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Biology Regents Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 3hrs 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How are an individual's chromosomes grouped when examining a karyotype?

a)

As single chromosomes

b)

Pairs

c)

Triplets

d)

Grouped in different ways depending on the animal

2.

What strategy allows lions to be more successful and effective hunters, and why?

a)

Hunt smaller prey alone - they can do it faster alone, still get enough energy from the prey

b)

Hunt larger prey in groups - they can share the energy cost of hunting, gain more energy & hunt less often

3.

You recently determined paternity in a group of lions. Use the data below to answer the following questions. 

Choose the ONLY set of alleles that must have come from the mother of cub 712?

a)

CMSE

b)

COUE

c)

CMUG

d)

COSG

4.

Why would it be beneficial for a lion like Lulu to help raise cubs that are not her own offspring?

(select all that apply)

a)

the females in a pride are sisters and mothers, so she shares genetics with her nieces, nephews, etc.

b)

taking care of the cubs frees other females to hunt, which helps the whole pride get enough calories

c)

by taking care of the cubs, Lulu will have additional free time to hunt her prey

d)

she will lose additional calories by nursing extra cubs

5.

What happens when two species have overlapping niches?

a)

The two species will learn how to cooperate with each other.

b)

Increase in population size for both species.

c)

Competition for resources and potential decrease in population size or loss of one species in that ecosystem.

d)

There is no effect or impact on the population size or survival of either species.

6.

This laboratory procedure is known as

a)

CLONING

b)

gel electrophoresis

c)

chromatography

d)

use of a dichotomous key

7.

This technique used to analyze DNA involves the

a)

synthesis of new DNA strands from subunits

b)

separation of DNA fragments based on size

c)

production of genetically engineered DNA molecules

d)

removal of defective genes from DNA

8.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
9.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
10.

Describe the trend shown in the graph.

a)

As the volume decreases, the mass stays the same.

b)

As the mass decreases, the volume increases.

c)

As the volume increases, the mass increases.

d)

As the mass increases, the volume stays the same.

11.

What conclusions can you draw from this graph?

a)

The deer population went down over time.

b)

The deer population went up over time.

c)

The deer population went up quickly, then down, but then stayed the same.

d)

There are less deer because of hunters

12.

Why did the percentage of elephants that were tuskless increase over time?

a)

More elephants decided to be tuskless

b)

The tuskless elephants were able to reproduce and pass the trait down

c)

More elephants had their tusks fall off

d)

The tuskless elephants all died

13.
Individuals that are better able to cope with the challenges of their environment tend to  
a)
Decrease in population over time.
b)
Leave more offspring than those less suited to the environment.
c)
Leave fewer offspring than those less suited to the environment.
14.

The study of inheritance patterns and variation in organisms is called _________________.

a)

gene

b)

genetics

c)

meiosis

d)

hybrid

15.

Characteristics that can be inherited are called ________.

Ex: Eye color, hair color, height, etc.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

trait

16.

A gene is:

a)

a part or segment of DNA that codes for a heritable trait

b)

traits inherited from the parents

c)

the DNA in a cell organized by size and staining pattern

d)

a threadlike structure of DNA packaged with proteins

17.

allele

a)

alternate forms of a gene/trait. Ex: blue eyes, brown eyes, green eyes.

b)

the DNA in a cell organized by size and staining pattern

c)

coiled up DNA

18.

A genotype is

a)

a sequence of DNA that codes for a heritable trait

b)

the physical expression of the genes. What we see (red hair, blue eyes, etc)

c)

the genetic traits that an individual inherited from their parents. (Ee, DD, Bb)

19.

homozygous

a)

having no alleles for a particular gene

b)

having identical (the same) alleles for a particular gene

c)

having different alleles for a particular gene

20.

Look at the genotype data: Why does each lion have two alleles for each gene?

a)

organisms inherit (receive) one allele from mom and one allele from dad

b)

organisms have two dominant alleles for every gene

c)

organisms have two alleles in case one is not inherited correctly

d)

organisms inherit both alleles from their mother

21.

What trophic level does the snake belong to?

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

22.

Baby genotype: C/D

Mother genotype: A/C

Father genotype: C/D

Which allele did the FATHER give to the baby?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

23.

What is the monomer of proteins?

a)

monosaccharide

b)

glycerol

c)

amino acid

d)

nucleotide

24.

Cellulose is a type of _______ that is difficult to digest.

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

25.

Which of the following elements are found in carbohydrates? Select all that are present.

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

26.

Select the elements that are found within proteins.

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

27.

Which trophic level is made up by plants?

a)

Producers

b)

Primary (1st) Consumers

c)

Secondary (2nd) Consumers

d)

Tertiary (3rd) Consumers

28.

Which trophic level is made up by herbivores? 

a)

Producers

b)

Primary (1st) Consumers

c)

Secondary (2nd) Consumers

29.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
30.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
31.

Which type of consumer would most likely have the largest cecum necessary for digesting tough plant material?

a)

Herbivore

b)

Carnivore

c)

Omnivore

d)

Detritovore

32.

Which groups of lions show a closer genetic relationship?

a)

Tigers and the Sabi Sands lions

b)

Kalahari and Umfolozi

c)

Fannie Roberts and Etosha

33.

This data is showing ...

a)

a karyotype, showing all of the lions chromosomes

b)

a phylogenetic tree, showing how groups of lions are related

c)

a genotype, showing the combination of alleles a lion is carrying

d)

geographic data, showing the location of multiple prides of lions

34.

Gel Electrophoresis separates molecules by

a)

Odor

b)

Color

c)

Size

d)

Atom

35.
Which two bear species are most closely related?
a)
Bear 1 and Bear 2
b)
Bear 1 and Bear 3
c)
Bear 2 and Bear 3
d)
There’s no way to tell
36.

The sequence that best illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem is

a)

sunlight → plant → rabbit → wolf

b)

wolf → rabbit → plant → sunlight

37.

Where do herbivores get the nitrogen they need to make proteins and DNA?

a)

The soil

b)

Carnivores

c)

Detritivores

d)

Producers

38.

What do the arrows in a food web represent?

a)

mass

b)

energy flow

c)

matter

d)

organisms

39.

What happens as you move higher in the energy pyramid?

a)

more organisms

b)

fewer organisms

c)

number of organisms does not change

d)

organisms die

40.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
41.

A rock

a)

Biotic (living)

b)

Abiotic (non-living)

42.

Zebra

a)

Biotic (living)

b)

Abiotic (non-living)

43.

Temperature

a)

Biotic (living)

b)

Abiotic (non-Living)

44.

water

a)

biotic (livng)

b)

Abiotic (non-living)

45.
Over time, the climate of an island became drier, which resulted in changes to the populations of various island finch species. Finch populations with a certain beak shape thrived, while those not having that beak shape decreased. Which of the following describes a necessary condition for these changes in the finch populations to occur?
a)
fewer mutations
b)
limited food resources
c)
limited beak variations
d)
overproduction of offspring
46.
If an organism can't adapt fast enough, this might happen.
a)
hibernate
b)
stay the same
c)
live longer
d)
become extinct
47.
What can happen to a species over time if some of the organisms have an advantage?
a)
The population will decrease
b)
The population will become extinct
c)
The population will slowly increase
48.

What is a keystone species?

a)

A species that helps to hold an ecosystem together

b)

A species that lives in or around rocks

c)

Keys and stones have nothing to do with ecology

d)

A keystone isn't a living thing, it's just a stone

49.
What gas does the process of photosynthesis release into the atmosphere?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
nitrogen
50.
organelle where photosynthesis occurs is the
a)
mitochondria
b)
ribosome
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
51.
how do you obtain energy
a)
photosynthesis
b)
growing
c)
breathing
d)
cellular respiration
52.
What is the name of the simple sugar that is produced in photosynthesis?
a)
Sucrose
b)
Dextrose
c)
Glucose
d)
Lactose
53.

Where do plants get the energy for photosynthesis to take place?

a)

nutrients in the soil

b)

the sun

c)

chlorophyll

d)

bee pollination

54.

During what phase of Mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the Middle

a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Telophase

d)

Anaphase

55.

PMAT helps us remember the correct order of the phases of Mitosis. Which of the following has the phases of Mitosis in the correct Order

a)

Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase

c)

Anaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Telophase

d)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

56.

In which phase of Mitosis do the Chromosomes pull Apart

a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

57.

What is the purpose of Mitosis?

a)

Growth of an organism and Repair of damaged tissue

b)

To help the body get rid of extra cells

c)

To increase the amount of classwork you have to do

d)

To get rid of the nucleus

58.
What do the cells look like at the end of mitosis?
a)
different from original cell
b)
similar to the original cell
c)
identical to the original cell
d)
none of these
59.

Two replicated cells split from each other and are able to move on their own.

a)

Metaphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Telophase

60.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
61.
Which of the following is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
62.

An organism's physical appearance or visible traits. (what it looks like)

a)

phenotype

b)

genotype

63.

B = brown fur b = white fur

In the Punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

64.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
65.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
66.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

67.

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:

a)

Male

b)

Female

c)

No chromosomal abnormalities

d)

Trisomy 18

68.
Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.
a)
female
b)
male
69.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
70.

What would happen if there was a blockage at X, as shown in the diagram above?

a)

No sperm could be made

b)

No sperm would be able to come out when he ejaculates

c)

The sperm would get too hot and die

d)

Sperm would build up in the testes and burst

71.

Which tube carries both urine and semen out of the body?

a)

E

b)

G

c)

C

d)

H

72.

Where does fertilization take place?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

73.

Where do the walls become thick with blood to help the baby develop?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

74.

What is the function of A"

a)

It protects the baby

b)

Where the mother's blood flows directly into the fetus's body

c)

Where exchange of nutrients and gases take place between the mother and fetus

d)

The mother's and baby's blood mix together

75.

Where does the woman produce her eggs and the female hormones?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

76.

What would happen if this blockage occurred as shown in the diagram above?

a)

She would not be able to produce any eggs

b)

The baby would develop normally in the fallopian tube

c)

It would prevent the fertilization of the egg by the sperm

d)

She would have twins

77.

What does IVF stand for?

a)

In vitro fertilisation

b)

Insert viable foetus

c)

Internal variable fertilisation

d)

Internal vitro fertilisation

78.

The mother's and fetus' blood...

a)

mix in the placenta

b)

are the same blood type

c)

exchange nutrients and waste by diffusion in the placenta

d)

are transported through the umbilical cord

79.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Ovary

1.

A

b)

Fallopian tube

2.

B

c)

uterus

3.

C

d)

cervix

4.

D

e)

vagina

5.

E

80.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Sperm duct

1.

A

b)

urethra

2.

B

c)

Penis

3.

C

d)

prostate gland

4.

D

e)

testes

5.

E

81.

A human body (somatic) cell usually has how many chromosomes?

a)

6

b)

22

c)

4

d)

46

82.
Why do we need meiosis?
a)
To double the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
b)
To halve the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
c)
To triple the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
d)
To not change the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
83.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
84.

The two hormones that maintain the lining of the uterus are:

a)

FSH and estrogen

b)

LH and estrogen

c)

estrogen

d)

Progesterone and estrogen

85.

How does the DNA of the offspring formed from asexual reproduction compare to the parent?

a)

none of the DNA is transferred to the offspring

b)

half of the DNA is transferred to the offspring

c)

the DNA of the offspring is identical to the DNA of the parent

d)

none of these are correct

86.
All living things are made up of...
a)
cells
b)
cell tissues
c)
organ
d)
organ systems
87.

What is the function of an organelle?

a)

to take up space

b)

to carry out a specific function in the cell

c)

to carry out all the functions of a cell

d)

to create new cells

88.

What is the difference the key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

a)

Prokaryotes have a nucleus, Eukaryotes do not

b)

Eukaryotes have a nucleus, Prokaryotes do not

c)

Prokaryotes have a cell membrane, Eukaryotes do not

d)

Eukaryotes have ribosomes, Prokaryotes do not

89.

Humans are multicellular organisms

a)

True

b)

False

90.

a protective layer that surrounds a cell or organelle the controls what may enter or leave

a)

cell

b)

nucleus

c)

cell membrane

d)

cytoplasm

91.
What process does a multi-cellular organism use to replace its damaged body cells?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
replication
d)
transcription
92.

Programed cell death

a)

Chromosome

b)

Metaphase

c)

Interphase

d)

Apoptosis

93.

A clump of cells that divide uncontrollably is called what?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Tumor

c)

Nucleus

d)

Nucleotide

94.
Adenine pairs with...
a)
Thymine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Guanine
d)
It does not pair with any of them
95.

Why is it important to make genetically different cells in Meiosis?

a)

The cell replicates itself in an organized, step-by-step fashion known as the cell cycle.

b)

Why is this even a question?

c)

Creates genetic diversity in the population

d)

It allows sexual reproduction of diploid organisms

96.

Type of cell meiosis occurs in

a)

Both

b)

sex cells

c)

Neither

d)

somatic cells

97.

What advantages do sexually reproducing organisms have over asexually reproducing organisms? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Genetic variation
Genetic stability
98.

Asexual reproduction creates offspring that are

a)

genetically identical to the parent

b)

different from the parent

c)

different from each other

d)

formed by 2 parents

99.

In mitosis, how many cells are made?

a)

2 cells with identical genetic information

b)

2 cells with different genetic information

c)

4 cells with identical genetic information

d)

4 cells with different genetic information

100.

In meiosis, how many cells are made?

a)

2 cells with identical genetic information

b)

2 cells with different genetic information

c)

4 cells with identical information

d)

4 cells with different genetic information

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