Which of the following organelles has ribosomes attached to its surface and functions to modify proteins and make phospholipids?

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

ribosomes

d)

golgi apparatus

30.

Which of the following organelles synthesizes lipids and steroid hormones, detoxifies medications/poisons, and stores calcium?

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

ribosomes

d)

golgi apparatus

31.

Which of the following organelles is a series of flattened membranes that sorts, packages, and tags molecules so that they get to the correct destination?

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

ribosomes

d)

golgi apparatus

32.

A membranous sac that can store and transport molecules and has the ability to fuse with other membranes in the cell system is?

a)

vesicle

b)

vacuole

c)

peroxisome

d)

lysosome

e)

mitochondria

33.

A relatively large, membranous sac that can store and transport molecules but it cannot fuse with membranes?

a)

vesicle

b)

vacuole

c)

peroxisome

d)

lysosome

e)

mitochondria

34.

A small rounded organelle with a single membrane that degrades organic compounds and neutralizes toxic compounds from cellular reactions?

a)

vesicle

b)

vacuole

c)

peroxisome

d)

lysosome

e)

mitochondria

35.

A small organelle that contains digestive enzymes that breakdown large biomolecules or worn out organelles?

a)

vesicle

b)

vacuole

c)

peroxisome

d)

lysosome

e)

mitochondria

36.

Which of the following organelles synthesizes ATP?

a)

mitochondria

b)

golgi apparatus

c)

smooth ER

d)

rough ER

e)

nucleus

37.

The control center of the cell is the?

a)

mitochondria

b)

golgi apparatus

c)

smooth ER

d)

rough ER

e)

nucleus

38.

The nucleus contains _________ that has our genetic instructions for development and function of all living things.

a)

DNA

b)

nucleolus

c)

nuclear envelope

d)

nuclear pores

e)

RNA

39.

Match the following terms associated with the nucleus

a)

double bilayer membrane

1.

nuclear envelope

b)

spans both layers of the envelope to allow for the passage of proteins, RNA, solutes, etc

2.

nuclear pores

c)

site of ribosomal subunit synthesis

3.

nucleolus

d)

threads of DNA and proteins

4.

chromatin

e)

condensed chromatin

5.

chromosomes

40.

Which of the following are proteins that DNA is wrapped around?

a)

histones

b)

chromatin

c)

chromosomes

d)

DNA

e)

nucleosomes

41.

Which structure is made of DNA strands that are loosely coiled around histones?

a)

histones

b)

chromatin

c)

chromosomes

d)

DNA

e)

nucleosomes

42.

Reorder the following structures of DNA from condensed to unwrapped to its smallest unit:

a)

chromosome

b)

chromatin

c)

nucleosome

d)

double helix

e)

nucleotide

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
43.

Match the following information storage terms:

a)

instructions for every protein in the body

1.

DNA

b)

instructions for one protein

2.

gene

c)

language of DNA

3.

genetic code

44.

Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide?

a)

nitrogenous base

b)

sugar

c)

phosphate

d)

amino acid

45.

What form of replication takes place when DNA is replicated?

a)

conservative replication

b)

semiconservative replication

c)

dispersive replication

d)

non-conservative replication

46.

Match the following stages of DNA replication with their description:

a)

helicase unzips the double helix

1.

initiation

b)

DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to create new strands

2.

elongation

c)

when two complementary strands are bound to template strands

3.

termination

47.

Reorder the following steps of the central dogma:

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

protein

1)
2)
3)
48.

When a gene is copied onto a mRNA molecule?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

d)

genetic code

49.

When mRNA is decoded and polypeptide is synthesized?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

d)

genetic code

50.

Which of the following takes place in the nucleus?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

51.

Which of the following takes place in the cytoplasm?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

52.

Match the following stages of transcription:

a)

when a promoter is bound and DNA is uncoiled

1.

initiation

b)

RNA polymerase reads DNA creating mRNA strand

2.

elongation

c)

stop signal is reached, and mRNA detaches from the DNA

3.

termination

53.

Which of the following is added to the beginning and end of the mRNA strand to protect it when it enters the cytoplasm?

a)

5' cap

b)

poly A tail

c)

intron

d)

exon

e)

RNA splicing

54.

Which of the following is removed when RNA is processed?

a)

5' cap

b)

poly A tail

c)

intron

d)

exon

e)

RNA splicing

55.

Match the following stages of translation:

a)

when a start codon is read and machinery assembles; tRNA carrying methionine binds

1.

initiation

b)

tRNAs continue to bring in amino acids and binding them to the polypeptide chain

2.

elongation

c)

stop codon is reached and all components separate

3.

termination

56.

The body cells contain the whole genome and are known as

a)

somatic cells

b)

gametes

c)

zygotes

d)

haploid cells

57.

Cells that contain 2 copies of each chromosome are known as

a)

diploid

b)

haploid

c)

somatic

d)

gametes

58.

Match the following stages of interphase

a)

growth and normal metabolic function

1.

G1

b)

DNA replication occurs

2.

S

c)

continued growth and preparation for mitosis

3.

G2

d)

temporary or permanent rest

4.

G0

59.

Reorder the following stages of the cell cycle

a)

interphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokinesis

1)
2)
3)
60.

Reorder the following stages of mitosis and cytokinesis

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

e)

cytokinesis

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
61.

Match the following stages of the cell cycle:

a)

centrioles move to the poles; nucleus breaks down; chromatin condenses into chromosomes; microtubules form

1.

prophase

b)

chromatids line up in the middle

2.

metaphase

c)

chromatids separate and move to the poles

3.

anaphase

d)

nucleus reforms; chromosomes unwind; microtubules disappeare; cleavage furrow forms

4.

telophase

e)

cytoplasm splits into two cells

5.

cytokinesis

62.

Which of the following checkpoints is when the cell determines if it is ready for DNA synthesis?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

G0

63.

Which of the following checkpoints is when the cell determines if it is prepared to divide?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

G0

64.

Which of the following checkpoints is when the cell checks that the sister chromatids are attached to the centromeres and the chromatids are at the metaphase plate?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

G0

65.

When the control mechanisms of cell division fail, leading to excessive cell division it can cause?

a)

cancer

b)

growth spurts

c)

healing

d)

cell differentiation

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