WorksheetsN110 Final Exam Review ?'s
Total questions: 89
Worksheet time: 55mins
The nurse is defining nursing to a group of high-school students. Which statement best describes nursing as a profession?
Nursing focuses primarily on technical skills, like inserting IVs.
Nursing combines scientific knowledge with compassionate care and ethical practice.
Nursing requires minimal formal education and is easily learned on the job.
Nursing is limited to hospitals and acute-care settings.
A new graduate is preparing a continuing education portfolio to maintain licensure. Which document sets the national standards for nursing practice that the nurse should reference?
State Nurse Practice Act
Facility policy manual
ANA Standards of Practice
NCSBN Accreditation Guidelines
An RN is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following tasks can the RN safely delegate to Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)? Select all that apply
Measuring and recording vital signs on a stable client
Performing the initial admission assessment on a new client
Ambulating a stable post-op client to the bathroom
Assisting a confused client with a bedpan
Providing oral hygiene to a client
A client asks the nurse, “Who enforces the Nurse Practice Act in our state?” The nurse’s best response is:
Your hospital administration.
The State Board of Nursing.
The American Nurses Association.
The National Council of State Boards of Nursing.
Which descriptions accurately illustrate levels of prevention? Select all that apply
Deprescribing unnecessary medications in an elderly client (Quaternary)
Implementing a smoking-cessation program in schools (Primary)
Prescribing antibiotics for diagnosed pneumonia (Tertiary)
Conducting blood pressure screenings at a health fair (Secondary)
Administering immunizations at a community clinic (Primary)
The nurse educator is teaching about the Code of Ethics. Which statement best reflects the purpose of the ANA Code of Ethics?
To outline exact procedures for all nursing interventions
To provide legal statutes for state licensure
To guide ethical decision-making and uphold professional ideals
To regulate nursing education programs
A client with multiple chronic conditions requires coordination of home health, physical therapy, and dietary services. Which nursing role is primarily responsible?
Case manager
Staff nurse
Nurse educator
Charge nurse
A hospital policy conflicts with an ANA standard regarding patient assignment. Which action should the nurse take first?
Follow the hospital policy and document rationale.
Contact the State Board of Nursing for guidance.
Seek clarification from the unit manager about the conflict.
Refuse to comply with either and escalate to risk management.
The nurse uses open-ended questions, reflective listening, and summarizing during a client interview. Which type of communication is the nurse demonstrating?
Assertive communication
Therapeutic communication
Collaborative communication
Passive communication
A nurse wants to practice evidence-based care. Which source is MOST appropriate to consult?
Which of the following are components of the cyclical communication process in nursing? Select all that apply
C. Regulator
E. Receiver
D. Message
B. Feedback
A. Sender
An LPN is administering routine medications under RN supervision. Which statement describes scope of practice as defined by most State Boards?
LPNs may independently adjust IV drip rates.
LPNs may initiate nursing diagnoses.
LPNs may administer oral and IM medications under direction.
LPNs may perform comprehensive client assessments.
The Clinical Judgment Model (CJM) includes several steps. Which of the following is NOT a CJM step?
Recognizing Cues
Linking Cues to Hypotheses
Generating Solutions
Medication Administration
Which tasks can the RN safely delegate to Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)? Select all that apply
Assisting a stable client with a bedpan
Performing the initial head-to-toe assessment on a new admission
Administering oral medications
Measuring and recording vital signs on a stable client
Providing hygiene care (bathing, oral care)
A nurse implements an intervention to ensure patient safety by placing the bed in the lowest position and keeping the call light within reach. Which level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is being addressed?
Physiological Needs
Safety Needs
Belongingness and Love Needs
Self-Actualization Needs
At the start of a shift, four patients are assigned to the nurse. Which patient should be assessed first?
A. A 78-year-old with atrial fibrillation, dizziness, HR 142 bpm, BP 90/58
B. A 60-year-old with COPD, O₂ saturation 86% on room air
C. A 25-year-old with flank pain and burning on urination, fever 102.4°F
D. A 52-year-old with type 2 diabetes, blood glucose 372 mg/dL, thirst and polyuria
During the 'Analyze Cues' step of the CJM, the nurse:
Implements nursing interventions
Evaluates patient outcomes
Clusters data and identifies potential problems
Determines long-term outcomes
Which of the following are part of the Five Rights of Delegation? Select all that apply
Right Circumstance
Right Person
Right Documentation
Right Supervision/Evaluation
Right Task
Which of the following is an example of a nurse-initiated intervention?
Administering acetaminophen per physician order
Teaching deep breathing exercises to a postoperative client
Changing a dressing per provider’s prescription
Referring a patient to social services
Which assessment techniques are appropriate during a head-to-toe physical exam? Select all that apply
Auscultation (listening)
Percussion (tapping)
Palpation (feeling)
Inspection (looking)
Interviewing the patient
A nurse sets a long-term outcome for a patient to achieve by discharge. Which statement best describes a long-term outcome?
Achieved by the end of the shift
Achieved by discharge
Achieved within 4 hours
Achieved immediately
Which delegation statement is accurate?
UAPs can collect vital signs for a stable client
LPNs can develop a nursing care plan independently
RNs can delegate initial patient assessments
UAPs can administer oral medications unsupervised
In the 'Evaluate' step of the nursing process, if expected outcomes are not met, the nurse should:
Terminate the care plan
Modify the care plan
Continue the care plan unchanged
All of the above
A nurse is explaining the principle of autonomy to a patient. Which statement best reflects autonomy?
A. “I will decide for you what treatments are best.”
B. “You have the right to make your own healthcare decisions.”
C. “I need to withhold information for your safety.”
D. “Your family will decide for you.”
The nurse adheres to the ethical principle of nonmaleficence by:
Administering pain medication as prescribed.
Ensuring accurate hand hygiene before procedures.
Documenting patient preferences in the chart.
Providing unlimited patient education.
Which of the following are core values in the ANA Code of Ethics? Select all that apply
Autonomy
Veracity
Collaboration
Fidelity
Justice
A patient has a living will and appoints a healthcare proxy. The nurse’s best action is to:
Ignore the living will if family disagrees.
Follow the documented wishes and proxy decisions.
Ask the provider to overrule the proxy.
Immediately discontinue all life-sustaining treatments.
A nurse suspects that a patient’s advance directive is not on file. Which action should the nurse take first?
Ask the patient if they have one and where it is located.
Proceed with care without it.
Contact risk management.
Inform the family to provide it.
Under EMTALA, hospitals must:
Provide screening and stabilizing treatment to all presenting patients.
Transfer patients without consent if no bed is available.
Deny care to uninsured patients.
Charge patients before treatment.
Which actions by a nurse require an incident report? Select all that apply.
A nurse documents a late dressing change.
A near miss with mislabeled specimen.
A patient falls but refuses treatment.
A verbal order is clarified with the provider.
A patient receives the wrong medication dose.
A nurse breaks confidentiality by sharing patient information with a friend. This is an example of:
Good Samaritan act.
Intentional tort.
Unintentional tort.
Regulatory compliance.
Which statement describes the nurse’s role in informed consent?
Ensuring the patient signs before any explanation.
Witnessing the signature and verifying understanding.
Making decisions if the patient is indecisive.
Completing the procedure immediately.
A nurse is caring for a terminal patient who requests increased pain medication beyond the max order. Which ethical action should the nurse take?
Administer extra medication to relieve pain.
Refuse and ignore the request.
Discuss with provider to advocate for pain management.
Tell the patient it’s not your decision.
Which elements are required for valid informed consent? Select all that apply
A. Disclosure of risks and benefits.
B. Patient competence.
In the event of suspected child abuse, the nurse’s first legal responsibility is to:
Notify the child’s family.
Document and report to protective services.
Wait for provider confirmation.
Call the police only.
A nurse fails to follow hospital protocol and a patient is harmed. This breach of duty is classified as:
Malpractice.
Slander.
Good Samaritan.
Assisted negligence.
Which statements accurately describe the Good Samaritan Law protections? Select all that apply.
Varies by state legislation.
Does not cover gross negligence.
Requires formal provider credentialing.
Protects for reasonable, good-faith emergency care.
Applies only if the nurse is on duty.
After implementing nursing interventions, the nurse evaluates outcomes and finds goals unmet. The nurse should:
Terminate the care plan.
Revise the plan to address barriers.
Document and continue unchanged.
Discharge the patient immediately.
A nurse uses the ISBARR framework when handing off a patient. What does the second 'R' stand for?
Reporting
Read-back
Reassessment
Referral
Which communication style involves expressing needs clearly and respectfully while considering patient rights?
Aggressive
Assertive
Passive
Passive-aggressive
Which of the following are components of therapeutic communication? Select all that apply
A nurse recognizes that cultural differences can act as a communication barrier. What is an appropriate intervention?
Speak loudly to ensure understanding
Use medical jargon to maintain professionalism
Employ a professional interpreter
Assume nodding means comprehension
During a noisy emergency department shift, the nurse relocates to a quieter area to explain discharge instructions. Which barrier is the nurse addressing?
Emotional barrier
Physical barrier
Cultural barrier
Time constraint barrier
The nurse is teaching a patient using the teach-back method. Which documentation should be included?
Patient repeated instructions accurately
Patient verbalized confusion only
Patient was given a pamphlet
Patient initials on consent form
Which documentation method focuses on recording only abnormal findings?
SOAP charting
Narrative charting
Charting by exception
PIE charting
A nurse asks a colleague, “Can you explain what you meant by 'pending lab results'?” Which communication technique is this?
Reflection
Confrontation
Clarification
Broad opening
A nurse documenting a phone order uses read-back to prevent errors. Which legal principle does this illustrate?
Confidentiality
Accountability
Informed consent
Nonmaleficence
Which statement describes a nontherapeutic communication technique?
A. “Tell me more about how you feel.”
B. “You always exaggerate your pain.”
C. “I understand this is hard for you.”
D. “What else concerns you today?”
A nurse using SBAR states, “He’s complaining of chest pain radiating to his jaw.” What component is this?
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation
Which practices help maintain confidentiality in electronic health records? Select all that apply
Logging off the computer when unattended
Using strong, unique passwords
Accessing only assigned patient charts
Sharing login credentials with team
Emailing patient information in plain text
After implementing a care plan, the nurse evaluates and finds outcomes unmet. What is the next step?
Terminate the care plan
Modify the care plan
Continue unchanged
Discharge patient
Which stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory is characterized by object permanence and sensorimotor exploration?
Preoperational
Sensorimotor
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
According to Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, which conflict is experienced during older adulthood?
Which of the following are common defense mechanisms? Select all that apply
Rationalization
Projection
Repression
Advocacy
Denial
The nurse teaches a patient deep-breathing exercises and guided imagery to manage stress. These interventions exemplify:
Maladaptive coping
Primary appraisal
Adaptive coping
Secondary appraisal
A patient begins to grieve in anticipation of a terminal illness diagnosis before it occurs. This is known as:
Disenfranchised grief
Anticipatory grief
Complicated grief
Normal grief
During the bargaining stage of Kubler-Ross’s model, a patient is most likely to:
Refuse to believe the diagnosis
Express anger at family members
Make promises in hopes of reversing loss
Accept the reality of the situation
Which components are part of the Dual Process Model of grief? Select all that apply
Oscillation between processes
Relationship-centered processes
Restoration-oriented processes
Loss-oriented processes
Task-oriented processes
When assessing how a patient copes with stress, the nurse asks, “What strategies have you used in the past to deal with similar challenges?” This question evaluates:
Primary appraisal
Secondary appraisal
Tertiary prevention
Transactional analysis
Which physiological change is part of the 'fight or flight' response to stress?
A nurse instructs a client to journal feelings, practice yoga, and seek social support after a stressful event. These are examples of:
Ineffective coping
Maladaptive defense mechanisms
Adaptive coping strategies
Psychosocial neglect
According to Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory, a child who follows rules to avoid punishment is operating at the:
Post-conventional level
Conventional level
Pre-conventional level
Transitional level
A patient who remains unable to function in daily life one year after a significant loss is most likely experiencing:
Normal grief
Disenfranchised grief
Prolonged grief disorder
Anticipatory grief
What is the primary difference between palliative care and hospice care?
Palliative care only for cancer patients; hospice for any terminal illness
Palliative care can be provided alongside curative treatment; hospice focuses on comfort when curative treatment ceases
Hospice requires hospital admission; palliative is home-based only
Palliative care is short-term; hospice care is long-term
Health promotion is best described as:
Treatment of disease after diagnosis.
Actions to improve well-being before disease develops.
The wellness-illness continuum illustrates:
The stages of grief and loss.
A range from optimal health to death.
Levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
The nursing process steps.
Which are the three domains of learning in client education? Select 3 that apply
Psychomotor
Behavioral
Affective
Cognitive
Sensory
Healthy People 2030 is a federal initiative focused on:
Establishing state nursing licensure requirements.
Setting national health objectives for a decade.
Providing clinical practice guidelines.
Accrediting nursing education programs.
Which factors affecting health status are modifiable? Select all that apply
Poor nutrition
Age
Genetic predisposition
Physical inactivity
Tobacco use
An example of tertiary prevention in respiratory health is:
Administering influenza vaccinations annually.
Screening for lung cancer with low-dose CT scans.
Providing pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD clients.
Educating about dangers of air pollution.
The nurse’s role in health promotion includes all EXCEPT:
Assessing risk factors.
Implementing behavior-change strategies.
Prescribing pharmacologic treatments independently.
Advocating for healthy lifestyle behaviors.
In the teaching process, the 'Plan' step involves:
Evaluating learning outcomes.
Determining learner’s baseline knowledge.
Developing SMART educational objectives.
Delivering the teaching content.
A SMART learning objective example is:
Patient will know how to use inhaler.
Patient will demonstrate correct use of inhaler by discharge.
Which strategies help address low health literacy and language barriers? Select all that apply
Using Teach-Back method
Providing plain-language handouts
Employing certified medical interpreters
Avoiding visual aids to reduce complexity
Speaking quickly to save time
When documenting client education, the nurse must include all EXCEPT:
Date, time, and topic taught.
Learner’s demonstration of skills.
Patient’s willingness to pay for materials.
Need for follow-up or referrals.
The teach-back method is used to:
Reassure the patient without evaluation.
Confirm patient understanding by asking them to repeat information.
Teach family members only.
Provide written instructions only.
In psychomotor domain teaching, the nurse should:
Use lectures with no demonstration.
Provide hands-on return demonstration practice.
Focus solely on cognitive understanding.
Avoid guided practice to encourage independence.
Which represent levels of prevention? Select all that apply
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quinary
Quaternary
During the 'Evaluate' step of the teaching process, the nurse should:
Revise the teaching plan if goals are not met.
Assume learning occurred and discontinue teaching.
Document only the content delivered.
Ignore patient feedback.
A nurse recognizes implicit bias when:
They consciously choose to treat all patients the same.
They have unexamined attitudes that influence care without awareness.
They rely solely on patient self-report for assessment.
They follow facility protocols for every patient.
When using the LEARN model for culturally competent care, the 'A' stands for:
(a)
Which actions help mitigate health disparities among vulnerable populations? Select all that apply
Coordinating transportation services
Providing interpreter services
Developing sliding-scale payment programs
Offering the same resources to all patients
Utilizing telehealth options
A nurse is educating colleagues about health equity. The best definition is:
Ensuring everyone receives identical resources.
Providing resources based on individual needs to achieve similar outcomes.
Limiting resources to only insured patients.
Distributing resources randomly among patients.
A migrant farmworker with limited English is admitted. The nurse’s priority intervention is:
Asking a family member to interpret medical history.
Using a certified medical interpreter for assessment.
Providing written discharge instructions in English.
Documenting language preference for future visits.
In FICA spiritual assessment, the 'C' refers to:
Comfort
Community
Creed
Compassion
Which components are part of Campinha-Bacote’s Process of Cultural Competence?
Cultural Desire
Cultural Encounters
Cultural Imposition
Cultural Knowledge
Cultural Awareness
A nurse notices a colleague making derogatory comments about a patient’s culture. This behavior is:
Cultural sensitivity
Cultural imposition
Cultural blindness
Cultural competence
Which statement best exemplifies health literacy promotion?
Using medical jargon when instructing patients.
Providing materials at a 5th-grade reading level.
A nurse implements a rainbow flag in the waiting area to demonstrate:
Health equity
Cultural imposition
Inclusive environment
Cultural blindness
