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WorksheetsTopic 2 Biochemistry Practice Qs
Total questions: 67
Worksheet time: 34mins
What is the study of chemical processes within living systems called?
Physics
Astronomy
Biochemistry
Geology
Which of the following is an example of an element?
Water
Oxygen
Sugar
Carbon dioxide
What is the smallest unit of an element?
Molecule
Cell
Atom
Proton
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge and is found in the center of an atom?
Electron
Neutron
Proton
Molecule
Where are electrons found in an atom?
In the center
Outside the center
In the nucleus only
In the periodic table
A molecule is best described as:
A single atom
A group of atoms bonded together
A type of element
A charged particle
Why can't an element be broken down into something else?
It is made of molecules
It is the simplest form of matter
It is always a liquid
It has a negative charge
Which of the following statements best explains the difference between a molecule and an atom?
Atoms are made of molecules.
Molecules are made of atoms bonded together.
Molecules and atoms are the same thing.
Atoms are larger than molecules.
If you were to build a model of a water molecule, which atoms would you need?
Two oxygen and one hydrogen
One oxygen and two hydrogen
Three hydrogen only
Two oxygen only
What does a pH value below 7 indicate about a solution?
It is acidic.
It is basic.
It is neutral.
It is salty.
Which of the following is true about organic substances?
They contain both carbon and hydrogen.
They contain only hydrogen.
They lack both carbon and hydrogen.
They contain only carbon.
What is a macromolecule?
A molecule containing a very large number of atoms.
A molecule with only one atom.
A molecule that is always acidic.
A molecule that cannot form proteins.
Which elements are proteins primarily made of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and sometimes Sulfur
Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, and Chlorine
Hydrogen, Helium, and Lithium
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Calcium
What determines the shape of a protein?
The number and sequence of amino acids
The amount of water present
The temperature of the environment
The color of the protein
Why is the shape of a protein important?
It determines the protein's function.
It determines the protein's color.
It determines the protein's taste.
It determines the protein's size.
If the amino acid sequence in a protein changes, what is likely to happen?
The protein may not work or be made.
The protein will become acidic.
The protein will dissolve in water.
The protein will turn into a carbohydrate.
Which of the following is an example of a macromolecule?
Protein
Water
Salt
Oxygen gas
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
0
14
3
Which of the following is a function of enzymes (organic catalysts) in the body?
Store genetic information
Change the rate of a chemical reaction
Provide energy for muscle contraction
Transport oxygen in the blood
What are the main elements that make up lipids?
Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur
Oxygen, Phosphorus, Nitrogen
Which of the following is NOT an example of a lipid?
Fats
Oils
Waxes
Glucose
Why are enzymes important in metabolic processes?
They store energy for later use
They provide structure for tissues
They speed up chemical reactions necessary for metabolism
They transport nutrients across membranes
A student claims that lipids are only used for energy storage. Using evidence from the material, how would you correct this statement?
Lipids are only used for insulation.
Lipids are also used for insulation and as protective cell coverings (membranes).
Lipids are only used to make hormones.
Lipids are not important in cells.
Which elements are carbohydrates composed of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur
Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates?
1:1
2:1
3:1
1:2
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
Amino acids
Nucleotides
Simple sugars or Monosaccharides
Fatty acids
Which of the following is the simplest type of carbohydrate?
Starch
Cellulose
Glucose
Glycogen
What is the main function of carbohydrates in cells?
Store genetic information
Provide short term energy
Build cell membranes
Transport oxygen
Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
Glucose
Fructose
Starch
Galactose
Nucleic acids are composed of which elements?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur
Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur, Phosphorus
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
Fatty acids
Amino acids
What is the function of DNA in cells?
Provides short term energy
Stores cellular information in the form of a code
Builds cell membranes
Transports oxygen
How does DNA influence an organism?
It provides energy for movement
It determines how an organism looks and acts
It helps digest food
It transports nutrients
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Ribosomal Acid
Nucleic Ribose Acid
Which base pairs with Adenine (A) in RNA?
Uracil (U)
Thymine (T)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)
What is the main function of RNA as described in the material?
Forms a copy of DNA for making proteins
Stores genetic information permanently
Breaks down proteins
Provides energy for the cell
Which of the following is NOT a base pairing in DNA?
Adenine (A) --- Uracil (U)
Adenine (A) --- Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C) --- Guanine (G)
None of the above
What do arrows often represent in scientific diagrams?
Chemical reactions or movement
The direction of sunlight
The amount of energy stored
The number of molecules present
Which statement best describes a chemical reaction?
A process where reactants are converted to products
A process where energy is only stored
A process where only atoms are rearranged
A process that never releases energy
How can chemical reactions affect the atoms in molecules?
They can rearrange the atoms to form new molecules
They can only break molecules apart
They can only combine molecules without changing atoms
They do not affect atoms at all
Why is the ability to store and release energy in molecules important for chemical reactions?
It allows cells to perform necessary functions
It prevents molecules from reacting
It makes molecules heavier
It stops the movement of atoms
Which of the following best describes a synthesis reaction?
A reaction that breaks a large substance into smaller parts.
A reaction that combines two or more substances into something larger.
A reaction that only involves water.
A reaction that does not change the substances involved.
What is an example of a synthesis reaction?
Hydrolysis of proteins
Dehydration synthesis of carbohydrates
Digestion of lipids
Denaturation of enzymes
Which process is described as breaking something large into two or more substances?
Synthesis
Digestion
Denaturation
Catalysis
What is the main difference between synthesis and digestion reactions?
Synthesis breaks down substances, digestion combines them.
Synthesis combines substances, digestion breaks them down.
Both synthesis and digestion only involve water.
Both synthesis and digestion produce energy.
Which of the following best describes the function of an enzyme?
A protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction
A molecule that stores genetic information
A type of sugar used for energy
A cell structure that produces proteins
Which of the following conditions can affect enzyme function?
Temperature, pH, and ionic conditions
Amount of sunlight
Presence of vitamins only
Type of cell membrane
What is the term for the process in which an enzyme loses its shape and can no longer function?
Denaturing
Hydrolysis
Dehydration synthesis
Diffusion
What is the area on an enzyme where the substrate fits perfectly called?
Active site
Product site
Reactant site
Catalyst site
What happens during hydrolysis?
Larger molecules are split apart by the addition of water
Small molecules are combined by the removal of water
Enzymes lose their shape
Proteins are created from amino acids
Which process involves combining small molecules with the removal of water to make a larger molecule?
Dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis
Denaturing
Diffusion
Why is the shape of the active site important for enzyme function?
It fits the shape of the substrate perfectly, allowing the enzyme to catalyze the reaction
It allows the enzyme to move through the cell membrane
It helps the enzyme store energy
It determines the color of the enzyme
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects enzyme function?
Amount of sunlight
Temperature
pH of surroundings
Ionic conditions
If an enzyme is exposed to extreme pH or temperature, what is most likely to happen?
It may lose its shape and not function properly
It will speed up all reactions
It will become a substrate
It will turn into a product
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration in living organisms?
To release energy from the chemical bonds of glucose molecules.
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.
To produce oxygen for the environment.
To create new cells.
Which molecule is used by cells to carry out life functions and metabolism?
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
Chlorophyll
What is the difference between the energy in the bonds of reactants and products during cellular respiration?
The energy in the bonds of the reactants is higher than the energy in the bonds of the products.
The energy in the bonds of the products is higher than the reactants.
There is no difference in energy between reactants and products.
Energy is only present in the products.
Why can some of the energy from cellular respiration be stored in ATP?
Because the difference in start to finish energy levels allows energy to be stored.
Because ATP is a waste product.
Because ATP is only produced in plants.
Because energy is not needed for cellular activities.
Which statement best describes the role of ATP in cells?
ATP stores and provides energy for cellular activities.
ATP is a type of waste product.
ATP is only found in plant cells.
ATP is used to absorb sunlight.
What is the main function of photosynthesis in plants?
To break down glucose for energy
To store the sun's energy in chemical bonds of glucose molecules
To release oxygen for animals to breathe
To absorb water from the soil
Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
6O₂ + 6H₂O → 6CO₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆
6CO₂ + 6O₂ → 6H₂O + C₆H₁₂O₆
According to the material, what is true about the energy in the reactants and products of photosynthesis?
The energy in the reactants is higher than the products
The energy in the reactants is the same as the products
The energy in the reactants is lower than the products
The energy in the products is lower than the reactants
Which process do all organisms, including plants, carry out all the time?
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Fermentation
Transpiration
During photosynthesis, what do plants take in and what do they give off?
Take in oxygen, give off carbon dioxide
Take in carbon dioxide, give off oxygen
Take in glucose, give off water
Take in water, give off glucose
How are the reactants of photosynthesis related to the products of respiration?
The reactants of photosynthesis are the same as the products of respiration.
The reactants of photosynthesis are completely unrelated to the products of respiration.
The reactants of photosynthesis are only water and sunlight.
The reactants of photosynthesis are only glucose and oxygen.
How are the reactants of respiration related to the products of photosynthesis?
The reactants of respiration are the same as the products of photosynthesis.
The reactants of respiration are unrelated to the products of photosynthesis.
The reactants of respiration are only carbon dioxide and water.
The reactants of respiration are only glucose and oxygen.
What is a major difference in terms of energy between the two reactions?
Photosynthesis stores energy, while respiration releases energy.
Both photosynthesis and respiration store energy.
Both photosynthesis and respiration release energy.
Photosynthesis and respiration do not involve energy changes.
