66 yo with long‑standing hypertension develops vertigo, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, left‑sided facial numbness, nystagmus, hoarseness, limb ataxia, staggering gait, and a tendency to fall to the left—diagnosis?

26 yo with headaches and right‑hand clumsiness for weeks; exam shows dysdiadochokinesia, intention tremor, and mild dysmetria with an otherwise normal neurologic exam—where would MRI show damage?

78 yo post‑ischemic‑stroke patient with mild hemiplegia is unaware of weakness, neglects one side when dressing/grooming, and misattributes limb movements—brain area affected?

Adult neurogenesis occurs predominantly in which brain area?

Left anterior cerebral‑artery infarct most likely produces what clinical picture?

Rapid change to profane, irresponsible behavior over six months suggests pathology in which lobe?

Rapid onset of right facial weakness, left‑sided limb weakness, and diplopia indicates what process?

Orexin (hypocretin) is synthesized in which part of the brain?

Which brain area is activated by subliminal presentation of emotional faces?

Histamine is synthesized in which brain region?

The dopaminergic pathway that includes the nucleus accumbens and mediates reinforcement/addiction is the ______ pathway.

Leptin acts primarily at which brain region?

Oxytocin suppresses activity in which brain structure?

Hypothalamic area most closely linked to maternal behavior?

Cranial nerve responsible for gag reflex and palatal elevation?

In the first two years of life, which cortex develops before the other: motor or sensory?

A key cortical component of the salience network is the ______.

Primary taste cortex in humans lies in which cortical area?

Initial learning of a skilled motor sequence requires the corticostriatal system and which other system?

Reduced hippocampal volume produces impairment of which memory domain?

Histaminergic neurons that regulate sleep originate in which nuclei?

Sudden dysarthria, gait ataxia, right‑body numbness, and neck pain after neck manipulation—most likely diagnosis?

The stria terminalis connects the amygdala with which areas?

Wakefulness depends on what brain system?

The neural tube forms from which embryonic germ layer?

High‑frequency rTMS for major depression targets which cortical region?

Adult neurogenesis is restricted primarily to what region?

Of the listed structures, which is part of the hippocampal formation?

Bipolar disorder is associated with decreased connectivity between which regions?

CNS fear responses are mediated chiefly by what structure?

Fear‑related projections to brain‑stem and hypothalamus arise from which amygdalar nuclei?

Remembering a phone number briefly before dialing relies on which brain area?

The circuit enabling resistance to hostile impulses centers on which frontal region?

The loop producing worry/obsessive symptoms includes DLPFC, striatum, and which other structure?

Hyperactivity of orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus characterizes which disorder?

Dopamine neurons mediating cognitive processing belong to which pathway?

Stem cells in the adult hippocampus reside in which zone?

Stroke causing predominant right‑leg weakness, passivity, and abulia likely involves which artery?

Hemisensory loss followed by pain/hyperpathia to midline suggests ischemia of which artery?

Combined third‑nerve palsy and equal face/arm/leg weakness on the right indicates occlusion of a branch of which artery?

Bilateral leg weakness, abulia/mutism, and incontinence result from occlusion of which artery?

Pure sensory lacunar stroke extending to midline (face, arm, trunk, leg) localizes to what site?

Right PCA occlusion causes what visual field defect?

Bilateral leg/foot anesthetic‑motor deficits with bladder dysfunction in a cocaine user indicate what spinal event?

Intact primary somatosensation but inability to recognize objects by touch (astereognosis) suggests lesion where?

Apraxia (loss of learned motor acts) without weakness or ataxia localizes to which cortex?

Romberg negative with eyes open but falls when eyes closed—abnormality in which cerebellar region?

Right‑temporal hyperactivity on motor‑speech fMRI indicates damage where?

Non‑fluent, effortful “telegraphic” speech (Broca aphasia) localizes to which lobe?