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WorksheetsTimeline of Scientific Contributions
Total questions: 96
Worksheet time: 48mins
Who developed the poliomyelitis vaccine (inactivated) in 1954?
Jonas Salk
Albert Sabin
Louis Pasteur
Edward Jenner
Who introduced the Westgard Rules for quality control in the clinical laboratory in 1973?
James Westgard
Karl Landsteiner
Rosalind Franklin
Frederick Sanger
Arthur Kornberg
Who developed the Hepatitis B vaccine in 1980?
Baruch Samuel Blumberg
Jonas Salk
Albert Sabin
Edward Jenner
Who developed the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in 1985?
Kary Mullis
James Watson
Frederick Sanger
Rosalind Franklin
Who developed the intracytoplasmic sperm injection in 1992?
Andre Van Steirteghem
Robert Edwards
Patrick Steptoe
Ian Wilmut
Who derived the first human stem cell line in 1998?
James Thomson
Shinya Yamanaka
John Gurdon
Ian Wilmut
Who discovered the circulation of blood and proved through vivisection, ligation, and perfusion that the heart acts as a muscular pump propelling the blood throughout the body in a continuous cycle?
WILLIAM HARVEY
CLAUDIUS GALEN
ANDREAS VESALIUS
MARCELLO MALPIGHI
Who used a microscope to document the existence of 'cells'?
ROBERT HOOKE
Isaac Newton
Louis Pasteur
Gregor Mendel
Who is known as the Father of Histology and was a physician to Pope Innocent XII, famous for his investigations of the embryology of the chick and the histology and physiology of the glands and viscera?
MARCELLO MALPIGHI
CLAUDE BERNARD
ANDREAS VESALIUS
WILLIAM HARVEY
Who discovered that urine containing protein would form a precipitate when boiled with acetic acid?
FREDERIK DEKKERS
ROBERT KOCH
LOUIS PASTEUR
WILLIAM HARVEY
Who was the first to notice the characteristic sweet taste of diabetic urine?
THOMAS WILLIS
William Harvey
Claude Bernard
Paul Langerhans
Who was the first to perform direct transfusion of blood from one animal to another?
Richard Lower
William Harvey
Karl Landsteiner
James Blundell
Who is known as the Father of Hematology and discovered coagulation?
Richard Lower
William Hewson
Gabriel Fahrenheit
John Hill
Who developed the mercury thermometer and the Fahrenheit temperature scale?
Gabriel Fahrenheit
Anders Celsius
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
Lord Kelvin
Who introduced a method of obtaining specimens for microscopic study?
John Hill
Robert Hooke
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Marcello Malpighi
Who made observations of sediments in the urine of febrile patients?
J. W. Tichy
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
Rudolf Virchow
Who proved that sweetness of the urine and blood serum in diabetes is caused by sugar?
Matthew Dobson
Claude Bernard
Frederick Banting
Paul Langerhans
Who developed the yeast test for sugar determination in diabetic urine?
Francis Home
Claude Bernard
Frederick Banting
Paul Langerhans
Who discovered cholesterol?
Antoine Francois de Fourcroy
Louis Pasteur
Robert Koch
Edward Jenner
Who pioneered the use of the microscope and described the germinal vesicle in the embryo, naming protoplasm and discovering the sudoriferous glands of the skin and their excretory ducts?
John Snow
Johannes Evangelista Purkinje
Paul Ehrlich
Alexander Fleming
Who studied the great cholera outbreak in London in 1854?
Karl von Vierordt
Sir Almroth Edward Write
John Snow
Alexander Fleming
Fill in the blank: Karl von Vierordt contributed to medical science by studying ________ time as an index of blood coagulation.
coagulation
respiration
reaction
digestion
Who observed the role of calcium salts in the coagulation of blood?
Paul Ehrlich
Sir Almroth Edward Write
Johannes Evangelista Purkinje
Alexander Fleming
Paul Ehrlich developed methods of drying and fixing blood smears using what?
Water
Alcohol
Heat
Air
In 1830, who performed the first chemical analysis of proteins?
Gerardus Mulder
Justus von Liebig
Friedrich Wöhler
Louis Pasteur
Who developed an achromatic microscope and introduced dark-field microscopy?
Joseph Jackson Lister
Robert Hooke
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Ernst Abbe
Who developed a standard test for arsenic in 1836?
James Marsh
Robert Bunsen
Marie Curie
Dmitri Mendeleev
Who developed a method for performing accurate blood counts (hemocytometry) in 1852?
Karl von Vierordt
Rudolf Virchow
William Harvey
Robert Koch
Who discovered fluorescence?
George Gabriel Stokes
Marie Curie
Isaac Newton
Albert Einstein
Who prepared the first synthetic dye in 1852?
William Perkin
Louis Pasteur
Dmitri Mendeleev
Marie Curie
Who developed the first visual colorimeter based on Beer’s Law in 1854?
Jules Duboscq
Robert Bunsen
Isaac Newton
John Dalton
Who invented the glass hypodermic syringe in 1869?
Herman Luer
Charles Pravaz
Alexander Wood
Edward Jenner
Who developed the use of a gelatin for isolation of fungi in 1872?
Oscar Brefeld
Louis Pasteur
Robert Koch
Alexander Fleming
Who established the first public health lab in England in 1875?
William Henry Corfield
Joseph Lister
Edward Jenner
John Snow
Who developed the alkaline picrate method for the determination of creatinine in 1886?
Max Jaffe
Otto Folin
Stanley Benedict
John R. Marrack
Who invented the vacuum flask in 1892?
James Dewar
Albert Einstein
Isaac Newton
Marie Curie
Who invented the photoelectric cell in 1893?
Julius Elster and Hans Friedrich Geitel
Thomas Edison
Heinrich Hertz
Alexander Graham Bell
Who invented the nephelometer in 1893?
Theodore Richards
John Dalton
Marie Curie
Robert Bunsen
Who produced their modification of the acid-fast stain for tuberculosis in 1895?
Franz Ziehl and Friedrich Neelsen
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
Paul Ehrlich
Who published Practical Urinalysis and Urinary Diagnosis in 1896?
Charles Purdy
William Osler
Thomas Addison
Richard Bright
Who developed the agglutination test for identification of the typhoid bacillus in 1896?
Ferdinand Widal
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
Paul Ehrlich
Who discovered CA-72 (colorectal cancer) in 1980?
Hilary Koprowski
David Colcher
Robert Bast Jr.
L. Lindholm
Which cancer marker is associated with Hilary Koprowski in 1981?
CA-19-9 (pancreatic cancer)
CA-125 (ovarian cancer)
CA-50 (colorectal cancer)
CA-15-3 (breast cancer)
Fill in the blank: Robert Bast Jr. is associated with the cancer marker ________ (ovarian cancer) in 1981.
CA-125
AFP
PSA
CEA
L. Lindholm discovered which cancer marker in 1983?
CA-19-9
CA-125
CA-50
CA-15-3
R. Tobias is associated with which type of cancer marker?
Colorectal cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Ovarian cancer
Breast cancer
In which year was CA-15-3 (breast cancer) discovered and by whom?
1985, R. Tobias
1990, J. Smith
1978, L. Brown
2001, M. Johnson
Who developed the first clinical lab method for ammonia?
Edward Joseph Conway and Robert Cooke
Karl Landsteiner and Alexander Wiener
Frederick Banting and Charles Best
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
Who develops the whole blood clotting time test?
S. Borgstrom
Karl Landsteiner
William Harvey
Paul Ehrlich
Who developed radioimmunoassay?
Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson
James Watson and Francis Crick
Frederick Banting and Charles Best
Alexander Fleming
Who invented immunoelectrophoresis?
Miroslav Poulik
Karl Landsteiner
Rosalind Franklin
Frederick Sanger
Who develops the atomic absorption spectrometer?
Alan Walsh
Marie Curie
Robert Bunsen
Ernest Rutherford
Who developed the method for serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum alanine aminotransferase?
Felix Wroblewski and John Ladue
Arthur Kornberg and Severo Ochoa
Frederick Sanger and Paul Berg
Hans Krebs and Carl Cori
Who developed the method for aspartate aminotransferase?
Arthur Karmen
Frederick Sanger
Hans Krebs
James Sumner
Who synthesized RNA?
Severo Ochoa
Louis Pasteur
Gregor Mendel
James Watson
Who developed a direct chemical method for the determination of triglycerides?
Emile Van Handel and Don Zilversmit
Frederick Sanger
Rosalind Franklin
Linus Pauling
Who introduces Westgard control rules into clinical laboratory quality control?
James Westgard
Karl Landsteiner
Rosalind Franklin
Frederick Sanger
Who introduced Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) as a serum tumor marker?
M.C. Yank
J. Ablin
R. Wang
S. Hara
Who determined the molecular weight of hemoglobin by ultracentrifugation?
THEODORE SVEDBERG
Linus Pauling
Frederick Sanger
James Watson
In 1928, who reported the ability to recover cancer in vaginal smears?
GEORGE NICHOLAS PAPANICOLAOU
Marie Curie
Alexander Fleming
Sigmund Freud
Who introduced the use of light filter in colorimetry in 1929?
OTTO FOLIN
Louis Pasteur
Robert Koch
Marie Curie
Who developed the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as an index of severity of disease in 1929?
R. GABREUS
Westergren
Wintrobe
Landsteiner
Who developed the first clinical laboratory method for alkaline phosphatase (Clinical Enzymology) in 1930?
H.D KAY
J.B. Sumner
S.P.L. Sørensen
Michaelis Menten
Who developed the first clinical lab method for serum lipase activity in 1932?
IAN CHERRY and LATHAN CRANDALL
Frederick Banting and Charles Best
Otto Warburg and Hans Krebs
James Watson and Francis Crick
Who developed 2 major clinical lab methods for serum and urine amylase activity in 1938?
MICHAEL SOMOGYI
Otto Warburg
Frederick Banting
Hans Krebs
Who developed the first assay for acid phosphatase?
ALEXANDER GUTMAN
ALBERT SABIN
OTTO WARBURG
FREDERICK BANTING
Fill in the blank: In 1902, ________ discovered the reciprocal relationship between pH and oxygen content of hemoglobin (Bohr effect).
CHRISTIAN BOHR
OTTO WARBURG
KARL LANDSTEINER
HANS KREBS
Fill in the blank: MARTINUS BEIJERINCK obtained the first pure culture of the ________ bacterium.
sulfur-oxidizing
lactic acid
nitrogen-fixing
photosynthetic
Fill in the blank: In 1905, H.J. BECHTOLD discovered ________.
immunodiffusion
electrophoresis
chromatography
radioimmunoassay
Fill in the blank: In 1908, ARTHUR SANFORD and JAMES TODD published the first edition of ________.
Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods
Principles of Internal Medicine
Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease
Gray's Anatomy
Fill in the blank: In 1911, ________ invented the fluorescence microscope.
OSKAR HEIMSTADLT
ALBERT EINSTEIN
LOUIS PASTEUR
ROBERT KOCH
Fill in the blank: In 1916, PHILIP ADOLF KOBER developed the ________.
colorimeter-nephelometer
spectrophotometer
chromatograph
manometer
Fill in the blank: In 1919, FRANCIS WILLIAM ASTON developed the ________.
mass spectrograph
electron microscope
cyclotron
cloud chamber
Fill in the blank: In 1926, ARNE TISELIUS developed moving boundary electrophoresis of ________.
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
Who was General Antonio Luna and what was his contribution to the laboratory in the Philippines?
A) A Spanish military officer who led the Philippine army
B) A Philippine war hero who pioneered water testing, forensics, and environmental studies as a chemical expert
C) The first president of the Philippines
D) A famous Filipino doctor
At the end of the 19th century, who started exploring the microbial causes of disease in the Philippines?
Americans
Spaniards
Filipinos
Japanese
Fill in the blank: Advancements in medicine and health care broke down in the Philippines during the years ______ due to the Philippine-American war.
1899-1902
1905-1908
1880-1883
1910-1913
After the fall of Manila in 1898, which hospital was established by Lt. Col. Henry Lipincott?
Philippine General Hospital
First Reserve Hospital
Manila Central Hospital
St. Luke's Hospital
What features did each biological room have?
A chemical worktable with gas, water, and vacuums
A hood with a flue extended to the attic
Both A and B
None of the above
What heated the incubators on the biological wing’s floors?
Electric heaters
Bunsen burners
Refrigerating boxes
Sunlight
Fill in the blank: The building was destroyed during ________.
WW II
the Renaissance
the Industrial Revolution
the Great Depression
Who currently occupies the area where the building once stood?
National Institutes of Health of University of the Philippines-Manila
Department of Health Central Office
Philippine General Hospital
Manila City Hall
In which city was the capital established by the Spanish Empire in the late 16th century?
Manila
Cebu
Vigan
Davao
Which was the first hospital established in the Philippines in 1565?
Hospital Real in Cebu
San Lazaro Hospital
Philippine General Hospital
St. Luke's Medical Center
Who built the San Lazaro Hospital in 1578 and for whom was it built?
Built by Franciscans for the poor and lepers
Built by Jesuits for Spanish officials
Built by Dominicans for Chinese traders
Built by Augustinians for the wealthy
Which hospital was founded in 1596 for poor Spaniards?
Hospital de San Juan de Dios
Hospital de Santa Cruz
Hospital de la Caridad
Hospital General de Madrid
Which university was founded by Dominicans in 1611?
University of Sto. Tomas
Ateneo de Manila University
University of the Philippines
De La Salle University
Where was the Hospital de San Jose founded in 1641?
Cavite
Manila
Cebu
Vigan
What significant event happened at UST in 1875?
Established the first faculties of pharmacy and medicine
Opened its first engineering department
Became a co-educational institution
Moved to its current campus in España
Which medical publication was established in 1886?
Boletin de Medicina de Manila
The Philippine Journal of Surgery
Manila Medical Review
Journal of Tropical Medicine
Which pharmaceutical publication was established in 1893?
Revista Farmaceutica de Filipinas
The Philippine Journal of Pharmacy
Pharma Times
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Which medical sciences publication was established in 1895?
Cronicas de Ciencias Medicas
Journal of Modern Medicine
Medical Science Review
Annals of Clinical Research
In what year was the central board of vaccination established to produce and distribute vaccine lymph and had 122 regular vaccinators (vacunadores) in Manila and other major towns?
1806
1820
1850
1789
Provincial medical officers were appointed to provide health care services in which year?
1876
1885
1901
1860
What was established in 1883 and later expanded in 1886?
Board of Health and Charity
Department of Agriculture
Ministry of Education
Public Works Commission
Which laboratory was established by the Spanish authorities in 1887 for lab exams of food, water, and clinical samples, although it was not adequately used in the study of outbreaks?
Laboratorio Municipal de Manila
Instituto de Salud Pública
Manila Central Laboratory
Philippine Hygiene Bureau
