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WorksheetsA&P study guide
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 21mins
What are the functions of epithelial tissue?
Protects, absorbs, secretes, filters, and provides sensation
Stores fat and produces blood
Contracts for movement and heat
Sends electrical signals
Where do you find simple squamous epithelium?
Kidney tubules and glands
Stomach and intestines
Lungs (air sacs) and blood vessels
Skin and mouth
Where do you find simple cuboidal epithelium?
Lungs and air sacs
Kidney tubules and glands
Bladder
Heart wall
Where do you find simple columnar epithelium?
Skin and esophagus
Trachea
Kidneys
Stomach and intestines
Where do you find stratified squamous epithelium?
Bladder
Stomach lining
Skin, mouth, esophagus
Heart
Where do you find pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
Trachea and respiratory tract
Skin and nails
Stomach
Bladder
Where do you find transitional epithelium?
Stomach
Esophagus
Lungs
Bladder
What are glands?
Muscle fibers that contract
Groups of epithelial cells that produce and release substances
Bone cells for strength
Nerve cells for signaling
What are the two main types of glands?
Exocrine glands and endocrine glands
Sweat glands and oil glands
Salivary glands and thyroid glands
Pituitary and adrenal
What do exocrine glands do?
Release hormones into the blood
Contract muscles
Release substances onto surfaces or through ducts
Store calcium
Give skin examples of exocrine glands.
Thyroid and pituitary
Sweat glands (cooling) and sebaceous glands (oil)
Liver and pancreas
Salivary and adrenal
What do endocrine glands do?
Filter blood
Produce digestive enzymes
Release sweat onto the skin
Release hormones directly into the blood
Does the skin have endocrine function?
Yes, it produces vitamin D
No, only the thyroid does
Only the liver produces hormones
Skin only protects, no hormone function
What are the main functions of muscle tissue?
Absorption, filtration, secretion
Blood transport and immunity
Movement, posture, heat production
Communication and control
Where is muscle tissue found?
Skeletal , cardiac , smooth
Skin and nails
Stomach lining only
Nerves only
What makes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle unique?
Smooth: non-striated, involuntary, spindle-shaped
Cardiac: striated, involuntary, branched, intercalated discs
All muscles are identical
Skeletal: striated, voluntary, multinucleated
What are the main functions of connective tissue?
Produces heat
Sends electrical signals
Absorption and secretion
Support, protection, transport, storage, defense
Where is connective tissue found?
Skin only
Bone, fat, blood, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
Heart only
Brain only
How does structure relate to function in CT?
Loose CT cushions, dense CT resists tension, cartilage absorbs shock, bone supports, blood transports
All connective tissue has the same function
Cartilage stores fat, bone filters blood
Connective tissue only protects
What are the two main cell types in nervous tissue?
Osteocytes and chondrocytes
Keratinocytes and melanocytes
Neurons and neuroglia
Fibroblasts and adipocytes
What are the major parts of a neuron?
Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
Myelin, synapse, muscle fiber
Cell body, dendrites, axon
Axon terminal, collagen, vesicle
What is the function of nervous tissue?
Filtering and absorption
Movement and posture
Storage and insulation
Communication and control
How do simple and stratified epithelia differ?
Simple = one layer (absorption/filtration), Stratified = many layers (protection)
Both have many layers
Both are single layer
They don't differ
What are the shapes of epithelial cells?
Squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube), columnar (tall)
Round, star-shaped, triangular
Spindle, circular, branched
None of the above
Why is lung tissue simple squamous?
Protects against friction
Thin layer allows fast gas exchange
Stores oxygen
Produces mucus
What do tight junctions do?
Absorb nutrients
Anchor cells to basement membrane
Allow electrical signals
Prevent leaks between cells
What do gap junctions do?
Allow communication between cells
Prevent leaks
Anchor cells
Store proteins
What do desmosomes do?
Prevent leaks
Absorb water
Provide strong "button-like" connections
Allow diffusion
What do hemidesmosomes do?
Allow ions through
Create hormones
Attach cells to each other
Anchor cells to basement membrane
Where are intercalated discs found?
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Connective tissue
What cells are found in connective tissue?
Keratinocytes and melanocytes
Fibroblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteocytes
Neurons and neuroglia
Merkel and Ruffini cells
What cells are found in epithelial tissue?
Osteocytes, chondrocytes
Fibroblasts, adipocytes
Neurons, neuroglia
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, dendritic cells
What are the three main types of connective tissue?
Proper, fluid, supporting
Simple, stratified, squamous
Bone, muscle, skin
Cardiac, skeletal, smooth
What fibers are in connective tissue?
Cartilage fibers only
Nerve fibers
Actin and myosin
Collagen , elastic , reticular
Examples of connective tissue types?
Proper: skin, bone, cartilage
Proper: areolar, adipose, dense; Fluid: blood, lymph; Supporting: bone, cartilage
Only blood
Only bone and fat
What is interstitial growth?
Growth only on the surface
Growth by fat storage
Growth from within (expanding matrix)
No growth
What is appositional growth?
Growth from within
Growth at the surface (new layers added)
Shrinking of tissue
Only occurs in blood
What are the four tissue membranes?
Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, gland
Bone, cartilage, muscle, nerve
Simple, stratified, squamous, cuboidal
Mucous, serous, cutaneous, synovial
What are the 5 layers of epidermis (deep → surface)?
Basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
Spinosum, corneum, basale, lucidum, dermis
Reticular, papillary, dermis, epidermis
Cutaneous, mucous, serous, synovial
Which layer is only found in thick skin?
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
What are the main functions of the integumentary system?
Protection, sensation, temp regulation, vitamin D production, excretion
Movement, posture, and heat
Hormone production only
Gas exchange
Where is thick skin found?
Arms and legs
Face and scalp
Back and stomach
Palms and soles
