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GRE Psychology Subject Test Vocabulary

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A surgically induced brain lesion is called _________.

a)

Ablation

b)

Stimulation

c)

Transduction

d)

Conduction

2.

The period that follows the onset of an action potential, during which a nerve impulse cannot be initiated, is called the _________.

a)

Absolute refractory period

b)

Relative refractory period

c)

Resting potential

d)

Depolarization phase

3.

The minimum of stimulus energy needed to activate a sensory system is known as the _________.

a)

Absolute threshold

b)

Difference threshold

c)

Sensory adaptation

d)

Signal detection

4.

A principle of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, where cognitive structures are modified because new information or experiences do not fit into existing cognitive structures, is called _________.

a)

Accommodation

b)

Assimilation

c)

Equilibration

d)

Conservation

5.

A neurotransmitter found in both central and peripheral nervous systems linked to Alzheimer's disease and used to transmit nerve impulses to the muscles is called _________.

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Dopamine

c)

Serotonin

d)

GABA

6.

A specific phobia that is an irrational fear of heights is called _________.

a)

Acrophobia

b)

Claustrophobia

c)

Arachnophobia

d)

Agoraphobia

7.

A model that describes memory in terms of procedural and declarative memory is called the _________

a)

ACT model (Adaptive Control of Thought)

b)

Levels of Processing model

c)

Multi-Store model

d)

Connectionist model

8.

The tendency of actors to see observer behavior as due to external factors and the tendency of observers to attribute actors' behaviors to internal characteristics is called the _________?

a)

Actor-observer effect

b)

Self-serving bias

c)

Fundamental attribution error

d)

Cognitive dissonance

9.

A hormone that increases energy available for 'fight or flight' reactions is called _________.

a)

Adrenaline

b)

Insulin

c)

Thyroxine

d)

Glucagon

10.

A visual sensation that appears after prolonged or intense exposure to a stimulus is called _________.

a)

Afterimages

b)

Photophobia

c)

Visual agnosia

d)

Retinal fatigue

11.

Impairments in perceptual recognition are known as _________.

a)

Agnosia

b)

Aphasia

c)

Apraxia

d)

Amnesia

12.

An irrational fear of being in places or situations where escape might be difficult is called _________.

a)

Agoraphobia

b)

Claustrophobia

c)

Acrophobia

d)

Arachnophobia

13.

A law about nerve impulses stating that when depolarization reaches the critical threshold, the neuron is going to fire every time is called the _________

a)

All-or-none law

b)

Refractory period

c)

Saltatory conduction

d)

Resting potential

14.

In psychometrics, the method of using two or more different forms of a test to determine the reliability of a particular test is called the _________.

a)

Alternate-form method

b)

Split-half method

c)

Test-retest method

d)

Internal consistency method

15.

A form of helping behavior where the person's intent is to benefit someone else at some cost to him- or herself is called _________.

a)

Altruism

b)

Egoism

c)

Competition

d)

Aggression

16.

A dissociative disorder where individuals are unable to recall past experience, but this inability is not due to a neurological disorder, is called _________.

a)

Amnesia

b)

Schizophrenia

c)

Bipolar disorder

d)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

17.

McGuire's analogy that people can be psychologically inoculated against the 'attack' of persuasive communications by first exposing them to a weakened attack is called the _________.

a)

Analogy of inoculation

b)

Theory of persuasion

c)

Model of resistance

d)

Framework of compliance

18.

A statistical method to compare the means of more than two groups by comparing the between-group variance to the within-group variance is called _________.

a)

Analyses of Variance (anovas)

b)

Linear Regression

c)

Chi-square Test

d)

Correlation Analysis

19.

A cognitive term (a heuristic) that refers to the tendency of people to make decisions based on reference points, or standards used to make judgements is called _________.

a)

Anchoring

b)

Priming

c)

Framing

d)

Confirmation bias

20.

An archetype from Jung's theory referring to the feminine behaviors in males, and the masculine behaviors in females is called _________.

a)

Anima (animus)

b)

Persona

c)

Shadow

d)

Self

21.

An eating disorder characterized by a refusal to maintain a minimal normal body weight is called _________.

a)

Anorexia nervosa

b)

Bulimia nervosa

c)

Binge eating disorder

d)

Pica

22.

Memory loss for new information following brain injury is known as _________.

a)

Anterograde amnesia

b)

Retrograde amnesia

c)

Dementia

d)

Confabulation

23.

A personality disorder characterized by a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others is called _________.

a)

Anti-social personality disorder

b)

Borderline personality disorder

c)

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

d)

Avoidant personality disorder

24.

An impairment in the ability to eat is called _________.

a)

Aphagia

b)

Dysphonia

c)

Apraxia

d)

Aphasia

25.

Language disorders, which are associated with Broca's and Wernicke's areas in the brain, are called _________.

a)

Aphasias

b)

Agnosias

c)

Ataxias

d)

Apraxias

26.

An illusion that occurs when two dots flashed in different locations on a screen seconds apart are perceived as one moving dot is called _________.

a)

Apparent motion

b)

Phi phenomenon

c)

Stroboscopic effect

d)

Persistence of vision

27.

An impairment in the organization of voluntary action is called _________.

a)

Apraxia

b)

Aphasia

c)

Agnosia

d)

Ataxia

28.

The building blocks for the collective unconscious referred to in Jung's theory of personality are called _________.

a)

Archetypes

b)

Schemas

c)

Complexes

d)

Instincts

29.

A principle of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, describing the process of understanding new information in relation to prior knowledge or existing schemata, is called _________.

a)

Assimilation

b)

Accommodation

c)

Equilibration

d)

Object Permanence

30.

Areas in the brain that integrate information from different cortical regions are called _________.

a)

Association area

b)

Primary motor cortex

c)

Sensory cortex

d)

Cerebellum

31.

A model of memory that involves three memory structures (sensory, short-term and long-term), and the processes that operate these memory structures, is called the _________?

a)

Atkinson-Shiffrin model

b)

Craik-Tulving model

c)

Baddeley-Hitch model

d)

Levels of Processing model

32.

Evidence of a preference for the primary caregiver and a wariness of strangers is called _________

a)

Attachment bond

b)

Social referencing

c)

Object permanence

d)

Separation anxiety

33.

A disorder characterized by developmentally atypical inattention and/or impulsivity-hyperactivity is called _________.

a)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/HD)

b)

Autism spectrum disorder

c)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

d)

Generalized anxiety disorder

34.

Fritz Heider's theory that people tend to infer the causes of other people's behavior as either dispositional (related to the individual) or situational (related to the environment) is called _________?

a)

Attribution theory

b)

Cognitive dissonance theory

c)

Social identity theory

d)

Self-perception theory

35.

A parenting style tending to use punitive control methods and lacking emotional warmth is called _________.

a)

Authoritarian parenting style

b)

Permissive parenting style

c)

Authoritative parenting style

d)

Uninvolved parenting style

36.

A parenting style tending to have reasonably high demands for child compliance coupled with emotional warmth is called _________.

a)

Authoritative parenting style

b)

Authoritarian parenting style

c)

Permissive parenting style

d)

Neglectful parenting style

37.

A disorder whose essential features are lack of responsiveness to other people, gross impairment in communication skills, and behaviors and interests that are repetitive, inflexibly routined and stereotyped is called _________?

a)

Autism

b)

Schizophrenia

c)

Bipolar disorder

d)

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

38.

What is the term for the following definition? An illusion that occurs when a spot of light appears to move erratically in a dark room, simply because there is no frame of reference.

a)

Autokinetic effect

b)

Phi phenomenon

c)

Stroop effect

d)

Motion parallax

39.

What is the term for the following definition? A decision-making short-cut that people tend to use when trying to decide how likely something is based upon how easily similar instances can be imagined.

a)

Availability heuristic

b)

Anchoring bias

c)

Confirmation bias

d)

Representativeness heuristic

40.

What is the term for the following definition? A behavioral therapy of pairing unpleasant stimuli with undesirable behavior.

a)

Aversion therapy

b)

Systematic desensitization

c)

Cognitive restructuring

d)

Token economy

41.

What is the term for the following definition? Fritz Heider's consistency theory that is concerned with balance and imbalance in the ways in which three elements are related.

a)

Balance theory

b)

Attribution theory

c)

Cognitive dissonance theory

d)

Social identity theory

42.

What is the term for the following definition? A therapeutic technique that is a negotiated agreement between two parties that explicitly stipulates the behavioral change that is desired and indicates consequences of certain acts.

a)

Behavioral contracts

b)

Systematic desensitization

c)

Token economy

d)

Cognitive restructuring

43.

What is the term for the following definition? A class of drugs that increase behavioral activity by increasing motor activity or by counteracting fatigue, and which are thought to stimulate receptors for dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin.

a)

Behavioral-stimulants

b)

Antidepressants

c)

Anxiolytics

d)

Beta-blockers

44.

What is the term for the following definition? Proposed by Von Békésy, the theory holds that high frequency sounds maximally vibrate the basilar membrane near the beginning of the cochlea close to the oval window and low frequencies maximally vibrate near the apex, or tip of the cochlea.

a)

Békésy's traveling wave theory

b)

Place coding theory

c)

Volley principle

d)

Frequency theory

45.

What is the term for the following definition? An experimental design whereby each subject is exposed to only one level of each independent variable.

a)

Between-subjects design

b)

Within-subjects design

c)

Factorial design

d)

Repeated measures design

46.

What is the term for the following definition? A cue for depth perception that depends on the fact that the distance between the eyes provides two slightly disparate views of the world that, when combined, give us a perception of depth.

a)

Binocular disparity (stereopsis)

b)

Monocular cues

c)

Linear perspective

d)

Motion parallax

47.

What is the term for the following definition? A mood disorder characterized by both depression and mania.

a)

Bi-polar disorders

b)

Schizophrenia

c)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

d)

Generalized anxiety disorder

48.

What is the term for the following definition? In theories of attitude persuasion, it is an attitude change in the opposite direction of the persuader's message.

a)

Boomerang effect

b)

Confirmation bias

c)

Foot-in-the-door effect

d)

Cognitive dissonance

49.

What is the term for the following definition? A personality disorder characterized by an instability in interpersonal behavior, mood and self-image that borders on psychosis.

a)

Borderline personality disorder

b)

Narcissistic personality disorder

c)

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

d)

Schizoid personality disorder

50.

What is the term for the following definition? Information processing that occurs when objects are recognized by the summation of the components of incoming stimulus to arrive at the whole pattern.

a)

Bottom-up processing (data-driven processing)

b)

Top-down processing (conceptually-driven processing)

c)

Parallel processing

d)

Selective attention

51.

What is the term for the following definition? The subjective impression of the intensity of a light stimulus.

a)

Brightness

b)

Hue

c)

Saturation

d)

Contrast

52.

What is the term for the following definition? In brightness perception, it refers to a when a particular luminance appears brighter when surrounded by a darker stimulus than when surrounded by a lighter stimulus.

a)

Brightness contrast

b)

Simultaneous contrast

c)

Lateral inhibition

d)

Color constancy

53.

What is the term for the following definition? Impairments in producing spoken language associated with lesions to Broca's area.

a)

Broca's aphasia

b)

Wernicke's aphasia

c)

Anomic aphasia

d)

Conduction aphasia

54.

An eating disorder that involves binge eating and excessive attempts to compensate for it by purging, fasting, or excessive exercising is called _________.

a)

Bulimia nervosa

b)

Anorexia nervosa

c)

Binge eating disorder

d)

Pica

55.

The reluctance of people to intervene to help others in emergency situations when other people also witness the situation is known as _________

a)

Bystander effect

b)

Social facilitation

c)

Group polarization

d)

Cognitive dissonance

56.

A theory of emotions stating that awareness of emotions reflects our physiological arousal and our cognitive experience of emotion is called the _________

a)

Cannon-Bard theory

b)

James-Lange theory

c)

Schachter-Singer theory

d)

Facial Feedback theory

57.

An experimental method used in developmental psychology to take a very detailed look at development by studying a small number of individuals is called a _________.

a)

Case study

b)

Survey

c)

Longitudinal study

d)

Cross-sectional study

58.

In Piaget's theory, the tendency for pre-operational children to be able to focus on only one aspect of a phenomenon is called _________.

a)

Centration

b)

Conservation

c)

Reversibility

d)

Seriation

59.

A statistical method of testing for an association between two categorical variables, specifically testing for the equality of two frequencies or proportions, is called the _________.

a)

Chi-square test

b)

T-test

c)

ANOVA

d)

Regression analysis

60.

An anti-psychotic drug thought to block receptor sites for dopamine, making it effective in treating the delusional thinking, hallucinations and agitation commonly associated with schizophrenia, is called _________.

a)

Chlorpromazine

b)

Diazepam

c)

Lithium

d)

Fluoxetine

61.

Internally generated rhythms that regulate our daily cycle of waking and sleeping, approximating a 24-hour cycle, are called _________.

a)

Circadian rhythms

b)

Ultradian rhythms

c)

Infradian rhythms

d)

Homeostatic cycles

62.

Also known as respondent conditioning, it is a result of learning connections between different events. This is called _________.

a)

Classical conditioning

b)

Operant conditioning

c)

Observational learning

d)

Latent learning

63.

An irrational fear of closed places is known as _________.

a)

Claustrophobia

b)

Agoraphobia

c)

Acrophobia

d)

Arachnophobia

64.

Carl Rogers' therapeutic technique that is based on the idea that clients have the freedom to control their own behavior, and that the client is able to reflect upon his or her problems, make choices and take positive action, is called _________.

a)

Client-centered therapy, person-centered therapy, and sometimes non-directive therapy

b)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

c)

Psychoanalytic therapy

d)

Gestalt therapy

65.

A technique to enhance memory by organizing items into conceptually-related categories is called _________.

a)

Clustering

b)

Chunking

c)

Priming

d)

Encoding

66.

Leon Festinger's consistency theory that people are motivated to reduce dissonant elements or add consonant elements to reduce tension is called _________

a)

Cognitive dissonance theory

b)

Self-perception theory

c)

Social identity theory

d)

Attribution theory

67.

A mental representation of a physical space is called a _________

a)

Cognitive map

b)

Mental set

c)

Schema

d)

Heuristic

68.

The fact that the perceived color of an object does not change when we change the wavelength of the light we see is called _________.

a)

Color constancy

b)

Color adaptation

c)

Color illusion

d)

Color saturation

69.

A defense mechanism whereby something is done to make up for something that is lacking is called _________.

a)

Compensation

b)

Projection

c)

Regression

d)

Denial

70.

The process that takes place in the fallopian tubes where the ovum or egg cell is fertilized by the male sperm cell is called _________.

a)

Conception

b)

Ovulation

c)

Implantation

d)

Menstruation

71.

In classical conditioning, it is the learned response to a conditioned stimulus. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Conditioned response

b)

Unconditioned stimulus

c)

Operant behavior

d)

Neutral stimulus

72.

In classical conditioning, it is a neutral stimulus that has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Conditioned stimulus

b)

Unconditioned response

c)

Operant reinforcer

d)

Spontaneous recovery

73.

Unintended independent variables. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Confounding variables

b)

Dependent variables

c)

Controlled variables

d)

Extraneous variables

74.

Also called parallel distribution processing, it is a theory of information processing that is analogous to a complex neural network. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Connectionism

b)

Behaviorism

c)

Structuralism

d)

Functionalism

75.

Theoretical perspectives from social psychology that hold that people prefer consistency between attitudes and behaviors, and that people will change or resist changing attitudes based upon this preference. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Consistency theories

b)

Attribution theories

c)

Social identity theories

d)

Cognitive dissonance theories

76.

A type of validity that refers to how well a test measures the intended theoretical construct. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Construct validity

b)

Face validity

c)

Content validity

d)

Criterion validity

77.

A type of validity that refers to how well the content items of a test measure the particular skill or knowledge area that it is supposed to measure. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Content validity

b)

Construct validity

c)

Face validity

d)

Criterion validity

78.

A technique of treating experimental and control groups equally in all respects, except that one group is exposed to the treatment in the experiment, and the other group is not exposed to the treatment. Fill in the blank: _________

a)

Control group design

b)

Random sampling

c)

Double-blind procedure

d)

Placebo effect

79.

Disorders characterized by unexplained symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory functions. Conversion disorder used to be referred to as 'hysteria.' Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Conversion disorders

b)

Anxiety disorders

c)

Mood disorders

d)

Personality disorders

80.

A type of descriptive statistic that measures to what extent, if any, two variables are related. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Correlation coefficients

b)

Mean

c)

Mode

d)

Standard deviation

81.

A method of controlling the potential effects of unintended independent variables (e.g., order effects) by making sure that the experimental and control groups are similar in all respects except for in the independent variable being measured. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Counterbalancing

b)

Random sampling

c)

Double-blind procedure

d)

Placebo effect

82.

In psychoanalysis, it occurs when the therapist experiences emotions in response to the patient's transference. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Counter-transference

b)

Projection

c)

Sublimation

d)

Free association

83.

How well the test can predict an individual's performance on an established test of the same skill or knowledge area. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Criterion validity

b)

Face validity

c)

Construct validity

d)

Content validity

84.

An experimental method used in developmental psychology to compare different groups of individuals at different ages. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Cross-sectional studies

b)

Longitudinal studies

c)

Case studies

d)

Naturalistic observation

85.

Proposed by Raymond Cattell, it is a type of intelligence that uses knowledge acquired as a result of schooling or other life experiences. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Crystallized intelligence

b)

Fluid intelligence

c)

Emotional intelligence

d)

Practical intelligence

86.

A specific phobia referring to an irrational fear of dogs. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Cynophobia

b)

Arachnophobia

c)

Acrophobia

d)

Ophidiophobia

87.

A theory that holds that if the information in long-term memory is not used or rehearsed it will eventually be forgotten. Fill in the blank: _________.

a)

Decay theory

b)

Encoding specificity theory

c)

Interference theory

d)

Retrieval failure theory

88.

What is the term for the following definition? Sometimes called fact memory, it is memory for explicit information.

a)

Declarative memory

b)

Procedural memory

c)

Implicit memory

d)

Sensory memory

89.

What is the term for the following definition? In Freud's structural dynamic model of personality, they are unconscious mechanisms that deny, falsify or distort reality.

a)

Defense mechanisms

b)

Cognitive dissonance

c)

Operant conditioning

d)

Self-actualization

90.

What is the term for the following definition? False beliefs, discordant with reality, that are maintained in spite of strong evidence to the contrary.

a)

Delusions

b)

Hallucinations

c)

Obsessions

d)

Phobias

91.

What is the term for the following definition? Cues that suggest to subjects what the researcher expects from research participants.

a)

Demand characteristics

b)

Placebo effect

c)

Observer bias

d)

Social desirability bias

92.

What is the term for the following definition? The word literally means "split mind", and was used to refer to what is now known as schizophrenia.

a)

Dementia praecox

b)

Bipolar disorder

c)

Catatonia

d)

Psychopathy

93.

What is the term for the following definition? A neurological disorder characterized by a loss in intellectual functioning.

a)

Dementias

b)

Epilepsy

c)

Parkinson's disease

d)

Multiple sclerosis

94.

What is the term for the following definition? A measurement of the response that is expected to vary with differences in the independent variable.

a)

Dependent variable

b)

Control group

c)

Constant variable

d)

Independent variable

95.

What is the term for the following definition? A dissociative disorder that involves a sense of detachment from the self despite an intact sense of reality.

a)

Depersonalization disorder

b)

Dissociative amnesia

c)

Fugue state

d)

Somatization disorder

96.

What is the term for the following definition? The second stage in the firing cycle, occurs when the membrane's electrical charge decreases—anytime the membrane's voltage moves toward a neutral charge of 0 millivolts.

a)

Depolarization

b)

Hyperpolarization

c)

Repolarization

d)

Resting potential

97.

What is the term for the following definition? Statistics concerned with organizing, describing, quantifying, and summarizing a collection of actual observations.

a)

Descriptive statistics

b)

Inferential statistics

c)

Predictive analytics

d)

Bayesian statistics

98.

What is the term for the following definition? A deviation IQ score that tells us how far away a person's score is from the average score for that person's particular age group.

a)

Deviation quotients

b)

Standard scores

c)

Percentile ranks

d)

Raw scores

99.

What is the term for the following definition? A framework explaining the causes of mental disorders as an interaction between biological causal factors (a predisposition toward developing a specific mental disorder) and psychological causal factors (excessive stress).

a)

Diathesis-stress model

b)

Cognitive-behavioral model

c)

Medical model

d)

Psychoanalytic model

100.

What is the term for the following definition? The amount of difference that there must be between two stimuli before they are perceived to be different.

a)

Difference threshold

b)

Absolute threshold

c)

Sensory adaptation

d)

Signal detection