Font size
WorksheetsPsych 250 F25 Exam 1 Reivew
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 18mins
What type of research design is used to study the relationship between 2+ variables?
Experimental Designs
Correlational Designs
Case Studies
Interviews
What measures the extent to which traits in a population are due to genetic factors?
Heritability
Polygenic inheritance
Phenotypes
Incomplete Dominance
A hollow, fluid filled ball of cells that forms 4-5 days after fertilization is a ...
Zygote
Blastocyst
Embryonic disc
Tropoblast
A score of 3 on the Apgar scale indicates that...
The parent is adjusting well to being a new parent
The infant's physical condition is great
The infant's physical condition should be monitored
The infant's physical condition is in a state of emergency
Piaget's stage spanning ages 0-2, during which kids "think" with their eyes, ears, hands, ect.
Preoperational stage
Formal operational stage
Sensorimotor stage
Concrete operational stage
What is a sensitive period?
Periods during which people are emotionally sensitive
Periods during which pain receptors are more sensitive
Periods during which experiences have maximal impact on development
None of the above
Which of the following is NOT a behaviorist theorist?
Pavlov
Skinner
Bandura
Freud
Which of these are teratogens? (select all that apply)
Illegal Drugs
Alcohol
Radiation
Environmental Pollution
What describes how growth and motor control progress from "head to tail"?
Synaptic pruning
Cephalocaudal trend
Proximodistal trend
Myelination
Object permanence is...
Understanding that objects still exist when out of sight
Understanding that objects are tools
Understanding that objects are fun to play with
Understanding that children use objects permanently
Which theory suggests that people develop within a multi-layered system of relationships?
Piaget's cognitive development theory
Erikson's psychosocial theory
Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory
Brofenbrenner's ecological systems theory
A child repeating a novel series of actions after seeing them occur is an example of:
Social learning theory
Piaget's constructivist theory
Information processing theory
Erikson's psychosocial theory
Which of the following defines genes?
A self-replicating material, main constituent of chromosomes
Observable characteristics from genotype X environment interaction
Unit of heredity that is transferred from parent to offspring
None of the above
The ability to discriminate light, shadow, and color is...
Intermodal perception
Perceptual narrowing
Depth perception
Visual acuity
How would we study concordance as behavioral geneticists?
Estimate % of instances in which both twins show a trait
Estimate % of instances in which twins are born
Estimate % of instances in which offspring shares phenotype with parent
None of the above
This type of research design includes people of different ages at one point in time
Longitudinal design
Correlational design
Sequential design
Cross-sectional design
What happens during the embryonic period of prenatal development?
Blastocyst is formed
Implantation occurs
Most organs are formed
Organs matrue
Applying a word to a wider collection of objects and events than is appropriate is called:
Underextension
Overextension
Telegraphic speech
Babbling
According to Piaget, integrating new information into existing structures is called:
Assimilation
Accommodation
Equilibration
Disequilibration
Infants have a 50/50 chance of survival at this time of pregnancy
16 weeks
20 weeks
24 weeks
28 weeks
Morelli et al. (1992) discussed how these values contributed to American families not co-sleeping with kids (select all that apply):
Independence
Codependence
Self-reliance
Co-reliance
This method is often used to check if infants understand laws of the physical world
Eye tracking methods
Parental interviews
Violation of expectation method
All of the above
Which of the following is the LEAST mature of the newborn senses?
Hearing
Vision
Taste/smell
Touch
Complete the sentence: The ____ represents the overarching cultural patterns of a society
Microsystem
Mesosystem
Exosystem
Macrosystem
What is the id in Freud's psychosexual theory of development?
Conscious, rational, problem-solving part; controls urges
Morel and ethical component; includes conscience
Biological needs & desires; immediate gratification needed
None of the above
Baillargeon challenged Piaget's views on development by finding that babies...
Understood object permanence at a younger age
Understood object permanence at an older age
Were incapable of goal-directed behavior at 15 months
Were incapable of secondary circular reactions until 12mo
What is myelination?
Fatty shielding of axons for faster communication between neurons
The development of synaptic connections
The pruning of synaptic connections
Fatty shielding of cell body for faster communication between neurons
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of REM sleep?
Similar brain activity as during awake time
Infants spend most sleeping time in REM
Sleep time in REM declines over time
All of the above
Which of the following statements about reflexes is FALSE?
Reflexes are inborn, automatic responses to stimulation
They are adaptive in helping infants learn about the world
Reflexes can be used to diagnose early neurological problems
Reflexes do not help children develop later motor skills
Which of the following is NOT one way Erikson's theory differs from Freud's theory?
Erikson views personality development as a psychosexual process
Erikson covers the entire lifespan
Erikson emphasizes psychosocial crisis and conflict
Erikson puts more emphasis on the ego than on the id
True or false: 2 year olds are 1/2 of their adult height?
True
False
True or false: Children's weight doubles in the first six months of life
True
False
Which of the following do babies prefer to look at?
Stuffed animals
Mixed up faces
Flashing lights
Upright faces
What is the order of the three layers (from outer to innermost) when the embryonic disk folds?
Endoderm -> mesoderm -> ectoderm
Ectoderm -> endoderm -> mesoderm
Mesoderm -> ectoderm -> endoderm
Ectoderm -> mesoderm -> endoderm
True or false: All children reach physical development milestones at nearly the same time
True
False
Which of the following is NOT true of infants' vision?
It is the last sense to reach full capacity
Visual acuity reaches near adult levels by 6 months
Early depth perception is very sophisticated
Infants prefer patterned and complex stimuli and human faces
Which of the following is NOT a purpose for infant reflexes?
Warding off predators
Locating food sources
Precursors to later motor skills
Remains of adaptations from earlier homosapiens
The correct order of prenatal development is:
Zygote -> Fetus -> Embryo
Zygote -> Embryo -> Fetus
Embryo -> Zygote -> Fetus
Fetus -> Zygote -> Embryo
Chomsky and his beliefs about the LAD are in line with which perspective?
The nativist persepctive
The interactionist perspective
The behaviorist perspective
The information-processing perspective
True or false: Bilingual babies are CONFUSED by learning two languages
True
False
When does language development begin?
In utero
At birth
At 2 months
At 10 months
What is the general sequence of gross motor development?
Crawling, cruising, walking
Cruising, crawling, walking
Crawling, walking, cruising
Walking, crawling, cruising
The left side of the brain specializes in ______
Langauge
Artistic skills
Vision
Mathematics
Brain plasticity is at a peak during which period of life?
Old age
Middle adulthood
Adolescence
Infancy
Which is NOT part of langauge structure?
Phonology
Phrenology
Pragmatics
Semantics
Looking at an object another person is pointing to OR following another person's gaze is:
Joint attention
APGAR score indicators
Motherese
Accommodation
Using exaggerated, higher pitched, slower speech patterns is:
Infant-directed speech
Holophrases
Telegraphic speech
None of the above
Observing behavior in real-world settings and making no effort to control the situation is:
A physiological measure
A survey/interview
Naturalistic observation
A case study
Which of the following is an example of a self-conscious emotion?
Fear
Anger
Joy
Guilt
A smile that occurs in response to external stimuli (typically a face) is:
A reflexive smile
A social smile
A basic smile
There is only one type of smile
A child with low activity level, who is somewhat negative, and displays a low intensity of mood is:
An easy child
A difficult child
A slow-to-warm-up child
An unhappy child
Strange situation: Baby no distressed when parent leaves, does not re-establish contact upon parent's return
Secure attachment
Insecure avoidant attachement
Insecure resistant attatchment
Insecure disorganized attachment
Erikson argues that the first year of infancy is marked by what stage:
Trust vs. mistrust
Autonomy vs. shame/doubt
Initiative vs. guilt
None of the above
An infant who reaches where an object was located earlier rather than where it was last hidden made:
An A-not-B error
An assimilation error
A habituation error
A perception error
