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Elements & Compounds in Living Things

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Living things are made of _______ and _______.

a)

elements, compounds

b)

cells, tissues

c)

atoms, molecules

d)

proteins, carbohydrates

2.

Which of the following combine to form the macromolecules essential for life?

a)

Elements

b)

Compounds

c)

Atoms

d)

Cells

3.

Understanding elements and compounds helps explain how cells survive and function.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

What is an element?

a)

A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances

b)

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

c)

A mixture of different atoms

d)

A type of molecule

5.

The smallest unit of an element is a(n) _______.

a)

atom

b)

molecule

c)

cell

d)

proton

6.

Elements are made up of only one kind of _______.

a)

atom

b)

molecule

c)

compound

d)

mixture

7.

Which of the following is an example of an element?

a)

Water (H2O)

b)

Oxygen (O2)

c)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

d)

Glucose (C6H12O6)

8.

Which of the following is NOT an important element in living things?

a)

Carbon (C)

b)

Hydrogen (H)

c)

Sodium (Na)

d)

Sulfur (S)

9.

Match the element with its symbol:

a)

O

1.

A

b)

S

2.

B

c)

N

3.

C

d)

H

4.

D

e)

C

5.

E

10.

A compound forms when two or more ______ combine chemically.

a)

elements

b)

atoms

c)

molecules

d)

compounds

11.

What is the smallest unit of a compound?

a)

A molecule

b)

An atom

c)

A cell

d)

A nucleus

12.

Which of the following is an example of a compound?

a)

Oxygen (O2)

b)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

c)

Nitrogen (N2)

d)

Hydrogen (H2)

13.

How many oxygen atoms are in a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2)?

a)

2

b)

1

c)

3

d)

0

14.

Most elements in living things are found as compounds.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

Molecules are the building blocks of ______ and life.

a)

cells

b)

atoms

c)

organs

d)

tissues

16.

What is the chemical formula for water?

a)

H2O

b)

CO2

c)

O2

d)

H2SO4

17.

Water (H2O) is made up of how many hydrogen atoms and how many oxygen atoms?

a)

2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

b)

1 hydrogen atom and 2 oxygen atoms

c)

2 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms

d)

1 hydrogen atom and 1 oxygen atom

18.

About how much of your body is made up of water?

a)

One-third

b)

Two-thirds

c)

Half

d)

Three-fourths

19.

Which of the following is NOT a role of water in cells?

a)

Dissolves chemicals that cells need

b)

Allows most chemical reactions to take place

c)

Helps cells keep their shape

d)

Provides energy for cells

20.

Water helps cells keep their shape, similar to what?

a)

Air in a balloon

b)

Water in a glass

c)

Sand in a box

d)

Light in a room

21.

Water prevents rapid temperature changes in cells.

a)

True

b)

False

22.

Without water, cells could not function ________.

a)

properly

b)

slowly

c)

randomly

d)

loudly

23.

Which of the following statements is true about organic compounds?

a)

They do not contain carbon.

b)

They contain carbon.

c)

They are always inorganic.

d)

They are not vital to life.

24.

Inorganic compounds do not contain _____

a)

carbon.

b)

hydrogen.

c)

oxygen.

d)

nitrogen.

25.

Which of the following is an example of an organic compound?

a)

Water

b)

Sodium chloride

c)

Glucose

d)

Table salt

26.

Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Water

d)

Nucleic acids

27.

Both organic and inorganic compounds are vital to life.

a)

True

b)

False

28.

Which group of organic compounds includes sugars and starches?

a)

Carbohydrates (CHO)

b)

Lipids (CHO)

c)

Proteins (CHONS)

d)

Nucleic acids (CHONP)

29.

Which group of organic compounds includes fats, oils, and waxes?

a)

Carbohydrates (CHO)

b)

Lipids (CHO)

c)

Proteins (CHONS)

d)

Nucleic acids (CHONP)

30.

Which group of organic compounds is made up of amino acid chains?

a)

Carbohydrates (CHO)

b)

Lipids (CHO)

c)

Proteins (CHONS)

d)

Nucleic acids (CHONP)

31.

Which group of organic compounds includes DNA and RNA?

a)

Carbohydrates (CHO)

b)

Lipids (CHO)

c)

Proteins (CHONS)

d)

Nucleic acids (CHONP)

32.

These macromolecules are the building blocks of cells and control _________.

a)

life processes

b)

cell walls

c)

genetic mutations

d)

energy drinks

33.

What elements are carbohydrates made of?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

b)

Nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen

c)

Carbon, nitrogen, sulfur

d)

Oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus

34.

Carbohydrates include sugars and _______.

a)

starches

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

vitamins

35.

Carbohydrates are produced during _______ in plants.

a)

photosynthesis

b)

respiration

c)

transpiration

d)

germination

36.

Which of the following is the main energy source for cells?

a)

Protein

b)

Glucose

c)

Fat

d)

Cellulose

37.

Plants store _______ for energy.

a)

starch

b)

protein

c)

cellulose

d)

glucose

38.

Cellulose, a carbohydrate, forms _______ in plants.

a)

plant cell walls

b)

chloroplasts

c)

starch granules

d)

mitochondria

39.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a carbohydrate-rich food?

a)

Potatoes

b)

Rice

c)

Chicken

d)

Bread

40.

Lipids include which of the following?

a)

fats, oils, waxes

b)

proteins, amino acids, nucleotides

c)

starch, cellulose, glycogen

d)

enzymes, hormones, antibodies

41.

Do lipids contain more energy than carbohydrates?

a)

True

b)

False

42.

Cells store energy in ______ for later use.

a)

lipids

b)

proteins

c)

nucleic acids

d)

water

43.

Which of the following is a function of lipids?

a)

Short-term energy storage

b)

Long-term energy storage (ex: bears in hibernation)

c)

DNA replication

d)

Protein synthesis

44.

What is the main component of cell membranes?

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic acids

45.

Lipids provide waterproofing in ______ and ______.

a)

plants and animals

b)

bacteria and fungi

c)

viruses and protozoa

d)

algae and yeast

46.

What elements are proteins primarily made of?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

b)

Carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

c)

Oxygen, nitrogen, calcium, and iron

d)

Hydrogen, sulfur, and magnesium

47.

The building blocks of proteins are called _________. (There are 20 types.)

a)

amino acids

b)

fatty acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

monosaccharides

48.

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

a)

Structural parts of cells

b)

Speeding up chemical reactions

c)

Storing genetic information

d)

Forming organelles

49.

Which of the following is an example of a protein?

a)

Feathers

b)

Spider webs

c)

Fingernails

d)

All of the above

50.

The sequence of ________ determines the type of protein, like letters forming different words.

a)

amino acids

b)

fatty acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

sugars

51.

Enzymes are ______ that act as catalysts.

a)

proteins

b)

lipids

c)

carbohydrates

d)

nucleic acids

52.

What do enzymes do in living things?

a)

Slow down chemical reactions

b)

Speed up chemical reactions

c)

Stop chemical reactions

d)

Have no effect on chemical reactions

53.

Without enzymes, many reactions would be too slow to support life.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

An example of how enzymes work in the human body is:

a)

Amylase breaking down starch into sugars in the mouth.

b)

Hemoglobin transporting oxygen in the blood.

c)

Insulin regulating blood sugar levels.

d)

White blood cells fighting infections.

55.

Enzymes in saliva break down ______ into sugar during digestion.

a)

starch

b)

protein

c)

fat

d)

vitamin

56.

What are nucleic acids?

a)

Small molecules that store energy

b)

Very large molecules that store and transmit genetic information

c)

Molecules that provide structural support

d)

Molecules that speed up chemical reactions

57.

Which elements are found in nucleic acids?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

b)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur

c)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, calcium

d)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, magnesium

58.

The two main types of nucleic acids are ______ and ______.

a)

DNA and RNA

b)

Glucose and Fructose

c)

Amino acids and Fatty acids

d)

ATP and ADP

59.

What is the function of DNA?

a)

Helps produce proteins

b)

Directs cell activities and passes traits

c)

Stores energy

d)

Provides structural support

60.

Where is RNA found?

a)

Only in the nucleus

b)

Only in the cytoplasm

c)

In the cytoplasm and nucleus

d)

In the cell membrane

61.

Nucleic acids control the instructions for all ______ functions.

a)

life

b)

mechanical

c)

chemical

d)

electrical

62.

The elements C, H, O, N, P, and S are essential to _____

a)

life

b)

metals

c)

rocks

d)

plastics

63.

Compounds form molecules, which are the building blocks of _____

a)

cells

b)

atoms

c)

planets

d)

rocks

64.

Water is essential for cell structure, _____, and stability.

a)

reactions

b)

colors

c)

sounds

d)

textures

65.

Which of the following organic compounds provides energy and structure?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

66.

Which organic compound is responsible for stored energy and membranes?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

67.

Proteins provide _____ and enzymes.

a)

structure

b)

energy

c)

vitamins

d)

carbohydrates

68.

Nucleic acids provide _____ information.

a)

genetic

b)

thermal

c)

mechanical

d)

chemical

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