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WorksheetsAll Textbook Chapters Review Questions DEN111
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 2hrs 39mins
That period of an infectious disease between the initial infection and the time when the first symptoms occurs is called the:
Prodromal Period
Incubation Period
Acute Stage
Convalescent Stage
What microbe causes “strep throat”?
Myobacterium tuberculosis
Streptococcus Mutans
Streptococcus Pyogenes
E. Coli
What virus has caused the COVID-19 pandemic?
SARS-CoV-1
SARS-CoV-2
Influenza virus
MERS-CoV
This virus is found in adults and exhibits painful eruption and the vesicles or blisters run along the pathway of a sensory nerve. The virus is most likely: (a)
The occupational exposure most likely to produce disease is:
Parenteral stick
Aerosol Inhalation
Droplet Inhalation
Handshake
The "hiding place" link in the chain of infection where germs live, grow, and increase in numbers is better termed:
(a)
In order for an infection to take place, certain elements must be present. The first of these elements in the chain of infection is:
Portal of exit
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
Infectious agent
Means of Transmission
What bloodborne disease has the greatest potential for occupational transmission risk to dental professionals?
HIV
AIDS
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Which of the following types of respiratory infections is usually caused by inhaling or aspirating contaminated water?
Hepatitis
Chickenpox
Legionnaires Disease
Infectious Mononucleosis
Entrance of the herpes virus through breaks in the skin on unprotected hands and fingers can lead to vesicle development at these sites called: (a) .
That period of an infectious disease when the symptoms are at or near the maximum level is called the:
Prodromal Period
Incubation Period
Acute Stage
Convalescent Stage
The vaccine for Hepatitis B also protects against:
(a)
A (a) route of exposure to an infectious agent means that exposure occurred through the skin.
Hepatitis ______ virus in blood dried on an inanimate surface can remain infectious for up to 6 weeks.
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis ____ is a liver disease that is usually self-limiting with no chronic state. It is spread by contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis A
Also known as the “recovery phase”:
Prodromal Period
Incubation Period
Acute Stage
Convalescent Stage
________________ ___________________ may infect different blood cells or other tissues of the body, but during infection the pathogens exist in or are released into the blood or other body fluids.
(a)
A vaccine is available for which of the types of hepatitis:
Hepatitis A and Hepatitis C
Hepatitis B and Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D and Hepatitis C
What microbe causes denture stomatitis?
Streptococcus mutans
Herpes Simplex Virus
Candida albicans
Streptococcus pyogenes
HIV is a member of a group of single-stranded RNA viruses called:
Coronaviruses
Retroviruses
Influenza virus
Hepatitis viruses
The following is caused by Type 4 Human Herpes Virus:
Recurrent herpes
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
Infectious mononucleosis
Genital herpes
This stage of disease involves the appearance of early symptoms:
Prodromal Period
Incubation Period
Acute Stage
Convalescent Stage
This Coronavirus was first recognized in 2003
MERS
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-1
MRSA
This Hepatitis does not pose a particular threat to dental professionals because this form is primarily spread by the fecal-oral route involving consumption of contaminated food or water. There is no vaccine available for this type of Hepatitis.
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis A
The greatest occupational risks for exposure to hepatitis B virus are: (1) blood and saliva contamination of cuts and cracks in the skin or ungloved hands or hands with torn gloves; (2) spraying of blood and saliva onto open lesions on the skin or onto mucous membranes; and (3)
by ingesting contaminated water.
through injuries with contaminated sharps
through inhalation.
by shaking hands with patients.
Which of the following microbes can cause a respiratory disease (mainly in immunocompromised persons) and has emerged as opportunistic pathogen found in technologically advanced water handling devices including in dental unit waterlines?
Staphylococcus aureus
Bartonella henselae
Cryptosporidium parvum
Legionella pneumophilia
What is the most caries-conducing component of our diet?
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose
Lactose
What governmental agency regulates disinfectants?
The Environmental Protection Agency
The Department of Labor
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Occupational Health and Safety Administration
The category of bacteria on the hands that refers to the normal skin bacteria rather than the pathogens is called:
resistant
transient
resident
a colony
According to the bloodborne pathogens standard who must provide gloves, masks, eyeglasses and protective clothing to the dental assistant in the office?
The employing dentist must supply this protective equipment.
The dental assistant must supply her/his own protective equipment.
OSHA must supply this protective equipment.
A dental sales representative of a protective equipment manufacturer must provide the protective equipment to the office free of charge.
The goal of ____________ ___________ is to reduce the number of microbes that are shared between individuals.
(a)
An ASTM level (a) facemask is used for moderate to heavy amounts of fluid exposure
When putting on your protective barriers, which barrier should be put on last just before patient care begins?
Protective clothing
Protective eyewear
Gloves
Mask
ASTM levels 1, 2, and 3 classifications of facemasks refer to what property of the masks?
Cost of the masks
Fit
Color stability
Fluid resistance
There is no vaccine for which of the following diseases?
Measles
Mumps
Influenza
Hepatitis C
The vaccine for Hepatitis B also protects against
(a)
Microbes that are usually involved in the spread of disease from the hands are (a) skin flora. They can be removed or greatly reduced by routine hand hygiene
A handwashing consisting of 2 latherings of 20 seconds each is recommended at the beginning of the day. What type of handwash should be done between patients?
2 latherings of 20-25 seconds each
1 lathering of 15-20 seconds each
3 latherings of 10 seconds each
3 latherings of 10-15 seconds each
Hepatitis C and (a) are both bloodborne hepatitis viruses.
Wearing gloves at chairside helps prevent which of the following routes of entry of patient's microbes into the body?
inhalation
ingestion
mucous membranes
percutaneous
Performing hand hygiene before gloving
Kills all of the resident and transient skin flora
Makes the gloves fit better
Prevents the gloves from tearing
Reduces the number of bacteria on the skin that may multiply beneath the gloves
The most common type of skin reaction to gloves is:
Latex allergy
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Which two infections are caused by the varicella-zoster virus?
Tuberculosis and HIV
Hepatitis and cytomegalovirus
Chickenpox and shingles
HIV and herpes
An ASTM level (a) facemask is used for moderate amounts of fluid exposure
Which of the following PPE (personal protective equipment) is used to prevent inhalation of droplets and/or spatter?
Overgloves
Protective eyewear
Mask
Face shield
Which of the following protective barriers are to be worn when processing contaminated instruments?
Gloves and mask
Gloves, mask, and protective clothing
Gloves, mask, protective clothing, and protective eyewear
Gloves
When should standard precautions be practiced?
with patients suspected to be positive for HBV or HIV
with patients known to be HIV positive
at all times for all patients
for most patients, family members, and some others you just know do not have communicable diseases
Current __________ standards require certain immunization records to be maintained for all-risk employees.
OSHA
EPA
FDA
CDC
An ASTM level (a) facemask is used for low amounts of fluid exposure
The ___________ has placed strict requirements on glove manufacturers to help ensure a high quality of these medical devices.
OSHA
EPA
FDA
CDC
Engineering controls to prevent occupational exposure are:
items used to help prevent exposure
procedures used to help prevent exposure
designs developed by engineers to prevent exposures
none of the above
OSHA requires that bloodborne pathogen training records be kept:
length of time is not specified by OSHA
10 years
3 years
30 years
Which of the following is one of the purposes of OSHA?
To protect patients in healthcare facilities from infectious diseases and hazardous chemicals
To test and approve all products used for infection control
To encourage employers and employees to reduce workplace hazards and implement safety programs
To determine the hazards of all chemicals and issue material safety data sheets for those chemicals
Why are two disinfecting towelettes used during the wipe-discard-wipe procedure?
The first one disinfects the surface and the second one re-disinfects the surface for double assurance
The first one cleans the surface and the second one disinfects the surface
The first one wets the surface and the second one cleans the surface
The first one disinfects the surface and the second one cleans the surface
Safe injection practices recommended by the CDC include:
using multiple dose injection medication vials rather than the single dose vials whenever possible
disinfecting the rubber septum on a medication vial with alcohol before using
wearing heavy utility gloves when recapping used needles by hand
using sterilizable needles for administering local anesthesia
One should not use bleach (sodium hypochlorite) to flush or clean out the vacuum line.
True
False
Which of the following will best reduce the spread of patient microbes to environmental surfaces?
touching as few surfaces as possible
using disposable high-volume evacuator tips
switching from disposable to reusable air/water syringe tips
not having carpeting on the operatory floor
Which of the following infection control procedures best minimizes the patient-to-dental team route of transmission when patient treatment involves using of a high-speed handpiece?
sterilization of the handpiece
the high-volume evacuator
pre-procedure mouth rinse
use of sterile gloves
What barriers should be worn before changing the vacuum line trap?
gloves, masks, protective eyewear, and protective clothing
gloves, mask, and protective eyewear
gloves
gloves and mask
Research has shown that in one of five cases, fluids from the line may be retracted back into the patient's mouth if the patient closes his/her lip around the:
saliva ejector
high-speed handpiece
air/water syringe tip
high-volume evacuator
How does a preprocedure mouthrinse contribute to infection control?
it will eliminate plaque and calculus and begin to reverse dental caries by adding calcium back to the demineralized portions of the teeth
it will anesthetize the mouth and eliminate the need for an injection
it will temporarily reduce the number of oral microorganisms that come out of the mouth during dental care
it will permanently kill all microorganisms in the mouth
Most, if not all, unmodified dental units produce water that is below the standard for drinking water.
True
False
Any water that passes through dental unit waterlines containing biofilm will become heavily contaminated.
True
False
Which of the following is a waterborne bacterium that can cause a harmful infection in compromised persons?
Candida albicans
Herpes simplex
Legionella pneumophila
Streptococcus mutans
What would be needed for a dental office to continue to perform restorations and give prophys under a "boil water notice"?
a dry heat sterilizer and sterile treatment gloves
an independent water reservoir on the dental units and an alcohol hand rub
an unsaturated chemical vapor sterilizer and a high-level disinfectant
masks with attached face shields and barriers for all of the clinical contact surfaces in the operatory
The level of microbes in water coming out of an unmodified dental unit is almost always:
higher than drinking water
zero
lower than drinking water
the same as drinking water
Improvement in the microbial quality of dental unit water may involve use of an independent water reservoir which is:
a lake that supplies treated water to healthcare facilities for patient treatment
a bottle attached to the dental unit that supplies the treatment water or other solutions
a city water tower that supplies water to the healthcare facilities for patient treatment
an independent waterline from the city water treatment plant that is directly plumbed into dental units
How does biofilm in dental unit waterlines affect the microbial concentration in the water coming out of the dental unit?
it may cause a decrease in the microbes in the water
it causes and increase int he microbes in the water
it does not affect the microbes in the water
it always causes a decrease in the microbes in the water
Compare the potential for microbial contamination of dental unit water with that dental unit air?
air contains more microbes than water
air contains fewer microbes than water
air is sterile and water is not
air has about the same level of microbes as water
Which of the following protective barriers are to be worn when disinfecting a surface?
utility gloves
utility gloves, mask and protective clothing
utility gloves and mask
utility gloves, mask, protective clothing, protective eyewear
Which of the following germicidal agents is least desirable as a surface disinfectant?
iodophors
phenolics
alcohols
chlorines
What microbe is not killed by low-level disinfectants nor intermediate-level disinfectants?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bacterial spore
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Staphylococcus auerus
The spray-wipe-spray procedure is a technique for:
adding a rust inhibitor to instruments prior to ultrasonic cleaning
washing your hands
disinfecting surfaces or objects
flushing out your eye after a chemical exposure
Supplying sterile forceps or cotton pliers with each instrument set-up to reach into containers of bulk supplies (e.g., cotton rolls, or cotton pledgets) is best referred to as:
high-tech management
aseptic retrievel
antisepsis
unit dosing
If you properly use surface covers on clinical contact surfaces at chairside for each patient, which of the following is not necessary?
use gloves for patient care
package the instruments before sterilization
wear protective clothing at chairside
clean and disinfect those surfaces between patients
How often should a surface cover on a dental light handle or light switch be replaced?
only after a high-speed handpiece is used on a patient
after every three patients
when the cover is visibly soiled
after every patient
How can you tell if a disinfectant has been registered with the EPA?
its label displays a registration number
its label states that it is a hospital disinfectant
its label displays a blue "R"
its label states that it is tuberculocidal
According to the CDC low-level disinfectants can be used on clinical contact surfaces if they are EPA-registered as a hospital disinfectant and have been shown to kill:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis
human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus
human immunodeficiency virus
Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Why would alcohol hand-rubs be considered as fire hazards?
their containers are made of a special plastic that have a low ignition point
they are also recommended for disinfecting electrical components
alcohol is flammable
the moisturizers used in these preparations are explosive when warmed above 37 degrees C
Which of the following statements is one of the nine required elements of a written fire safety plan?
develop an exposure control plan
location of the SDSs for all chemicals in the office
installation of eyewash stations
employee training
What is a good way to account for all employees following an evacuation?
predesignate an assembly area outside the facility and take a headcount after the evacuation
have someone stand at the exit and count them as they pass
go through the facility and make sure everyone is out
have each employee call a specific person indicating their safety
A facility has two special needs staff persons who may need assistance during an evaluation. How should this be addressed?
make sure these persons know where everyone is to gather after the evacuation
provide these persons with the names and contact information of those responsible for the developing the evacuation plan
train the special needs persons to help each other evacuate
appoint an evacuation warden to assist these persons during an evacuation
Who prepares the original Safety Data Sheets?
the employer dentist
the governmental agency that developed the Hazard Communication Standard
the manufacturer of the chemical
the dental assisting staff must prepare the original from information provided by the chemical manufacturer
When was the most recent Federal update of OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard?
199
2012
2005
1991
The purpose of the Hazard Communications Standard is to:
Requiring employers to protect employees from being contaminated with patients' body fluids during all work activities is part of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. It is part of the standard to ensure the hazards of chemicals are evaluated and that information concerning their hazards is transmitted to employers and employees. It is not part of the standard to keep patients informed of the dangers related to fire, flood, and tornados that may occur during their appointment. It is not part of the standard to have health care employees identify and report all potential work hazards to their employers.
ensure that the hazards of chemicals are evaluated and that information concerning their hazards is transmitted to employers and employees
have health care employees identify and report all potential work hazards to their employers
prevent exposures of employees to bloodborne pathogens at work
keep patients informed of the dangers related to fire, flood, and tornados that may occur during their appointment
The OSHA-required written Hazard Communication Program for each dental office must contain:
an Exposure Control Plan
a list of all job classifications in which employees in those jobs have occupational exposure
the name of the person responsible for implementing the program
the procedures for post-exposure medical evaluation
How does one determine the hazard potential of a new bonding agent just before it's used in the office?
ask a fellow employee who has already used the chemical
ask the employer
read the label and the Safety Data Sheet
try to contact the chemical manufacturer
Before the 2012 update of OSHA's Hazard Communication Plan, Safety Data Sheets (SDS) were referred to as:
Written Safety Data Sheets
Material Safety Data Sheets
Chemical Safety Data Sheets
Hygiene Safety Data Sheets
A new spray disinfectant has been ordered for the office. What should be done to comply with the Hazard Communication Standard when it arrives?
revise the Exposure Control Plan
update the employee medical records
file the Safety Data Sheet and revise the list of chemicals
add to the list of universal precautions
How should instrument packages/cassettes be placed into the sterilizer chamber?
on their edges or in a single layer
packed tightly to reduce any air space between the packages or cassettes
layered flat and stacked upon one another
one cassette or package at a time regardless of its size
Instruments that are sterilized but are not packaged or wrapped must be
placed in a sealed pouch as quickly as possible
stored in a disinfected cabinet
used immediately
resterilized
According to CDC, chemical integrated monitors should be used:
once a week
one in every package
one in every load
one in every third load
HBV can be transmitted through direct contact. HBV can be transmitted through indirect contact.
both statements are true
first statement is false. second statement is true.
both statements are false.
first statement is true. second statement is false.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to provide specific training to their healthcare employees on:
strep throat
bloodborne diseases
chickenpox and shingles
herpes labialis
OSHA is a branch of the state and federal government whose purpose is to protect the:
patient
employee
employer
all of the above
How often must the Exposure Control Plan for a dental office be reviewed and updated?
every 6 months
only when changes occur in the way things are done in the office
there is no set time for review
once a year and/or as changes occur
Which of the following items in a dental office do NOT need a biohazard sign affixed:
trash can
sharp's container
ultrasonic cleaner
autoclave
How often must employees in a dental office be trained on the Hazard Communication Program?
at initial employment
every year
as new products are purchased
at initial employment and as new products are purchased
all of the above
Work practice controls are:
items used to reduce chance of occupational exposure
behaviors used to reduce chance of occupational exposure
items designed by OSHA engineers to reduce a chance of occupational exposure
written exposure control plans to reduce chance of occupational exposure
Waste defined as "regulated" by OSHA must be:
in a red bag or container
in a container which has a biohazard symbol
any of the above
