WorksheetsUnit One Earth Science Review
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 47mins
How many miles thick is the mantle?
25 miles
124 miles
1,789 miles
2,438 miles
Which layer of Earth is the hottest?
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
Convergent Boundaries do what?
Slide past each other.
Move apart from each other.
Come together.
Divergent Boundaries do what?
Slide past each other.
Move apart from each other.
Come together.
Transform Boundaries do what?
Slide past each other.
Come together.
Move apart from each other.
What boundary causes Earthquakes?
Transform Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
What boundary creates mountains?
Transform Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
What boundary causes volcanoes to form?
Transform Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Which argument can be used as an example to best support the claim that some landforms can be created through constructive processes?
A cliff can be created by ocean waves breaking down rock.
A canyon can be created by flowing water carving through rock.
An island can be created by the cooling of lava of a volcanic eruption.
A valley can be created by a retreating glacier carving the landscape.
How is a delta formed?
By the destructive process of sedimentation.
By the destructive process of weathering.
By the constructive process of deposition.
By the constructive process of erosion.
Which argument best describes the formation of sand dunes?
The destructive process of deposition.
The destructive process of weathering.
The constructive process of weathering.
The constructive process of deposition.
The Galapagos Islands were formed by the eruption of a string of volcanoes, which have erupted more than 50 times in the past 300 years. How does the continuing volcanic activity affect the islands?
Each eruption causes the amount of freshwater on the islands to quickly increase.
Each eruption causes the amount of landmass of the islands to quickly increase.
Each eruption causes part of the islands to disappear into the ocean.
Each eruption causes all the organisms on the islands to migrate.
Which of the following processes accurately describes the formation of a delta?
A gully removes sediment from a stream.
River water removes sediment from a mountain valley.
Sediments are deposited as ocean water empties into a stream.
Sediments are deposited as water empties into a larger body of water.
Which argument best supports the claim that sand dunes are formed through constructive processes?
The landform was created from the erosion of the coastline.
The landform was created as sand blew from one location to another.
The landform was created as land was weathered by sea water.
The landform was created as a river dropped clumps of sand on the beach.
What is the force that builds up land on Earth to create landforms?
Constructive process
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
What is the process that breaks down rocks into sediment called?
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Destructive process
What is the movement of sediment from one place to another called?
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Delta
What is the geological process by which materials are added to a landform call?
Sand Dune
Deposition
Sediment
Erosion
A ridge of sand built up by the process of erosion and deposition is called what?
Sand Dune
Mountain
Hill
Beach shore
What is the material such as small pieces of rock or sand called?
Sediment
Moraine
Mud
Deposition
The sudden movement of the Earth due to the shifting of Earth's tectonic plates is called...
Earthquake
Volcanic eruption
Transform Boundary
Fault
A triangular shaped landform found at the mouth of rivers formed by deposition is called...
Delta
Marsh
Shore
Island
What is a slow-moving river of ice formed on land?
Glacier
Moraine
Valley
Mountain
The leftover material dropped by a glacier as is moves is called...
Moraines
Delta
Valley
Trench
What is a volcano?
An opening in Earth where ash, molten rock, and gas escape.
An explosion of magma as convergent boundaries collide.
Giant cracks in Earth where rocks slide past each other.
A collection of molten rock that sits in a chamber, where it eventually dries up creating a huge rock.
What is a fault?
A crack in the Earth's outer layer where two rocks slide past each other.
A deep narrow depression, formed by subduction.
An opening where hot ash, gases, and molten rock esccape.
A landform created through the constructive forces of deposition.
What is a deep narrow depression on the ocean floor called?
Trench
Fault
Delta
Moraine
Slow moving pieces of Earth's crust.
Tectonic plates
Convergent boundary
Pangea
Continental Drift
What is the outer most layer of Earth, made of rock called?
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
What is the thickest layer of Earth, made of solid and molten rock called?
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
What layer of Earth is made of melted Nickel and Iron?
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
What layer of Earth is made of solid Iron?
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
What is the name of the once connected Super Continent?
Pangea
Africa
Alfred Wegner
Vesuvius
Which group of scientists study earthquakes?
Biologists
Seismologists
Volcanologists
Meteorologists
A student observes pebbles collected from different parts of a river. Each part of this river has a different slope. The river's slope is steep in the mountains and decreases as the river approaches the valley. There is no slope in the river once it enters the valley. The student classifies the pebbles by their shapes and the part if the river where she found them, as shown. What most likely caused the differences in the shapes of the pebbles?
Weathering caused by the different speeds of water flow in the river.
Weathering caused by the different temperatures along the river.
Erosion caused by the sediment as it was dropped off at the different slopes.
Erosion caused by the different minerals in the water washing away.
What is the main difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering can involve wind, rain, hail, or snow, while erosion only rain.
Weathering is completely natural, while erosion is man-made.
Weathering only affects rocks, while erosion only affects soil.
Weathering breaks down materials, while erosion carries it away.
Camilla finds a rock in her backyard that has a large crack in it. She creates a model by filling the crack up with water and placing it in her freezer. the next day, she removes the frozen rock from the freezer and lets it thaw. She repeats this process twenty times and notices that the crack in the rock has grown deeper and wider. What process is Camilla most likely trying to model?
erosion
weathering
deposition
sedimentation
Some of Georgia's beaches have been shrinking. What is the most likely cause of this shrinking?
erosion by gravity
weathering by wind
erosion by beach waves
weathering by organisms
Weathering that was caused by plants can be seen in rock cracks that grow larger as the plant grows. How do plants cause the weathering of rocks?
through chemicals that seep into rocks as leaves fall from the plant and decay
through the release of water vapor and oxygen by transpiration and gas exchange
through the root growth of plants as roots lengthen and expand to reach water and nutrients
through photosynthesis as sunlight is combined with water and carbon dioxide to create food
What mass movement occurs when a large block of soil and rock becomes unstable and quickly moves downhill?
slump
rockfall
landslide
creep
Do earthquakes happen underwater?
Yes, and they can cause a tsunami to occur
No, earthquakes only occur on land
No, only volcanoes occur underwater
Yes, but they have no effect on ocean water
Jessica sees a deep crevice in the surface of Earth, close to a fault line. What process most likely caused the crevice?
earthquake
hurricane
volcano
tornado
Ice, plants, animals, gravity, running water, and wind are all common agents of which process?
Mechanical weathering
Carbonation
Exfoliation
Chemical weathering
A dam is a barrier that is built to control the flow of water into a river. Which of the following questions would BEST help scientists and engineers design a dam to protect houses along a river from flooding?
How many houses are built along the river?
How high can the river rise before it floods nearby homes?
On average, how many days per year does it rain in the area?
On average, how many times a year does the river flood the area?
The Tsunami Warning System (TWS) is a warning system that is used in coastal areas. The system alerts people to evacuate the area in the event of a tsunami. Tsunamis are caused by the large movements on the ocean floor, such as earthquakes. In order to create a warning system, scientists need to know when a tsunami may occur. Which of the following questions is MOST important for the scientists to answer?
How high was the tallest tsnami?
How many people live in the coastal area?
How many tsunamis have affected the coastal area?
How can large movements be detected from far away?
How does a jetty help to protect a coastline from erosion?
It prevents the sea level from rising and removing sediment.
It becomes a barrier against waves and currents.
It deposits sand created by the weathering of the rocks.
It forces sand to stay on the beach by increasing waves.
What question can be studied using data collected from a seismograph?
Where did an earthquake begin?
How long will an earthquake last?
How much damage did an earthquake cause?
Where is the safest location during an earthquake?
Which technology would BEST be used to predict when a volcano will erupt?
A flood map showing likely flood areas around the volcano.
A satellite image showing cloud movement above the volcano.
A computer program showing past eruption dates of the volcano.
A seismology study showing ground movement near the volcano.
How does terrace farming help to limit a destructive process?
Terrace farming helps to limit the effects of erosion.
Terrace farming helps to limit the effects of flooding,
Terrace farming helps to limit the effects of earthquakes.
Terrace farming helps to limit the effects of landslides.
What is beach reclamation?
It is the process of building fences to stop ocean erosion.
It is the process of adding new sand to eroded shorelines.
It is the process of digging trenches to limit ocean weathering.
It is the process of removing debris from weathered shorelines.
Which of the following correctly compares dams and levees?
A dam is designed to prevent flooding, and a levee is designed to change the direction of water flow.
A levee is designed to prevent flooding, and a dam is designed to change the direction of the water flow.
Both structures are designed to prevent flooding, but a dam does not block the flow of water like a levee.
Both structures are designed to prevent flooding, but a levee does not block the flow of water like a dam.
The tuned mass damper is an object that controls the sway of a building. For what destructive process is a tuned mass damper designed?
tsunamis
flooding
lightning
earthquakes
A dam is a structure built by humans. Which of Earth's processes was the structure designed to protect against?
earthquakes
tornadoes
hurricanes
flooding
A scientist who studies the Earth's atmosphere and weather.
Meteorologist
Biologist
Volcanologist
Seiesmologist
When water overflows and covers land that is usually dry.
Tsunami
Floodplain
Floodway
Flood
A barrier that blocks flowing water or sends it in a new direction.
A raised bank along a river or coastline that acts like a protective wall.
A system of drains and pipes that collect and carry rainwater away from streets, parking lots, and other surfaces, directing it to bodies of water like rivers, lakes, or streams.
A wide, open lane next to a river that is kept clear so that floodwaters can pass through without causing problems.
floodway
A protective structure of stone or concrete; extends from shore into the water to prevent a beach from washing away
Sea wall
A long, narrow structure that protects a coastline from the currents and tides. Jetties are usually made of wood, earth, stone, or concrete.
Adding sand or sediment to eroding beaches to restore or maintain their width and elevation.
A method of plowing rows that follow the curves of the land rather than straight up and down slopes.
A method of growing crops on the sides of hills or mountains by building flat platforms, like steps, called terraces.
Terrace Farming
Erica went to the beach and noticed a hill of sand close to the shore. She claims that the landform was created by a constructive process. Which argument BEST supports Erica's claim?
The students claim is incorrect because the landform was created from the erosion of the coastline.
The student's claim is incorrect because the landform was created as land was weathered by sea water.
The student's claim is correct because the landform was created as sand blew from one location to another.
The student's claim is correct because the landform was created as a river dropped clumps of sand on the beach.
