A political philosophy espoused by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon in the early 19th century spread during the 20th century. Which political theory below holds that government is not only unnecessary but also an evil?

The Group of 7 was formed in 1975 and included the U.S., Canada, West Germany, Great Britain, France, Japan, and Italy. Which nation below was added in 1998 but was suspended in 2014 for its annexation of part of a neighboring country?

One amendment in the Bill of Rights sets forth the fundamental rights of citizens and responsibilities of police in criminal investigations. Which amendment below guarantees citizens that they and their property are free from “unreasonable searches and seizures”?

An agency established in 1974 is nonpartisan and committed to producing reports based solely on objective analysis. Which of the following provides estimates of the costs of proposed legislation?

Perhaps the first U.S. Supreme Court case involving a principle not mentioned in the Constitution was an 1807 case, U.S. v. Burr. Which of the following principles was acknowledged as existing by the court in the 1974 decision U.S. v. Nixon?

In an 1819 case, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal government had the power to incorporate a national bank. In which case below did Chief Justice John Marshall’s opinion hold that the federal government had “implied powers,” not just those explicitly set forth in the Constitution?

Although punk music developed about 1975, in the United States it went underground when disco came along. Punk re-emerged in the early 1990s as part of the ascendancy of which of these sociological generations, which includes those born in the late 1960s?

One treatment of mental disorders is sometimes called “depth psychology” and focuses on unconscious mental processes. Which method of treatment below originated with Sigmund Freud, who coined the term?

Match the psychological mania with its object.

x. bibliomania 1. stealing

y. kleptomania 2. books

z. pyromania 3. setting fires

In July 2019 Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin expressed concerns about Facebook’s plan to introduce a digital payment system called Libra. What term below refers to such means of transaction as Libra and Bitcoin?

James Tobin was regarded as the most prominent Keynesian in U.S. economics and is known for introducing his Tobin’s q. Of what is Tobin’s q a measure?

Originally planned as a self-contained city, the structure was instead built as a theme park. Which of the following is known for its Spaceship Earth, shown at right?

Much of a range of the Middle Rockies lies within a national park in Wyoming. What 40-mile-long range includes a peak that towers over Jackson Hole, a well-known ski resort?

The photo at right shows a former federal institution that was occupied by Native American activists in November 1969. Which of the following institutions was once home to Al Capone, “Machine Gun” Kelly, and Robert “the Bird Man” Stroud?

Andorra lies entirely in a mountain range that stretches from the Mediterranean Sea to the Bay of Biscay. Which range divides France and Spain?

A river that rises in the Ogilvie Mountains flows 100 miles westward to join a larger river at Dawson. Which of the following rivers became the site of a gold rush after gold was discovered on one of its tributaries, Bonanza Creek, in 1896?

The capital of one Balkan nation lies in the valley of the Miljacka River and has a large Muslim population. Which city below is the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina and hosted the 1984 Winter Olympics?

The third age in the development of material culture began at different dates, from 3000 B.C. in Greece and China to 1900 B.C. in England. Which of the ages below was the first age to make extensive use of metal?

Match the ruler with the dynasty to which he belonged.

x. Xerxes I 1. Saxon

y. Liu Bang 2. Achaemenid

z. Alfred the Great 3. Han

One principality in what is now Spain originated under Ramiro I, the son of Sancho the Great. Which of the following, under Ferdinand II, formed the basis of modern Spain by Ferdinand’s marriage to Isabella?

Although its inventor tried to keep it a secret, lawsuits by heirs of a partner and by an investor showed that the printing press was fast becoming a reality in the 1450s. Which of the following invented a method of printing using moveable type?

The last imperial dynasty of China took power in 1644 when officials of the previous dynasty asked the Manchus for help against rebels. Which of the following dynasties held power until the early 20th century and was also called the Manchu dynasty?

In his diary, Samuel Pepys provides many interesting details about a disastrous 1666 event. Which city below was largely destroyed by a fire that began in the house of the king’s baker in Pudding Lane on September 2, 1666?

Which name below is given to the period from September 5, 1793, to July 27, 1794?

A series of wars broke out in Europe over the succession to the throne of a European monarchy. Which of the following refers to those wars, fought between 1740 and 1747, which include the War of Jenkins’ Ear?

The secretary of state for the home department who took office in 1822 reformed the British criminal code, then was named home secretary in 1828. Which of the following is best known for creating the first disciplined police force in London in 1829?

A 10-month war effectively ended the power of one nation in continental Europe and spurred the unification of another that would play a major role in international affairs. What war below began on July 19, 1870, and was ended on May 10, 1871, by the Treaty of Frankfurt?

The Population Registration Act, passed in 1950, paved the way for the implementation of a segregationist racial policy known as apartheid. In which of the following nations was apartheid the official policy until the early 1990s?

Match the leader with the Arab nation he headed.

x. King Faisal 1. Saudi Arabia

y. Hafez al-Assad 2. Jordan

z. King Hussein 3. Syria

The first member of this political dynasty was a major in the Soviet army in World War Two. What family has ruled North Korea since 1948?

The bird shown at right was constructed on the Pampa Colorada near the city that gives the lines and culture their names. Which site below also includes lines most likely constructed by the earlier Paracas culture in southern Peru?

One Native American culture lasted from about A.D. 100 to 1600 and was centered on the area called the Four Corners, where four states meet. The Hopi, Zuni, and Acoma are considered the descendants of which culture below?

A historic site in Guatemala began as a small village around 900 B.C., then grew into a major ceremonial center about 600 years later. Which Mayan site below is home to the Temple of the Jaguar, the Temple of the Masks, and the Plaza of the Seven Temples?

In an effort to help pay for Pontiac’s War, Sir George Grenville persuaded Parliament to levy a direct tax on England’s American colonies in 1765. Which of the following required a tax to be paid on legal papers, dice, newspapers, cards, and almanacs?

He may have been a member of the first English expedition to North America in 1497. Fifteen years later he was a cartographer to Henry VIII and later was commissioned a captain in the Spanish navy. Which of the following led a fruitless expedition to the Rio de la Plata in 1525?

Britain and France fought a series of wars for control of North America. The second of those wars saw the British capture Nova Scotia and receive Newfoundland and the Hudson Bay area in the treaties that ended the war. Which war below was fought between 1702 and 1713?

Baron von Steuben is credited with turning the ragtag Continental Army into an efficient, disciplined force in the early months of 1778. At which place below did von Steuben have the time to use European drilling methods to transform George Washington’s army?

A manmade waterway built between 1817 and 1825 connected the Great Lakes to the Hudson River. Which waterway below helped make New York City a major business center?

Match the Native American who fought against the U.S. with the tribe to which he belonged.

x. Osceola 1. Sauk

y. Tecumesh 2. Seminole

z. Black Hawk 3. Shawnee

Accused of embezzlement in 1871, one legend of the Old West left Missouri, got into trouble in Indian Territory and Illinois, then became a police officer in Dodge City, Kansas. Which of the following is linked to the shootout at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Arizona, in 1881?

Charles Dudley Warner and Mark Twain co-wrote an 1873 novel that criticized U.S. politics and society. What era of U.S. history known for its greed and political corruption took its name from the novel?

After crossing the Atlantic alone in 1932, a pioneering aviator attempted to fly around the world in 1937. In 2019, Dr. Robert Ballard, who found the Titanic, said he planned to visit Nikumaroro Island in the Pacific in an effort to solve the disappearance of which of the following pilots?

Although some did testify at the trial, no gamblers faced charges in the biggest scandal in Major League Baseball history. Because confessions disappeared — they were probably stolen — the players indicted for throwing the 1919 World Series were acquitted. For which team below did they play?

In an effort to destroy cover for enemy movements and crops that could feed the enemy, the U.S. dropped herbicides over much of Vietnam. Which of the following contained dioxin and is the herbicide most commonly linked to cancer among Vietnam veterans?

The time of a planned secret invasion was moved up after an incident on South Georgia Island in 1982. In which of the following conflicts did Argentina unsuccessfully try to wrest a group of islands from the United Kingdom?

Rosa Parks was arrested on December 1, 1955, and charged with violating a city ordinance that required African Americans to give up their bus seats to whites. What city’s African Americans began a bus boycott after Parks’s arrest?

Millions of California residents had their power deliberately shut off in an effort to prevent and contain wildfires that had burned tens of thousands of acres. Which of the following made the decision to shut off power to its customers?

The Brexit issue has roiled politics in the United Kingdom since at least 2014, when the UK Independence Party made a strong showing in parliamentary elections. From which organization below do Brexit supporters want the UK to withdraw?

Match the nation with its head of government as of November 2019.

x. Australia 1. Recep Tayyip Erdogan

y. Turkey 2. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador

z. Mexico 3. Scott Morrison

The E-Verify system was established by a 1996 congressional act and lets employers verify if their workers are eligible to work in the United States. Records from which agencies are checked as part of the E-Verify process?

In a 2018 decision, the Supreme Court overruled two previous decisions, one from Illinois and one from North Dakota. In which case below did the court rule that a state could require internet sellers to collect and remit sales taxes?

Although the fiscal agent for Queen Elizabeth I was not the first person to notice a particular effect, his explanation of it prompted naming the law after him. Which law below maintains that bad money drives out good money?

The Eastern European nation starred on the map at right was the smallest of the Slavic republics in the Soviet Union when it became independent in 1991. Which of the following nations has its capital at Minsk and, as of 2019, was headed by President Alexander Lukashenko?

Officially founded in 1413, the oldest college or university in Scotland included St. Salvator’s College and St. Leonard’s College, which merged in 1747. Which school below counts among its alumni Prince William and his wife, Kate Middleton?

Arthur Wellesley, later the duke of Wellington, rose to fame between 1808 and 1812. In which war did Wellesley defeat French forces at Vimeiro and Badajoz, paving the way for him to exercise command at Waterloo in 1814?

A nationalist movement that takes its name from the acronym for the Arabic for Islamic Resistance Movement was founded in the late 1980s. Which of the following won a surprise victory in the 2006 elections for the Palestinian Legislative Council and took control of the Gaza Strip?

One organization below has taken up unpopular causes since it was founded in 1920 in New York City. Which of the following provided defense counsel for Sacco and Vanzetti and for Jehovah’s Witnesses in the 1930s when they refused to salute the flag in public?

The Arab Spring protests of 2011 inspired activists in the United States to protest injustices they saw in American society. Which movement below saw protestors take up residence in Zuccotti Park to call for financial institutions to be held more accountable for their business practices?

Match the act Congress passed in the 1880s with its purpose.

x. Immigration Act of 1882 1. established the U.S. Civil Service

y. Dawes Act 2. banned Chinese from entering U.S.

z. Pendleton Act 3. divided reservation lands among individual Native Americans