wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Timeline of Scientific Contributions

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Who developed the poliomyelitis vaccine (inactivated) in 1954?

a)

Jonas Salk

b)

Albert Sabin

c)

Louis Pasteur

d)

Edward Jenner

2.

Who introduced the Westgard Rules for quality control in the clinical laboratory in 1973?

a)

James Westgard

b)

Karl Landsteiner

c)

Rosalind Franklin

d)

Frederick Sanger

e)

Arthur Kornberg

3.

Who developed the Hepatitis B vaccine in 1980?

a)

Baruch Samuel Blumberg

b)

Jonas Salk

c)

Albert Sabin

d)

Edward Jenner

4.

Who developed the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in 1985?

a)

Kary Mullis

b)

James Watson

c)

Frederick Sanger

d)

Rosalind Franklin

5.

Who developed the intracytoplasmic sperm injection in 1992?

a)

Andre Van Steirteghem

b)

Robert Edwards

c)

Patrick Steptoe

d)

Ian Wilmut

6.

Who derived the first human stem cell line in 1998?

a)

James Thomson

b)

Shinya Yamanaka

c)

John Gurdon

d)

Ian Wilmut

7.

Who discovered the circulation of blood and proved through vivisection, ligation, and perfusion that the heart acts as a muscular pump propelling the blood throughout the body in a continuous cycle?

a)

WILLIAM HARVEY

b)

CLAUDIUS GALEN

c)

ANDREAS VESALIUS

d)

MARCELLO MALPIGHI

8.

Who used a microscope to document the existence of 'cells'?

a)

ROBERT HOOKE

b)

Isaac Newton

c)

Louis Pasteur

d)

Gregor Mendel

9.

Who is known as the Father of Histology and was a physician to Pope Innocent XII, famous for his investigations of the embryology of the chick and the histology and physiology of the glands and viscera?

a)

MARCELLO MALPIGHI

b)

CLAUDE BERNARD

c)

ANDREAS VESALIUS

d)

WILLIAM HARVEY

10.

Who discovered that urine containing protein would form a precipitate when boiled with acetic acid?

a)

FREDERIK DEKKERS

b)

ROBERT KOCH

c)

LOUIS PASTEUR

d)

WILLIAM HARVEY

11.

Who was the first to notice the characteristic sweet taste of diabetic urine?

a)

THOMAS WILLIS

b)

William Harvey

c)

Claude Bernard

d)

Paul Langerhans

12.

Who was the first to perform direct transfusion of blood from one animal to another?

a)

Richard Lower

b)

William Harvey

c)

Karl Landsteiner

d)

James Blundell

13.

Who is known as the Father of Hematology and discovered coagulation?

a)

Richard Lower

b)

William Hewson

c)

Gabriel Fahrenheit

d)

John Hill

14.

Who developed the mercury thermometer and the Fahrenheit temperature scale?

a)

Gabriel Fahrenheit

b)

Anders Celsius

c)

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit

d)

Lord Kelvin

15.

Who introduced a method of obtaining specimens for microscopic study?

a)

John Hill

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

d)

Marcello Malpighi

16.

Who made observations of sediments in the urine of febrile patients?

a)

J. W. Tichy

b)

Robert Koch

c)

Louis Pasteur

d)

Rudolf Virchow

17.

Who proved that sweetness of the urine and blood serum in diabetes is caused by sugar?

a)

Matthew Dobson

b)

Claude Bernard

c)

Frederick Banting

d)

Paul Langerhans

18.

Who developed the yeast test for sugar determination in diabetic urine?

a)

Francis Home

b)

Claude Bernard

c)

Frederick Banting

d)

Paul Langerhans

19.

Who discovered cholesterol?

a)

Antoine Francois de Fourcroy

b)

Louis Pasteur

c)

Robert Koch

d)

Edward Jenner

20.

Who pioneered the use of the microscope and described the germinal vesicle in the embryo, naming protoplasm and discovering the sudoriferous glands of the skin and their excretory ducts?

a)

John Snow

b)

Johannes Evangelista Purkinje

c)

Paul Ehrlich

d)

Alexander Fleming

21.

Who studied the great cholera outbreak in London in 1854?

a)

Karl von Vierordt

b)

Sir Almroth Edward Write

c)

John Snow

d)

Alexander Fleming

22.

Fill in the blank: Karl von Vierordt contributed to medical science by studying ________ time as an index of blood coagulation.

a)

coagulation

b)

respiration

c)

reaction

d)

digestion

23.

Who observed the role of calcium salts in the coagulation of blood?

a)

Paul Ehrlich

b)

Sir Almroth Edward Write

c)

Johannes Evangelista Purkinje

d)

Alexander Fleming

24.

Paul Ehrlich developed methods of drying and fixing blood smears using what?

a)

Water

b)

Alcohol

c)

Heat

d)

Air

25.

In 1830, who performed the first chemical analysis of proteins?

a)

Gerardus Mulder

b)

Justus von Liebig

c)

Friedrich Wöhler

d)

Louis Pasteur

26.

Who developed an achromatic microscope and introduced dark-field microscopy?

a)

Joseph Jackson Lister

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

d)

Ernst Abbe

27.

Who developed a standard test for arsenic in 1836?

a)

James Marsh

b)

Robert Bunsen

c)

Marie Curie

d)

Dmitri Mendeleev

28.

Who developed a method for performing accurate blood counts (hemocytometry) in 1852?

a)

Karl von Vierordt

b)

Rudolf Virchow

c)

William Harvey

d)

Robert Koch

29.

Who discovered fluorescence?

a)

George Gabriel Stokes

b)

Marie Curie

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Albert Einstein

30.

Who prepared the first synthetic dye in 1852?

a)

William Perkin

b)

Louis Pasteur

c)

Dmitri Mendeleev

d)

Marie Curie

31.

Who developed the first visual colorimeter based on Beer’s Law in 1854?

a)

Jules Duboscq

b)

Robert Bunsen

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

John Dalton

32.

Who invented the glass hypodermic syringe in 1869?

a)

Herman Luer

b)

Charles Pravaz

c)

Alexander Wood

d)

Edward Jenner

33.

Who developed the use of a gelatin for isolation of fungi in 1872?

a)

Oscar Brefeld

b)

Louis Pasteur

c)

Robert Koch

d)

Alexander Fleming

34.

Who established the first public health lab in England in 1875?

a)

William Henry Corfield

b)

Joseph Lister

c)

Edward Jenner

d)

John Snow

35.

Who developed the alkaline picrate method for the determination of creatinine in 1886?

a)

Max Jaffe

b)

Otto Folin

c)

Stanley Benedict

d)

John R. Marrack

36.

Who invented the vacuum flask in 1892?

a)

James Dewar

b)

Albert Einstein

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Marie Curie

37.

Who invented the photoelectric cell in 1893?

a)

Julius Elster and Hans Friedrich Geitel

b)

Thomas Edison

c)

Heinrich Hertz

d)

Alexander Graham Bell

38.

Who invented the nephelometer in 1893?

a)

Theodore Richards

b)

John Dalton

c)

Marie Curie

d)

Robert Bunsen

39.

Who produced their modification of the acid-fast stain for tuberculosis in 1895?

a)

Franz Ziehl and Friedrich Neelsen

b)

Robert Koch

c)

Louis Pasteur

d)

Paul Ehrlich

40.

Who published Practical Urinalysis and Urinary Diagnosis in 1896?

a)

Charles Purdy

b)

William Osler

c)

Thomas Addison

d)

Richard Bright

41.

Who developed the agglutination test for identification of the typhoid bacillus in 1896?

a)

Ferdinand Widal

b)

Robert Koch

c)

Louis Pasteur

d)

Paul Ehrlich

42.

Who discovered CA-72 (colorectal cancer) in 1980?

a)

Hilary Koprowski

b)

David Colcher

c)

Robert Bast Jr.

d)

L. Lindholm

43.

Which cancer marker is associated with Hilary Koprowski in 1981?

a)

CA-19-9 (pancreatic cancer)

b)

CA-125 (ovarian cancer)

c)

CA-50 (colorectal cancer)

d)

CA-15-3 (breast cancer)

44.

Fill in the blank: Robert Bast Jr. is associated with the cancer marker ________ (ovarian cancer) in 1981.

a)

CA-125

b)

AFP

c)

PSA

d)

CEA

45.

L. Lindholm discovered which cancer marker in 1983?

a)

CA-19-9

b)

CA-125

c)

CA-50

d)

CA-15-3

46.

R. Tobias is associated with which type of cancer marker?

a)

Colorectal cancer

b)

Pancreatic cancer

c)

Ovarian cancer

d)

Breast cancer

47.

In which year was CA-15-3 (breast cancer) discovered and by whom?

a)

1985, R. Tobias

b)

1990, J. Smith

c)

1978, L. Brown

d)

2001, M. Johnson

48.

Who developed the first clinical lab method for ammonia?

a)

Edward Joseph Conway and Robert Cooke

b)

Karl Landsteiner and Alexander Wiener

c)

Frederick Banting and Charles Best

d)

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

49.

Who develops the whole blood clotting time test?

a)

S. Borgstrom

b)

Karl Landsteiner

c)

William Harvey

d)

Paul Ehrlich

50.

Who developed radioimmunoassay?

a)

Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson

b)

James Watson and Francis Crick

c)

Frederick Banting and Charles Best

d)

Alexander Fleming

51.

Who invented immunoelectrophoresis?

a)

Miroslav Poulik

b)

Karl Landsteiner

c)

Rosalind Franklin

d)

Frederick Sanger

52.

Who develops the atomic absorption spectrometer?

a)

Alan Walsh

b)

Marie Curie

c)

Robert Bunsen

d)

Ernest Rutherford

53.

Who developed the method for serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum alanine aminotransferase?

a)

Felix Wroblewski and John Ladue

b)

Arthur Kornberg and Severo Ochoa

c)

Frederick Sanger and Paul Berg

d)

Hans Krebs and Carl Cori

54.

Who developed the method for aspartate aminotransferase?

a)

Arthur Karmen

b)

Frederick Sanger

c)

Hans Krebs

d)

James Sumner

55.

Who synthesized RNA?

a)

Severo Ochoa

b)

Louis Pasteur

c)

Gregor Mendel

d)

James Watson

56.

Who developed a direct chemical method for the determination of triglycerides?

a)

Emile Van Handel and Don Zilversmit

b)

Frederick Sanger

c)

Rosalind Franklin

d)

Linus Pauling

57.

Who introduces Westgard control rules into clinical laboratory quality control?

a)

James Westgard

b)

Karl Landsteiner

c)

Rosalind Franklin

d)

Frederick Sanger

58.

Who introduced Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) as a serum tumor marker?

a)

M.C. Yank

b)

J. Ablin

c)

R. Wang

d)

S. Hara

59.

Who determined the molecular weight of hemoglobin by ultracentrifugation?

a)

THEODORE SVEDBERG

b)

Linus Pauling

c)

Frederick Sanger

d)

James Watson

60.

In 1928, who reported the ability to recover cancer in vaginal smears?

a)

GEORGE NICHOLAS PAPANICOLAOU

b)

Marie Curie

c)

Alexander Fleming

d)

Sigmund Freud

61.

Who introduced the use of light filter in colorimetry in 1929?

a)

OTTO FOLIN

b)

Louis Pasteur

c)

Robert Koch

d)

Marie Curie

62.

Who developed the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as an index of severity of disease in 1929?

a)

R. GABREUS

b)

Westergren

c)

Wintrobe

d)

Landsteiner

63.

Who developed the first clinical laboratory method for alkaline phosphatase (Clinical Enzymology) in 1930?

a)

H.D KAY

b)

J.B. Sumner

c)

S.P.L. Sørensen

d)

Michaelis Menten

64.

Who developed the first clinical lab method for serum lipase activity in 1932?

a)

IAN CHERRY and LATHAN CRANDALL

b)

Frederick Banting and Charles Best

c)

Otto Warburg and Hans Krebs

d)

James Watson and Francis Crick

65.

Who developed 2 major clinical lab methods for serum and urine amylase activity in 1938?

a)

MICHAEL SOMOGYI

b)

Otto Warburg

c)

Frederick Banting

d)

Hans Krebs

66.

Who developed the first assay for acid phosphatase?

a)

ALEXANDER GUTMAN

b)

ALBERT SABIN

c)

OTTO WARBURG

d)

FREDERICK BANTING

67.

Fill in the blank: In 1902, ________ discovered the reciprocal relationship between pH and oxygen content of hemoglobin (Bohr effect).

a)

CHRISTIAN BOHR

b)

OTTO WARBURG

c)

KARL LANDSTEINER

d)

HANS KREBS

68.

Fill in the blank: MARTINUS BEIJERINCK obtained the first pure culture of the ________ bacterium.

a)

sulfur-oxidizing

b)

lactic acid

c)

nitrogen-fixing

d)

photosynthetic

69.

Fill in the blank: In 1905, H.J. BECHTOLD discovered ________.

a)

immunodiffusion

b)

electrophoresis

c)

chromatography

d)

radioimmunoassay

70.

Fill in the blank: In 1908, ARTHUR SANFORD and JAMES TODD published the first edition of ________.

a)

Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods

b)

Principles of Internal Medicine

c)

Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease

d)

Gray's Anatomy

71.

Fill in the blank: In 1911, ________ invented the fluorescence microscope.

a)

OSKAR HEIMSTADLT

b)

ALBERT EINSTEIN

c)

LOUIS PASTEUR

d)

ROBERT KOCH

72.

Fill in the blank: In 1916, PHILIP ADOLF KOBER developed the ________.

a)

colorimeter-nephelometer

b)

spectrophotometer

c)

chromatograph

d)

manometer

73.

Fill in the blank: In 1919, FRANCIS WILLIAM ASTON developed the ________.

a)

mass spectrograph

b)

electron microscope

c)

cyclotron

d)

cloud chamber

74.

Fill in the blank: In 1926, ARNE TISELIUS developed moving boundary electrophoresis of ________.

a)

proteins

b)

lipids

c)

carbohydrates

d)

nucleic acids

75.

Who was General Antonio Luna and what was his contribution to the laboratory in the Philippines?

a)

A) A Spanish military officer who led the Philippine army

b)

B) A Philippine war hero who pioneered water testing, forensics, and environmental studies as a chemical expert

c)

C) The first president of the Philippines

d)

D) A famous Filipino doctor

76.

At the end of the 19th century, who started exploring the microbial causes of disease in the Philippines?

a)

Americans

b)

Spaniards

c)

Filipinos

d)

Japanese

77.

Fill in the blank: Advancements in medicine and health care broke down in the Philippines during the years ______ due to the Philippine-American war.

a)

1899-1902

b)

1905-1908

c)

1880-1883

d)

1910-1913

78.

After the fall of Manila in 1898, which hospital was established by Lt. Col. Henry Lipincott?

a)

Philippine General Hospital

b)

First Reserve Hospital

c)

Manila Central Hospital

d)

St. Luke's Hospital

79.

What features did each biological room have?

a)

A chemical worktable with gas, water, and vacuums

b)

A hood with a flue extended to the attic

c)

Both A and B

d)

None of the above

80.

What heated the incubators on the biological wing’s floors?

a)

Electric heaters

b)

Bunsen burners

c)

Refrigerating boxes

d)

Sunlight

81.

Fill in the blank: The building was destroyed during ________.

a)

WW II

b)

the Renaissance

c)

the Industrial Revolution

d)

the Great Depression

82.

Who currently occupies the area where the building once stood?

a)

National Institutes of Health of University of the Philippines-Manila

b)

Department of Health Central Office

c)

Philippine General Hospital

d)

Manila City Hall

83.

In which city was the capital established by the Spanish Empire in the late 16th century?

a)

Manila

b)

Cebu

c)

Vigan

d)

Davao

84.

Which was the first hospital established in the Philippines in 1565?

a)

Hospital Real in Cebu

b)

San Lazaro Hospital

c)

Philippine General Hospital

d)

St. Luke's Medical Center

85.

Who built the San Lazaro Hospital in 1578 and for whom was it built?

a)

Built by Franciscans for the poor and lepers

b)

Built by Jesuits for Spanish officials

c)

Built by Dominicans for Chinese traders

d)

Built by Augustinians for the wealthy

86.

Which hospital was founded in 1596 for poor Spaniards?

a)

Hospital de San Juan de Dios

b)

Hospital de Santa Cruz

c)

Hospital de la Caridad

d)

Hospital General de Madrid

87.

Which university was founded by Dominicans in 1611?

a)

University of Sto. Tomas

b)

Ateneo de Manila University

c)

University of the Philippines

d)

De La Salle University

88.

Where was the Hospital de San Jose founded in 1641?

a)

Cavite

b)

Manila

c)

Cebu

d)

Vigan

89.

What significant event happened at UST in 1875?

a)

Established the first faculties of pharmacy and medicine

b)

Opened its first engineering department

c)

Became a co-educational institution

d)

Moved to its current campus in España

90.

Which medical publication was established in 1886?

a)

Boletin de Medicina de Manila

b)

The Philippine Journal of Surgery

c)

Manila Medical Review

d)

Journal of Tropical Medicine

91.

Which pharmaceutical publication was established in 1893?

a)

Revista Farmaceutica de Filipinas

b)

The Philippine Journal of Pharmacy

c)

Pharma Times

d)

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

92.

Which medical sciences publication was established in 1895?

a)

Cronicas de Ciencias Medicas

b)

Journal of Modern Medicine

c)

Medical Science Review

d)

Annals of Clinical Research

93.

In what year was the central board of vaccination established to produce and distribute vaccine lymph and had 122 regular vaccinators (vacunadores) in Manila and other major towns?

a)

1806

b)

1820

c)

1850

d)

1789

94.

Provincial medical officers were appointed to provide health care services in which year?

a)

1876

b)

1885

c)

1901

d)

1860

95.

What was established in 1883 and later expanded in 1886?

a)

Board of Health and Charity

b)

Department of Agriculture

c)

Ministry of Education

d)

Public Works Commission

96.

Which laboratory was established by the Spanish authorities in 1887 for lab exams of food, water, and clinical samples, although it was not adequately used in the study of outbreaks?

a)

Laboratorio Municipal de Manila

b)

Instituto de Salud Pública

c)

Manila Central Laboratory

d)

Philippine Hygiene Bureau