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Worksheets

iGCSE River Environments

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is an open system?

a)

An area where the hydrological systems drains into a main river

b)

The water found in the cracks and spaces in soil

c)

A system that has inputs, processes and outputs

d)

The movement of water into the soil surface.

2.

What are closed systems?

a)

A continual circulation, there is a definite amount of water in the system and that this amount does not change.

b)

Water lost from the drainage basin system

c)

Downhill movement of water in rivers

d)

The water found in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock. It is stored in and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers.

3.

Inputs is...

a)

A freshwater stream that feeds into a larger stream, river or other body of water

b)

The place where the river enters the ocean

c)

Circulation of water over the land or under the grounds surface that make water move within the river basin

d)

Water that enters a drainage basin system

4.

Outputs are...

a)

The movement of water into the soil surface

b)

Water lost from the drainage basin system

c)

The combined loss of evaporation and transpiration

d)

The upper layer of water stored underground

5.

What is a River Drainage Basin System?

a)

All rivers receive a water supply from a drainage basin system

b)

Downhill movement of water in rivers

c)

The upper layer of water stored underground

d)

When the river is divided and separated into different river flows

6.

What is a River´s Source?

a)

A watershed

b)

Water that enters a drainage basin system

c)

The place where a river starts

d)

A store

7.

River´s mouth?

a)

The part of a river that connects/intercepts with the ocean

b)

Where the river separates into three.

c)

A supply of water

d)

An aquifer

8.

What is a tributarie?

a)

A process of the hydrological cycle

b)

A part of streamflow that has infiltrated the ground

c)

A freshwater stream that feeds into a larger stream, river or other body of water.

d)

When the river is divided and separated into different river flows.

9.

What happen´s in a CONFLUENCE river?

a)

When the river is divided and separated into different river flows.

b)

Downhill movement of water in rivers.

c)

When the river floods

d)

The water is lost from the drainage basin system

10.

What is an overland flow (surface runoff)?

a)

A huge amount of water in a specific area

b)

The water that stays in the soil

c)

The movement of water over the land, downslope toward a surface water body.

d)

Water that infiltrates into the soil

11.

Channel flow referrs to...

a)

An area where the hydrological systems occur

b)

The movement of water into the soil

c)

A downhill movement of water in rivers

d)

A part of steamflow that has infiltrated in the ground

12.

What is the groundwater?

a)

Water from rain

b)

The precipitation that is collected and stored by vegetation

c)

The upper layer of water stored underground

d)

The water found in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock

13.

What is Groundwater flow?

a)

Continual circulation, this means that there is a definite amount of water in the system and that this amount does not change

b)

A part of streamflow that has infiltrated the ground, and has been discharge into a stream channel, or springs and seepage water

c)

Higher ridge of land, the boundary between one drainage basin and another

d)

When the river is divided and separated into different river flows

14.

The movement of water that is found in the subsurface of the soil

a)

Precipitation

b)

Percolation

c)

Infiltration

d)

Evaporation

15.

The precipitation that is collected and stored by vegetation

a)

Evaporation

b)

Water Table

c)

Interception

d)

Percolation

16.

When water is heated by the sun (in the case of the water cycle), it turns into vapour

a)

Infiltration

b)

Evapotranspiration

c)

Transpiration

d)

Evaporation

17.

The combined loss of evaporation and transpiration

a)

Evaporation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Evapotranspiration

d)

Evatranspiration

18.
Which is NOT a method of transportation?
a)
Abrasion
b)
Saltation
c)
Traction
d)
Suspension
19.
Where would you find a waterfall?
a)
Upper course
b)
Middle Course
c)
Lower Course
20.
What landform can you see in the picture?
a)
Floodplain
b)
Delta
c)
Waterfall
d)
Oxbow lake
21.
"Rocks rolled along the river bed" is what type of transportation?
a)
Saltation
b)
Suspension
c)
Traction
d)
Solution
22.
"When rocks scrape along the river bank and bed" is what type of erosion?
a)
Attrition
b)
Abrasion
c)
Solution
d)
Hydraulic Action
23.
"This is where plants, trees, or buildings collect the precipitation" What am I?
a)
Interception
b)
Infiltration
c)
Percolation
d)
Surface runoff
24.
I am the land that gets flooded when the river overflows. What am I?
a)
Levee
b)
Delta
c)
Floodplain
d)
Meander
25.
What is the name of the point where a river starts?
a)
 Source
b)
 Point A
c)
 Heart
d)
Opening 
26.
What is the name of the point where a river ends?
a)
Tributary
b)
Water Shed
c)
Confluence
d)
Mouth 
27.
What is the name of the point where two rivers meet
a)
Connection
b)
Confluence
c)
Merging
d)
Tributary
28.
which of the following are examples of soft river engineering
a)
A. Dredging and flood relief channels
b)
B. Dams and levees
c)
C. River restoration and land use zoning
29.
Snow, sleet, hail, and rain are all examples of  ________________. 
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
accumulation
d)
precipitation
30.
What part of the water cycle does this picture show?
a)
condensation
b)
precipitation
c)
evaporation
31.
Which of the following features are not formed by river deposition?
a)
Levee  
b)
Gorge
c)
Delta
32.

Which of the following is a river landform found in the lower course?

a)

Delta

b)

Waterfall

c)

Meander

d)

V-shaped valley

33.

Which type of erosion is when rocks knock in to each other, getting smaller and rounder as they move downstream?

a)

Abrasion

b)

Attrition

c)

Solution

d)

Hydraulic action

34.

In which section of the river do waterfalls form?

a)

Upper course

b)

Middle course

c)

Lower course

d)

Every course

35.

For a waterfall to form there needs to be two layers of rock. Which way round must they be?

a)

Soft rock on top of hard rock

b)

Hard rock on top of soft rock

36.

Below are listed the 4 types of erosion. Which two are important in the formation of waterfalls?

a)

Hydraulic action

b)

Abrasion

c)

Attrition

d)

Solution

37.

What is this man standing in?

a)

Undercut

b)

Overhang

c)

Plunge pool

d)

Gorge

38.

Over time the top rock sticks out over the bottom rock. It is unsupported and so eventually (a)   into the plunge pool

39.

Waterfalls are landforms created by....

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

40.

The waterfall retreats (moves back) upstream towards the rivers source over thousands of years leaving behind a steep sided (a)  

41.
What are three things that rivers do naturally?
a)
a.erode, transport, and deposit
b)
b. dissolve, precipitate, sublime
c)
c. evaporate, percolate, infiltrate
d)
d.none of these
42.
The hydrologic cycle is a conceptual model that describes the storage and movement of water between the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and the hydrosphere. 
a)
True
b)
False
43.
An area of new land at the mouth of a river.
a)
Sand Dune
b)
Delta
c)
Fault
d)
Glacier
44.
 Deposition is a process that
a)
Dissolves sediment
b)
Breaks down rock to form sediment
c)
Removes sediment from land forms
d)
Drops sediment to form landforms
45.
Where do deltas form?
a)
Desert Areas
b)
At river mouths
c)
On the Banks of Rivers
d)
In Valleys Formed by Glaciers
46.
Why are the rocks and pebbles found in riverbeds usually smooth?
a)
The rocks are very old.
b)
Animals in the river keep rubbing against the rocks.
c)
Rivers only flow where rocks are smooth.
d)
The rocks are worn smooth by rubbing against other rocks.
47.
An oxbow lake is an old
a)
meander bend
b)
floodplain
c)
terrace
d)
channel bed
48.
Stream discharge is a function of the channel's width, depth, and 
a)
length
b)
velocity
c)
sediment size
d)
slope
49.
Flash floods are more common in rural, highly vegetated areas than in urban areas. 
a)
True
b)
False
50.

When the roots of plants grow in the cracks of a rock and splits it, we call it...

a)

Biological Weathering

b)

Physical Weathering

c)

Solution

d)

Soil Creep

51.

What is it called when water is forced into cracks in the bed and pressure expands the cracks further

a)

Suspension

b)

Hydraulic Action

c)

Attrition

d)

Solution

52.

soluble material dissolved in river water and transported downstream

a)

Suspension

b)

Multipoint

c)

Solution

d)

Traction

53.

Water Pollution from farms can lead to (more than one choice)

a)

Fertilizer Leaching

b)

Coral Bleaching

c)

Eutrophication

d)

Increased Bacteria growth and Deoxygenation

54.

The breaking down or dissolving of rocks in site

a)

Weathering

b)

Precipitation

c)

Erosion

d)

Slumping

55.

fine loads of sediment being carried along by the river flow

a)

Solution

b)

Revocation

c)

Expiration

d)

Suspension

56.

Dams, Levees, Channelization, and Flood barriers are examples of..

a)

Hard Engineering

b)

Soft Engineering

57.

Small material bounces in small hops along the river bed

a)

Suspension

b)

Deposition

c)

Traction

d)

Saltation

58.

Weathering cased by acid rain, causing decay

a)

virtual water

b)

solution

c)

physical weathering

d)

chemical weathering

59.

Weathering caused by temperature or climate changes

a)

through flow

b)

virtual water

c)

physical weathering

d)

chemical weathering

60.


when material carried in the river scrapes and wears away at the river bed, causing the river to widen and deepen

a)

hydraulic action

b)

deposition

c)

attrition

d)

abrasion (sandpaper action)

61.

heavy material is rolled along the river bed

a)

Suspension

b)

Traction

c)

Deposition

d)

Solution

62.

the movement of material downstream. The bigger the material the more energy the river needs to carry it

a)

Erosion

b)

Maintenance

c)

Precipitation

d)

Transportation

63.

V-Shaped Valleys, Interlocking Spurs, Waterfalls, and Gorges are

a)

Upper Course River Land Forms

b)

Middle Course River Land Forms

64.

Meander, Levees, and Oxbow Lakes are...

a)

Upper Course River Land Forms

b)

Middle Course River Land Forms

65.

Type of Mass movement where large material falls fast

a)

Rockfall

b)

Slumping

c)

Deposition

d)

Mudslide

66.

______ occurs when the river doesn't have enough energy to carry the material any further

a)

Transportation

b)

Solution

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

67.

rocks in the flow of the water knock against each other, causing rounder and smaller sediment

a)

Impersonation

b)

Deposition

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Attrition