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WorksheetsRadiation Biology and Protection
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Which effect accounts for a majority of DNA damage from ionizing radiation?
Direct Effects
Indirect Effects
Deterministic Effects
Stochastic Effects
Which of the following is related to stochastic effects?
Lethal DNA damage
There is a threshold
Severity is related to dose
Probability is related to dose
Regarding dental x-rays, we are most concerned about:
Deterministic effects
Stochastic effects
Both
Neither
Which of the following cell types is the most radioresistant?
Muscle cells
Skin Cells
Gonads
Liver
List the following cells from most RADIORESISTANT to most RADIOSENSITIVE
Small lymphocyte, muscle, skin, thyroid gland
Thyroid gland, small lymphocyte, muscle, skin,
Muscle, small lymphocyte, skin, thyroid gland
Muscle, thyroid gland, skin, small lymphocyte
Could a dental x-ray in a typical dental setting cause congenital malformations in an embryo or fetus?
Yes
No
Unknown
Could a dental x-ray in a typical dental setting cause cancer in an embryo or fetus?
Yes
No
Unknown
What best describes the Linear No-Threshold model?
That deterministic effects have a threshold and severity increases as dose increases
That stochastic effects have a threshold and severity increases as dose increases
That deterministic effects have no threshold and probability increases as dose increases
That stochastic effects have no threshold and probability increases as dose increases
What units are used to describe dose
Roentgen and Sievert
Sievert and Gray
Gray and Roentgen
Sievert only
What is the average annual effective natural background dose of ionizing radiation?
3 SV
6 Sv
3 mSv
6 mSv
What is the average annual effective dose of ionizing radiation from medical and consumer products?
3 SV
6 Sv
3 mSv
6 mSv
Of the average annual effective dose of ionizing radiation from medical and consumer products in the U.S., what percent do dental x-rays make up?
5-10%
3-5%
1-3%
>1%
How much is dose reduced by rectangular collimation compared to round collimation compared to round collimation for intraoral radiography?
20%
33%
50%
80%
Radiation protection laws and guidelines are made based on what model?
Linear no threshold theory
Linear threshold theory
Hormesis theory
Pythagorean theory
What is the optimal potential of dental x-ray units?
50-100 kVp
40-60 kVp
60-80 kVp
80-100 kVp
For a dental x-ray will Effective dose be more or less than Equivalent dose?
More
Less
The same
Impossible to say
For a full-body exposure to radiation, will Effective dose be more or less than Equivalent dose?
More
Less
The same
Impossible to say
A patient, who is a frequent traveler on airplanes, is very concerned about radiation from dental x-rays. About how many intraoral dental x-rays would it take to equal the amount of radiation received from a single cross-country flight?
1
2
4
8
True or False, Utah law requires that lead aprons are worn by dental patients during radiographs.
True
False
The position and distance rule states that the safest angle from the central x-ray beam is 90-135 degrees and that an operator should stand at least _ feet away from the x-ray source.
1
2
6
10
