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WorksheetsAnatomy and Physiology Content Knowledge
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 22mins
What is the definition of anatomy?
the way the organ systems work together
the structure of the body parts
the function of the body parts
the way the body maintains homeostasis
When a person is standing in the anatomical position, he/she is:
standing upright, arms by the side with palms facing out
standing upright, arms by the side with palms facing the hips
standing, upright arms crossed and hands clenched
standing upright, arms by the side and hands clenched
The definition of physiology is
the way the organ systems work together
the structure of the body parts
the function of the body parts
the way the body maintains homeostasis
An example of homeostasis would be
a person breathing hard and sweating after excercising
a fish swimming around looking for a mate
a dog chasing a cat
a person biting nails due to nervousness
Homeostasis can be defined as
maintenance of a relatively stable external environment
maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
maintenance of healthy organs
maintenance of anatomy and physiology
How are anatomy and physiology related?
function can determine structure
sturcture and function work independently of each other
structure can determine function
function helps form the structure of the body
What do body membranes include?
cutaneous, mucous, muscle , serous
synovial, serous, mucous, cutaneous
synovial, mucous, nervous, striations
cutaneous, serous, synovial, connective
Body membranes are necessary because they
cover, protect and lubricate body surfaces
help regulate body temperature
excrete, absorb, filter and secrete
line the joints
What are some functions of skin?
helps regulate body temperature, excretes waste and secretes fluid to lubricate the cavities
is tightly packed together, contains neurons and is the largest organ by weight
excretes waste, helps regulate body temperature and slows down water loss
slows down water loss, connects and supports structures and contains sensory receptors
Cells in the epithelial tissue are __________ to provide protection.
flattened or cube-shaped
lacking blood vessels
loosely held together
tightly packed together
The two layers of skin are
subcutaneous and dermis
dermis and epidermis
epithelial and dermis
epidermis and subcutaneous
The three types of muscles are
cardiac, smooth, bone
smooth, skeletal, connective
cardiac, osseous, skeletal
cardiac, smooth, skeletal
What are two functions of muscles?
responsible for heartbeat and movement
responsible for heartbeat and distribution of tears
responsible for heartbeat and striations
responsible for heartbeat and propelling contractions
Where are cardiac muscles located?
in the limbs
attached to internal organs
in the heart
in the walls of hollow organs
Smooth muscles are located
in the limbs
attached to internal organs
in the heart
in the walls of hollow organs
Where are skeletal muscles found?
in the limbs
attached to internal organs
in the heart
in the walls of hollow organs
The hinge joint allows this type of movement:
a back and forth motion in one plane
a wide range of motion in three planes, includes rotation
rotation around a central axis
sliding and twisting movement
What type of cell is a bone forming cell?
osteocyte
osteoblast
osteoclast
osteoporosis
what are two components of the appendicular skeleton?
pelvic girdle and vertebral column
lower limbs and skull
upper limbs and pelvic girdle
pectoral girdle and thoracic cage
What are the three functions of the skeletal system?
storing minerals, protection of internal organs and formation of blood cells
movement of the body, formation of osteoblasts and supporting the body's weight
supporting the body's weight, protection of internal organs and mineral storage
all of the above
the first and third options
Where are the phalanges located?
only on the hands
only on the feet
on hands and sometimes feet
on both hands and feet
What is an example of the ball and socket joint?
shoulder and hip joints
joints between the metacarpals and phalanges
elbow and knee joints
joints within wrist and ankles
The two portions that the skeletal system can be divided into are the
appendicular and axiom skeleton
axial and epitome skeleton
axial and appendicular skeleton
appendicular and axis skeleton
The humerus bone is located
in the forearm
in the leg
as part of the axial skeleton
in the arm
A joint that allows back and forth movement in one plane is known as a
hinge joint
condyloid joint
saddle joint
gliding joint
Where in the body are the tibia and fibula located?
in the forearm
in the lower leg
in the thigh
in the arm
One of the basic taste sensations is:
chocolately
sweet
fruity
fishy
One of the basic taste sensations is:
salty
fruity
flowery
chocolately
One of the basic taste sensations is:
fruity
fishy
bitter
uchido
One of the basic taste sensations is:
umami
chocolately
fishy
fruity
One of the basic taste sensations is:
sour
uchido
fruity
flowery
What is the function of the Central Nervous System?
connect CNS to limbs and organs
integrate and analyze information from the environment
increase speed of a nerve impulse
receive information from other neurons
The function of the Myelin Sheath is to
conduct messages and impulses toward cell body
conduct messages and impulses away from cell body
increase the speed of a nerve impulse
decrease the speed of a nerve impulse
A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus is called a
response
effector
receptor
reflex
The part of the nervous system that connects the Central Nervous System to limbs and organs is the
autonomic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
The pathway a reflex arc follows (in order) is
effector, motor neuron, sensory neuron, receptor, interneuron
sensory neuron, receptor, interneuron, effector, motor neuron
receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
receptor, motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron, effector
What mental disorder did John Nash have?
major depression
bipolar disorder
schizophrenia
post-traumatic stress disorder
The dendrite's function is to
conduct messages and impulses toward cell body
conduct messages and impulses away from cell body
increase the speed of a nerve impulse
decrease the speed of a nerve impulse
Vision, smell, taste and hearing are part of the
somatic senses
special senses
autonomic senses
peripheral senses
One difference between the Autonomic Nervous System and the Somatic Nervous System is that
the ANS connects the CNS to heart, intestines and glands while the SNS connects the CNS to skin and skeletal muscles
the SNS connects the CNS to heart, intestines and glands while the ANS connects the CNS to skin and skeletal muscles
the ANS controls conscious activities while the SNS controls unconscious activities
the ANS is a part of the Peripheral Nervous system while the SNS is a part of the Central Nervous System
The brain and spinal cord are part of the
Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
How did Nash figure out (on his own) that he was having hallucinations?
he realized that Charles never talked to any of his friends
he realized that he almost drowned his child
he realized that he did not have anything implanted in his arm
he realized that Charles' niece never got older
What part of the blood does B and C represent?
red blood cells and platelets
plasma and white blood cells
red and white blood cells
platelets and white blood cells
D is point to the
leukocytes
erythrocytes
platelets
plasma
What does A represent in the blood?
leukocytes
erythrocytes
platelets
plasma
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called:
arteries
axons
veins
capillaries
If a person is blood type AB, what antibodies does the person produce?
A and B antibodies
no antibodies
A antibodies
B antibodies
The component of blood that starts the process of blood clotting are
leukocytes
erythrocytes
platelets
plasma
The atria are the
wall-like structures that separate the left and right side of the heart
large arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the body
the lower chambers of the heart
the upper chambers of the heart
Where are the antigens that determine blood type located?
in the plasma
in the cytoplasm of red blood cells
on the surface of red blood cells
on the surface of white blood cells
The side of the heart that contains oxygenated blood is the
right side
left side
in the septum
pulmonary valve
The smallest of the blood vessels are
arteries
venules
arterioles
capillaries
An antigen is
a protein that triggers an immune response when it is not "self"
a protein located in teh cytoplasm of pathogens
a protein that attacks foreign molecules
a protein that specializes into T cells
A general defense that protects against a variety of pathogens is called
innate defense
adaptive defense
passive defense
active defense
What is a pathogen?
an agent that can cause diseases and lead to infections
an agent that is located in the surface of a cell and triggers an immune response
a type of cell that can ingest bacteria
an agent that can block the replication of different types of viruses
A specific defense that targets specific pathogens and provides immunity is called
innate defense
adaptive defense
passive defense
active defense
Examples of mechanical barriers within innate defense mechanisms include
skin and enzymes
enzymes and mucous membranes
skin and phagocytosis
mucous membranes and skin
A ______________ is a type of white blood cell, such as T cells and B cells, that provides immunity.
antigen
macrophage
antibody
lymphocyte
These types of lymphocytes produce antibodies
macrophages
T cells
B cells
interferons
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
having a network of vessels and producing tissue fluid
producing tissue fluid and returning excess fluid back to the bloodstream
supporting immunity of the body and returning excess fluid back to the bloodstream
supporting immunity of the body and containing antigens that trigger the immune response
As tissue fluid pressure increases
lymph formation increases
lymph formation decreases
lymph nodes increase
lymph nodes decrease
What are three lymphatic organs?
thalamus, spleen, lymph nodes
thymus, spleen, lymph nodes
thymus, lymphatic vessels, spleen
thalamus, lymph nodes, thymus
What is the function of the kidney to help maintain homeostasis?
eliminate sweat, regulate water content of blood and maintain blood pH
eliminate sweat, remove waste products from blood and regulate water content pH
maintain blood pH, regulate water content of blood and remove waste products from blood
maintain blood pH, maintain pH of water content and remove waste products from blood
The tube that carries urine from the bladder and releases it from the body is called the _______________
urethra
ureter
proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
This process occurs in the glomerulus and is one process involved in purifying blood
homeostasis
filtration
reabsorption
conservation
What is meant by the word "renal"?
kidney
nephron
Bowman's capsule
loop of Henle
Water conservation occurs in which part of the nephron?
kidney
nephron
Bowman's capsule
loop of Henle
In order, what are the structures that the filtrate passes as if lows through the nephron?
Bowman's capsule, glomerulus, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, collecting duct
collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of loop of Henle, ascending limb of loop of Henle, Bowman's capsule
distal convoluted tubule, descending limb of loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of Henle, ascending limb of loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
What is the importance of the collecting duct?
transports urine to ureter
transports urine to urethra
transports urine to urinary bladder
transports urine to the kidney
Materials that get reabsorbed go back to the _________________.
kidney
ureter
nephron
capillaries
Filtration and ____________________ are two process involved in blood purification.
filtration
reabsorption
conservation
homeostasis
The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder is called the __________
urethra
ureter
proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
The ________________ plane "cuts" the body into an upper and lower half (head/torso and hips/legs)
Superior
Median
Horizontal
Medial
Inferior
The knee is _____________ to the ankle.
Superior
Median
Horizontal
Medial
Inferior
The hips are ______ to the cranial cavity.
Superior
Median
Horizontal
Medial
Inferior
If a body is separated equally into the right and the left half, a _______________ planes is used to describe this.
Superior
Median
Horizontal
Medial
Inferior
Largest organ (by weight)
Melanin
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Skin
Dermis
Lower layer of skin that contains blood
Melanin
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Skin
Dermis
A dark pigment that gives skin its color
Melanin
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Skin
Dermis
Contains cells that conducts impulses
Melanin
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Skin
Dermis
Consists of cells that contract when stimulated
Melanin
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Skin
Dermis
______________ are the muscles that help the movement of the prime mover.
Antagonist
In groups
Prime mover
Synergist
Oxygen debt
The ________________ is the muscle that is responsible for a certain body movement.
Antagonist
In groups
Prime mover
Synergist
Oxygen debt
The muscle that opposes the prime mover is called the ______________.
Antagonist
In groups
Prime mover
Synergist
Oxygen debt
The amount of oxygen required , after exercise, to convert lactic acid into glucose is called _____________.
Antagonist
In groups
Prime mover
Synergist
Oxygen debt
Skeletal muscles work _________________________.
Antagonist
In groups
Prime mover
Synergist
All alone
What letter represents the axon?
A
B
C
D
What letter represents the dendrite?
A
B
C
D
What letter represents Myelin sheath?
A
B
C
D
What letter represents the nucleus?
A
B
C
D
Which letter represents the superior vena cava?
AC
B
AB
AD
Which letter represents the left atrium?
C
AD
E
BC
Which letter represents the tricuspid valve?
A
AE
D
AD
Which letter represents the aortic valve?
A
AE
D
AD
Which letter represents the aorta?
AC
B
AB
AD
Which letter represents the left ventricle?
C
AD
E
BC
Which letter represents the pulmonary valve?
A
AE
D
AD
Which letter represents the right ventricle?
C
AD
E
BC
Which letter represents the inferior vena cava?
AC
B
AB
AD
Which letter represents the right atrium?
C
AD
E
BC
