WorksheetsHEMA-7
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 45mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
dehydration
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
2.
hemoconcentration
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
3.
insufficient centrifugation
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
4.
buffy coat inclusion in the reading
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
5.
hemolysis
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
6.
introduction of excess interstitial fluid
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
7.
A patient has a hemoglobin level of 8.0 g/dL. According to the rule of three, what is the expected range for the hematocrit?
a)
a. 21% to 24%
b)
b. 23.7% to 24.3%
c)
c. 24% to 27%
d)
d. 21% to 27%
8.
increased anticoagulant concentration
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
9.
improper sealing
a)
Falsely Increased hematocrit
b)
Falsely Decreased hematocrit
10.
o Average volume of an individual RBC
a)
Mean Cell Volume
b)
Mean Cell hemoglobin
c)
Mean Cell hemoglobin concentration
11.
Average weight or amount of hemoglobin in an individual RBC
a)
Mean Cell Volume
b)
Mean Cell hemoglobin
c)
Mean Cell hemoglobin concentration
12.
MCH follows the
a)
Mean Cell Volume
b)
Mean Cell hemoglobin
c)
Mean Cell hemoglobin concentration
13.
o Mean concentration of hemoglobin in the average RBC
a)
Mean Cell Volume
b)
Mean Cell hemoglobin
c)
Mean Cell hemoglobin concentration
14.
• CLASSICALLY defined as increased hematocrit level above normal
a)
Polycythemia
b)
Iron deficiency anemia
c)
Thalassemia
d)
Anemia of chronic inflammation
15.
in clinical setting: polycythemia occurs when __ and ___ are elevating (reflecting an elevation of the total erythrocyte volume)
a)
hematocrit
b)
hemoglobin
c)
wbc
d)
rbc
e)
plt
16.
elevated total red cell mass
a)
absolute polycythemia
b)
relative polycythemia
17.
normal total red cell mass, nut hematocrit is increased because plasma volume is decreased
a)
absolute polycythemia
b)
relative polycythemia
18.
Diminished plasma volume: dehydration; shock
a)
absolute polycythemia
b)
relative polycythemia
19.
Spurious polycythemia (stress polycythemia; Gaisböck’s syndrome)
a)
absolute polycythemia
b)
relative polycythemia
20.
*Decreased oxygen LOADING: hypoxia, high altitude; pulmonary disease; cyanotic heart disease; carboxyhemoglobinemia; methemoglobinemia; Hb M
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
21.
Decreased oxygen UNLOADING: high oxygen affinity hemoglobinopathy, biphosphoglycerate deficiency
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
22.
Neoplasms: Wilms’ tumor, renal carcinoma ;cerebellar hemangioma; hepatoma
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
23.
Localized tissue hypoxia: polycystic kidney; renal artery stenosis
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
24.
Post-renal transplant
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
25.
Acute hepatitis
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
26.
Primary familial congenital polycythemia (mutated Epo receptor)
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
27.
Mutated EPO receptor
a)
Primary familial congenital polycythemia
b)
Chuvash polycythemia
c)
Polycythemia vera
28.
Mutated VHL
a)
Primary familial congenital polycythemia
b)
Chuvash polycythemia
c)
Polycythemia vera
29.
JAK2 V617F
a)
Primary familial congenital polycythemia
b)
Chuvash polycythemia
c)
Polycythemia vera
30.
Chuvash polycythemia
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
31.
Primary familial congenital
polycythemia
a)
Secondary polycythemia with appropriately increased EPO production
b)
Secondary polycythemia with inappropriately increased EPO production
c)
Genetic polycythemia
32.
ESR is _____ to the RBC mass
a)
Directly proportional
b)
Inversely proportional
33.
ESR is _____ to plasma viscosity
a)
Directly proportional
b)
Inversely proportional
34.
ESR in sickle cell is disease is ____ in absence of painful crisis
a)
Decreased
b)
Increased
35.
ESR in sickle cell is disease is moderately ___ 1 week into crisis
a)
Decreased
b)
Increased
36.
ESR in osteomyelitis is ___, helpful in following therapy
a)
Decreased
b)
Increased
37.
In stroke, ESR of ___ has poorer prognosis
a)
>=28 mm/h
b)
>=37 mm/h
c)
>22 mm/h
d)
100 mm/h
38.
In prostate cancer, ESR ____ has higher incidence of disease progression and death
a)
>=28 mm/h
b)
>=37 mm/h
c)
>22 mm/h
d)
100 mm/h
39.
In coronary artery disease ESR ___ in white men had high risk of CAD
a)
>=28 mm/h
b)
>=37 mm/h
c)
>22 mm/h
d)
100 mm/h
40.
In patients with known cancer: when value exceeds ___, metastasis are usually present
a)
>=28 mm/h
b)
>=37 mm/h
c)
>22 mm/h
d)
100 mm/h
41.
ESR has ___ specificity and sensitivity
a)
Low
b)
High
42.
results are determined after 1 hr. & after 2 hrs.
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
43.
Anticoagulant: 3.8% sodium citrate (black top) B:AC = 4:1
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
44.
results are determined after 1 hr
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
45.
Most commonly used method
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
46.
Recommended by the ICSH and CLSI
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
47.
Anticoagulant used: EDTA
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
48.
Diluents: 0.85% NaCl or 3.8% sodium citrate
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
49.
Diluted sample is placed in a 200-mm column with an internal diameter of 2.55 mm or more.
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
50.
Anticoagulant used: double oxalate or EDTA
a)
Westergren
b)
Modified Westergren
c)
Wintrobe
51.
The Left side (red) → 0 (top) and 10 cm (bottom) of wintrobe is used for
a)
for ESR
b)
for microhematocrit
c)
for macrohematocrit
52.
The Right side (white) → 10 cm (top) and 0 (bottom) of wintrobe is used for
a)
for ESR
b)
for microhematocrit
c)
for macrohematocrit
53.
✓ a bench top analyzer designed to measure ESR in 20 samples
a)
UD-10
b)
Ves-matic 20
c)
Sediplast
d)
Vidas
54.
blood is obtained in special cuvets, and mixed by the instrument ; samples are then left to sediment for a specific period
a)
UD-10
b)
Ves-matic 20
c)
Sediplast
d)
Vidas
55.
✓ 18-degree slant of the tubes with respect to the vertical axis: causes acceleration in sedimentation, allowing results comparable to those of Westergren at the 1st hour to be obtained in only 25 minutes, while those comparable to Westergren at the 2nd hour require only 45 minutes
✓ The optoelectric sensors automatically read the RBC sedimentation level.
a)
UD-10
b)
Ves-matic 20
c)
Sediplast
d)
Vidas
56.
Reference intervel in modified westergren: 0 to 15 mm/hour
a)
Males 0 to 50 years old
b)
Males >50 years old
c)
Females 0 to 50 years old
d)
Females >50 years old
57.
Reference intervel in modified westergren: 0 to 30 mm/hour
a)
Males 0 to 50 years old
b)
Males >50 years old
c)
Females 0 to 50 years old
d)
Females >50 years old
58.
Because of lack of space in the laboratory, the rack of sedimentation rate tubes was placed directly on top of a small refrigerator. What are the three possible effects on the ESR results?
a)
A falsely decreased (↓) ESR – because of lower temperatures from air rushing out on opening the refrigerator or freezer
b)
A falsely increased (↑) ESR – because of vibrations from opening and closing the refrigerator and freezer doors
c)
A falsely increased (↑) ESR – because of heat released from the refrigerator motor
d)
All of the above
e)
None of the above
59.
Which of the following would be associated with an elevated ESR value?
a)
Microcytosis
b)
Polycythemia
c)
Decreased globulins
d)
Inflammation
60.
Reference intervel in modified westergren: 0 to 20 mm/hour
a)
Males 0 to 50 years old
b)
Males >50 years old
c)
Females 0 to 50 years old
d)
Females >50 years old
61.
A patient with polycythemia vera who is treated with phlebotomy is most likely to develop a deficiency of:
a)
a. Iron
b)
b. Vitamin B12
c)
c. Folic acid
d)
d. Erythropoietin
62.
In a patient with an increased red cell mass into the 99th percentile and serum erythropoietin level below reference range for normal, which of the following criteria confirms a diagnosis of polycythemia vera?
a)
a. bone marrow panmyelosis
b)
b. inv(16) mutation
c)
c. JAK2 V617F mutation
d)
d. BCR/ABL1 translocation
63.
Increased cholesterol
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
64.
Tilted ESR tube
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
65.
Pregnancy
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
66.
Advance age
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
67.
Inflammatory condition
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
68.
High room temperature
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
69.
Vibration
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
70.
Increased fibrinogen
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
71.
Anemia
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
72.
Macrocytosis
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
73.
Leukemia
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
74.
Increased gamma globulins
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
75.
Cachexia
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
76.
Congestive heart failure
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
77.
Newborn status
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
78.
Clotted blood sample
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
79.
Delay in testing
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
80.
Bubbles in ESR column
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
81.
Increased bile salts
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
82.
Increased glucose
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
83.
Increased albumin
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
84.
Decreased albumin
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
85.
Decreased gamma globulins
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
86.
Decreased fibrinogen
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
87.
Leukocytosis
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
88.
Increased phospholipids
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
89.
Narrow ESR column diameter
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
90.
Low room temperature
a)
Increased ESR
b)
Decreased ESR
100 %
