A benign, slow-growing glioma in the cerebellum of children is:

The most common primary adult brain tumor is:

A KPS score of 50 indicates a patient who:

Which structure is a serial organ in the CNS?

TD 5/5 for the spinal cord is approximately:

Common symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP):

Best imaging for defining soft-tissue brain lesions:

Most common metastatic sites to brain are from:

Tolerance dose for optic chiasm (TD 5/5):

Whole-brain RT inferior field border should extend to:

Primary CNS lymphomas occur most in patients with:

CNS tumor that commonly calcifies on imaging:

Best beam arrangement for whole-brain RT:

Late effect after CNS irradiation:

Most common symptom of pancreatic head cancer: ________

Most pancreatic adenocarcinomas arise in the: ________

Surgery for pancreatic head cancer: ________

Pancreatic tumor marker: ________ Rationale: Used for monitoring.

Most common site of esophageal cancer: ________

Most common histology of esophageal cancer worldwide: ________

Best imaging for staging esophageal cancer: ________

Typical RT dose for esophageal cancer: ________ Gy

Common chemo with RT for esophagus: ________

5-year survival rate for pancreatic CA: ________

Tolerance dose for liver (TD 5/5): ________ Gy Rationale: Above this risk of radiation hepatitis.

Tolerance dose for kidneys (TD 5/5): ________ Gy (bilateral)

Most common metastatic site for pancreatic CA: ________

Cause of radiation enteritis: ________

Best position to reduce small-bowel dose in pelvic fields: ________ Rationale: Displaces bowel superiorly.

Most common histology of bladder CA: ________

#1 risk factor for bladder CA: ________ Accounts for half of cases.

Common symptom of bladder CA: ________ Earliest presentation.

Radiosensitizer for bladder preservation: ________

Intravesical immunotherapy drug: ________ Stimulates immune response.

Bladder tolerance dose (TD 5/5): ________ Gy
Avoids contracture / fibrosis.

Prostate is typically treated to approx.: ________

Most radioresistant structure near bladder: ________ Can receive higher dose.

Pelvic lymph nodes included for T3 bladder CA: ________ Regional spread.

Most common metastatic site of bladder CA: ________ Via hematogenous spread.

Imaging for initial bladder staging: ________ Shows wall invasion and nodes.

Common late effect after pelvic RT: ________

When two photon fields match at skin, what occurs at depth? ________

Technique to avoid field junction hot spots: ________ Moves junction periodically.

Purpose of full bladder during pelvic RT: ________

Most common solid tumor of childhood (excluding CNS): ________ From adrenal medulla.

Most common renal tumor in children: ________ Occurs ages 2–5.

Wilms tumor metastasizes primarily to: ________

Most common pediatric soft-tissue sarcoma: ________ Embryonal type dominant.

Common site of rhabdomyosarcoma: ________ Rapidly growing mass.

Retinoblastoma gene: ________ Tumor-suppressor on chromosome 13.

Typical presentation of retinoblastoma: ________ (white pupil reflex)

Most common pediatric bone tumor: ________ Metaphysis of long bones.

Second most common bone tumor in children: ________

Common RT late effect in children: ________ Due to damage to growth plates.

Late effect after cranial RT: ________

Which pediatric tumor is most radiosensitive?

Typical dose range for Wilms tumor: ________

Common chemotherapy for Wilms: ________

Late secondary malignancy risk in pediatrics is due to: ________

Diagnostic cell of Hodgkin’s: ________ Owl-eye cell pathognomonic.

Subtype of Hodgkin’s most common: ________ Young adults, mediastinum.

Classic B symptoms: ________

Chemo for Hodgkin’s: ________

Chemo for Non-Hodgkin’s: ______ ± Rituximab. Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisone.

Typical RT dose for HL involved sites: ______ Gy. After chemo response.

Most common extranodal site for NHL: ______. MALT lymphoma.

Virus linked to Burkitt lymphoma: ______. EBV DNA found in tumors.

Burkitt lymphoma cells show: ______ pattern. Macrophages among lymphoid cells.

HL spreads contiguously; NHL spreads ______. Key difference in pattern.

Primary RT field for HL in neck and mediastinum: ______. Modern reduced field size.

Common late effect of mediastinal RT: ______. Pericarditis or CAD risk.

Second malignancy after HL RT: ______. From scatter and field exposure.

Which type has better prognosis? ______. Highly curable with combined modality.

Typical presentation of Burkitt lymphoma in U.S.: ______. Sporadic form.

Which imaging sequence best distinguishes tumor edema from recurrence?

Which chemotherapy crosses the BBB and is commonly used in glioblastoma?

What is the typical dose for SRS to a solitary brain metastasis?

Which late effect is unique to pediatric brain RT?

Pancreatic cancer commonly invades which vessel?

Which organ is dose-limiting in pancreatic RT?

Respiratory motion in pancreas RT is best managed with:

Classic triad for pancreatic head tumor includes:

Intravesical BCG acts by:

Which phase of treatment uses a full bladder?

Which chemo regimen is often paired with RT for bladder preservation?

The primary lymphatic drainage for bladder includes:

What is the most common route of retinoblastoma spread?

Plaque brachytherapy for retinoblastoma uses which isotope?

Lens-sparing external beam techniques are used to prevent:

Which genetic translocation is associated with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma?

What margin is typically used around gross disease in pediatric RMS RT?

Which modern RT technique replaces the historical “mantle field”?

Oophoropexy is performed during mantle RT to:

The “pain after alcohol ingestion” sign is associated with:

Plaque brachytherapy for retinoblastoma uses which isotope?

What is the most common route of retinoblastoma spread?