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Antibiotics

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

how do we kill microbes once they have infected us?

a)
Use herbal remedies without consulting a doctor.
b)
Use appropriate medications like antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals depending on the type of infection.
c)
Apply heat to the infected area to kill the microbes.
d)
Ignore the infection and let the body heal naturally.
e)

Rely on our immune system

2.

chemotherapeutic agents means:

a)

Any chemical used to improve health of the body

b)
Pain relievers for chronic pain.
c)
Antibiotics for bacterial infections.
d)
Medications for heart disease.
3.

select all that applies about antimicrobial chemotherapeutics:

a)
They consist of only antibiotics and antiseptics.
b)
They are exclusively used for bacterial infections.
c)

They include antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals,

d)
They include only natural compounds and no synthetic drugs.
e)

They must be selective: killing organism without harming host

4.

which are true about antibiotics?

a)

Antibiotics inhibits microbes in small amounts

b)

Antibiotics inhibits growth or kills microorganisms

c)
Antibiotics are used to cure viral infections exclusively.
d)

Antibiotics inhibits microbes in large amounts

e)

Usually natural origin or from microbes

5.

range of microbes the antibiotics is affective against

a)

selective toxicity

b)

spectrum of activity

6.

why can't we used broad spectrum of antibiotics all the time vs. selective toxicity?

a)
Using broad-spectrum antibiotics all the time can cause harm to beneficial bacteria and promote antibiotic resistance.
b)
Selective toxicity is only relevant for viral infections, not bacterial ones.
c)
Using broad-spectrum antibiotics can enhance the immune system's response.
d)
Broad-spectrum antibiotics are always more effective than narrow-spectrum ones.
7.

aside from inhibition of essential metabolite synthesis,

what are the other methods of antimicrobial activity?

a)

inhibition of cell wall

b)

inhibition of protein synthesis

c)

injury to plasma membrane

d)

inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

e)

inhibition of growth

8.

where do antibiotics originally come from?

a)
Plants and herbs.
b)
Synthetic chemicals in labs.
c)

Microbial wars

d)
Animal byproducts and tissues.
9.

what are the four sources of antibiotics?

a)

Staphylococcus, synthetic, Gram -ve bacilli, and Penicillium fungus

b)
Natural, artificial, organic, and inorganic sources.
c)

Streptomyces bacteria, synthetic, Gram +ve bacilli, and Penicillium fungus

d)
Plant-based, animal-derived, mineral, and synthetic sources.
10.

Non-microbial Antibiotics are

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

e)

Penicillin

11.

inhibit folic acid synthesis

which are required for bacterial nucleic acid synthesis

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

12.

isolated from red clotting dye

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

13.

considered broad spectrum antibiotic

can treat UTIs and Vaginal Infections

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

14.

aka INH

activated to toxic form by catalase in bacteria

inhibits mycolic production

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

15.

How does Isoniazid works against TB?

a)

It’s inactive when taken and must be activated inside the TB bacteria.

b)

The bacterial enzyme KatG (a catalase-peroxidase enzyme) activates it

c)

After activation, isoniazid targets the synthesis of mycolic acids

d)

Can occur if KatG enzyme is mutated (the drug won’t be activate

e)

Works mainly on Mycobacterium (not broad-spectrum)

16.

used against TB and Leprosy

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

17.

derivatives end in "oxacin"

inhibits DNA synthesis (broad spectrum)

used to treat UTIs with sulfonamide resiatant bacteria

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

18.

derive from cinchona tree bark

antimalaria

binds to protozoa DNA and inhibits reproduction

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Isoniazid

c)

Quinolones

d)

Quinine

19.

what are the advantages of penicillin derivatives:

cloxacillin, methicillin, ampicillin, penicillin V, carbenicillin, ticarcillin

a)
Limited effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria
b)
Increased risk of allergic reactions
c)

increased bioavailability & absorption

d)

greater 1/2 lives

e)

less sticking to foods and stomach acid resistance

20.

what are the Disadvantages of penicillin derivatives:

cloxacillin, methicillin, ampicillin, penicillin V, carbenicillin, ticarcillin

a)
Limited effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria
b)

Less effective due to decreased spectrum

c)

increased bioavailability & absorption

d)

greater 1/2 lives

e)

organ damage

21.

what are the shortcomings of Penicillin?

a)

narrow spectrum

b)

anaphylactic reactions

c)

antibiotic resistant

d)

easily accessible

e)

selective toxicity

22.

beta-lactam ring

inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis by blocking crosslinks of carbs to protein

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

23.

isolated from seawater fungus

inhibits cell wall synthesis

3 generations developed to work better against Gram -ve

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

24.

similar and a substitute to penicillin

named chep or cef

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

25.

isolated from streptomyces bacteria

member of aminoglycosides family

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

26.

binds and inhibits ribosomes

toxic/ not well absorbed

effective against intestinal infection and a topical ointment

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

27.

also isolated from streptomyces bacteria

inhibits protein synthesis

broad spectrum

very tissue invasive

effective against meningitis

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

28.

also isolated from streptomyces bacteria

inhibits protein synthesis

broad spectrum

drug of choice for STDs

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

29.

significant side effects:

-aplastic anemia

gray syndrome in newborns

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

30.

significant side effects:

-stunted bone growth in children

-discolouration of teeth

a)

Penicillin

b)

Cephalosporin

c)

Streptomycin

d)

Chloramphenicol

e)

Tetracycline

31.

To test the Effectiveness of Antibiotics,

filter paper soaked in antibiotic

paper placed on placed on plate with growing bacteria

zone of inhibition indicates effectiveness

a)

Broth Dilution test

b)

E-test

c)

Kirby-Bauer test

32.

this test is considered

NOT quantitative

NOT bactericidal

a)

Broth Dilution test

b)

E-test

c)

Kirby-Bauer test

33.

this test is considered

Quantitative, but

NOT bactericidal

a)

Broth Dilution test

b)

E-test

c)

Kirby-Bauer test

34.

this test is considered

BOTH Quantitative & Bactericidal

a)

Broth Dilution test

b)

E-test

c)

Kirby-Bauer test

35.

plastic strip coated with a gradient of antibiotic

strip placed on plate with growing bacteria

where bacteria touch strip, tells you the MIC of antibiotic

a)

Broth Dilution test

b)

E-test

c)

Kirby-Bauer test

d)

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

36.

antibiotic is diluted into wells (tubes) containing broth inoculated with bacteria

let bacteria grow

lowest conc of antibiotic show no growth: MIC

a)

Broth Dilution test

b)

E-test

c)

Kirby-Bauer test

d)

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

37.

antifungal

from streptomyces bacteria

binds to sterols in membrane of fungus and changes permeability

use to treat Candida albicans yeast infections

a)

Nystatin

b)

Amphotericin B

c)

Imidazoles

d)

Triazoles

38.

antifungal

from streptomyces bacteria

binds to sterols in membrane of fungus and degrades membranes

significant side effects

used for serious fungal infections

a)

Nystatin

b)

Amphotericin B

c)

Imidazoles

d)

Triazoles

39.

antifungal

synthetic

inhibits sterol synthesis

used topically for candida skin infections & invasive cryptococcosis

a)

Nystatin

b)

Amphotericin B

c)

Imidazoles

d)

Triazoles

40.

antifungal

similar mechanisms as imidazoles but more potent

lower dose required and fewer side effects

a)

Nystatin

b)

Amphotericin B

c)

Imidazoles

d)

Triazoles

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