The Eastern Roman Empire became known as the _____

In 330 the emperor ______ formally dedicated a new capital for the Roman Empire.

What name did Constantine give to the new capital city?

The Byzantine Empire took its name from the ancient Greek city ______, on which Constantinople was built.

During whose reign did the first great period of Byzantine history and culture occur?

Who was Justinian's wife, known for her timely counsel and strong will?

In 532, a riot broke out in Constantinople threatening to topple Justinian from power. What was the name of this uprising?

What was Justinian's chief objective after the Nika Revolt?

One of the most enduring achievements of the Byzantine Empire was the preservation of Roman law. What was the name of the systematic arrangement of laws that clarified Roman legal principles?

From the Byzantine period comes the finest example of Byzantine architecture, the Church of ________, meaning 'Holy Wisdom.'

When Constantine founded 'New Rome,' what did he establish?

Who became the most important religious leader in the West after the founding of 'New Rome'?

Fill in the blank: The patriarch of __________ held the most important religious position in the East after the founding of 'New Rome'.

This led eventually to the division between the Roman Catholic Church in the West and the __________ in the East.

What did the eastern church use in their worship?

What does 'excommunicated' mean?

In the seventh century, the Byzantine Empire had to reckon with a new and energetic force—the _________

What secret weapon helped defend Constantinople?

This period of military success reached its height under which Byzantine emperor?

Which city in Italy challenged Byzantine trade supremacy in the eastern Mediterranean?

The Seljuk Turks emerged as a powerful force in the _______.

The important Byzantine territory of Asia Minor fell to fierce warriors in 1071, when they annihilated the Byzantine army at the Battle of _______.

What was the purpose of the Crusades as mentioned in the passage?

When the Turks brought an end to the Byzantine Empire, what protective barrier did they destroy?

Who were the two Byzantine missionaries that went to the Slavic peoples of Russia and southeastern Europe?

What is the name of the favorite decorative art that graced the walls and ceilings of Byzantine churches?

The largest group in modern Russia is the ________, whose ancestors played a major role in establishing the early Russian state.

During the eighth and ninth centuries, bands of Swedish Norsemen, known to the Slavs and Byzantines as ________, sailed south from the Baltic Sea using the waterways.

According to the passage, who gained control of Novgorod about 862, marking the traditional beginning of Russian history?

Shortly after Rurik’s death, ______ became the center of the early Russian state.

Which ruler adopted Eastern Orthodoxy for Kievan Rus in 988?

Russian culture bears a strong ______ imprint.

What is the cradle of Islam?

Arabs trace their beginnings back to Abraham through his son _______.

Nomads, called ________, roamed the desert in search of pastureland and water for their herds of goats, sheep, and camels.

Shortly after the death of the Byzantine emperor Justinian in 565, who was born in Arabia?

Muhammad (570–632) claimed to be the last and greatest of the prophets of the god _____

What is the name of the religious movement based on Muhammad's teachings, meaning 'submission' to the will of Allah?

Muhammad's followers are known as _____

Mecca was a center of religious worship because the ______ was located there. This stone building served as a sacred shrine that housed hundreds of idols.

Mecca became the 'holy city' of which new religious system?

What is the holy book of Islam?

What is the central doctrine taught by the Qur'an?

The Qur’an teaches Muslims to fear Allah’s punishment if basic religious practices are not observed. These rituals are called the Five Pillars of Islam. What does the word 'Salat' mean?

What does the word 'Zakat' refer to?

What is Hajj? Fill in the blank: The Hajj is a pilgrimage to ________. Every Muslim who is physically and financially able is commanded to make at least one trip to this place in his lifetime.

Who were the first four successors of Muhammad chosen from among?

What were the men who directed the affairs of Islam called?

Which caliph initiated a policy of military conquest that led to the creation of a vast Arab empire founded upon Islam?