NEW
Font size
Worksheetswk 10 Pharm
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
A patient with elevated cholesterol asks why lipids can’t dissolve freely in the blood. The nurse responds that lipids:
Are always water-soluble
Must be bound to apolipoproteins to travel in blood
Are broken down into glucose for transport
Move through blood by simple diffusion
A nurse explains that VLDL’s primary function is to:
Excrete cholesterol through bile
Transport endogenous lipids from the liver to cells
Reduce LDL levels
Carry dietary fat to the intestines
A patient with high LDL asks why it’s called “bad cholesterol.” The nurse explains LDL is considered harmful because:
It prevents fat storage
It contributes to atherosclerotic plaque formation
It recycles cholesterol
It is easily excreted
A nurse explains that HDL is “good cholesterol” because it:
Raises triglycerides
Increases plaque formation
Recycles cholesterol away from arteries
Causes LDL production
A patient with elevated cholesterol asks how plaques form. Which explanation is based on the slide content?
HDL attaches to endothelium and causes irritation
Lipoproteins adhere to damaged arterial walls → macrophages → foam cells
Foam cells remove LDL completely
Triglycerides dissolve plaque
A patient with newly diagnosed hyperlipidemia is asking about treatment. According to the slides, before starting drug therapy, lifestyle changes must be attempted for at least:
2 weeks
1 month
6 months
1 year
A 50-year-old patient with diabetes and an LDL of 120 mg/dL qualifies for a statin because:
Age and diabetes criteria meet guideline indications
Only LDL >190 qualifies
Diabetes excludes statin use
HDL is the determining factor
A provider prescribes a statin and instructs the patient to take it at night. The patient asks why. Based on the slide:
Statins work better with food
Cholesterol production peaks at night
It prevents GI upset
It prevents liver damage
A patient on statins reports new muscle pain. The nurse should suspect:
Myocardial ischemia
Rhabdomyolysis
Hypokalemia
Hypertension
Which finding should the nurse report immediately in a patient taking a statin?
Mild fatigue
Change in urine color
Occasional itching
Mild nausea
During assessment, the nurse learns a patient drinks grapefruit juice daily while on a statin. The nurse should:
Encourage continued use
Identify this as a drug interaction risk
Advise taking the statin in the morning
Suggest switching to orange juice
A nurse reviewing labs notes rising liver enzymes in a patient on statins. The priority action is to:
Encourage exercise
Monitor liver labs closely
Give an antacid
Stop all medications
A patient is taking erythromycin and is newly prescribed a statin. What is the concern?
Increased GI motility
Significant drug interaction via CYP3A4
Reduced antibiotic absorption
Enhanced HDL production
A patient reports abdominal bloating and belching while taking a bile acid sequestrant. The nurse should teach them to:
Discontinue the medication
Stay upright after eating and use PRN meds
Double the dose
Drink grapefruit juice with the medication
A patient starting cholestyramine asks why they feel constipated. The nurse explains this is:
A sign of toxicity
An expected side effect
A sign of allergic reaction
A sign of liver failure
A nurse gives instructions for preventing constipation with bile acid sequestrants. Which teaching is supported by the slide?
Decrease fluid intake
Reduce fiber intake
Increase dietary fiber and fluids
Take laxatives daily
A patient taking a bile acid sequestrant asks about vitamin absorption. The nurse explains high doses may reduce absorption of:
Vitamin C
Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, K
B-complex vitamins
Iron
A patient with biliary obstruction and pruritus is most likely to be prescribed:
Statins
Cholestyramine
Ezetimibe
Verapamil
When taking a bile acid sequestrant, other medications should be taken:
At the same time
1 hour before or 4–6 hours after
Immediately after eating
Only at bedtime
A patient accidentally overdoses on cholestyramine. The slide states the concern is:
Renal failure
Intestinal obstruction
Tachycardia
Hypoglycemia
The treatment for overdose of bile acid sequestrants focuses on:
Vasodilation
Restoring gut motility
Dialysis
Reducing fiber
A patient starting ezetimibe asks why it was chosen over a statin. The nurse replies:
It decreases cholesterol absorption in the intestines
It increases LDL production
It is only used for triglycerides
It works faster than statins
Ezetimibe lowers:
HDL only
Total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides
Only triglycerides
Blood pressure
Which medication class may be used alone or with a statin?
Bile acid sequestrants
Ezetimibe
ACE inhibitors
Beta-blockers
The nurse explains that HDL is beneficial because it:
Increases serum triglycerides
Recycles cholesterol to the liver
Promotes plaque formation
Binds bile acids
A patient with LDL of 205 mg/dL meets criteria for:
Bile acid sequestrant only
Statin therapy
No drug therapy
Vitamin E supplementation
Which assessment is essential for patients receiving statins?
Daily glucose checks
Liver function monitoring
Pulmonary function tests
Serum sodium monitoring
Which finding best indicates rhabdomyolysis?
Dark, tea-colored urine
Mild nausea
Itchy skin
Headache
A nurse instructs a patient to report muscle soreness immediately while on statins because untreated rhabdomyolysis can lead to:
Chronic hypertension
Acute renal failure
Pulmonary edema
Bradycardia
A patient complains that their bloating from bile acid sequestrants is not improving. The nurse should explain:
It will disappear over time
It is a sign of hepatic failure
The dose must be increased
The medication must be stopped
A nurse reviews drug interactions for statins. Which medication class interacts via CYP3A4?
Penicillins
Azole antifungals
NSAIDs
Thiazide diuretics
A patient asks why exercise is recommended before adding medications. Based on the slide:
It fixes all lipid disorders
It must be tried for at least 6 months before drug therapy
It eliminates the need for drugs
It directly lowers HDL
A patient is prescribed a statin and warfarin. What is the priority concern?
Decreased statin absorption
Interaction with oral anticoagulants
Severe constipation
Angina
Statins are given once daily because they:
Are rapidly cleared
Align with the body’s nighttime cholesterol production
Cause insomnia
Increase daytime energy
A patient with Type II hyperlipoproteinemia may be prescribed:
Ezetimibe only
Bile acid sequestrants
ACE inhibitors
Corticosteroids
The nurse explains that bile acids are required for:
LDL excretion
Vitamin C absorption
Cholesterol absorption
HDL production
A patient asks why their provider combined ezetimibe with a statin. The correct explanation is:
Both together prevent all side effects
Ezetimibe increases HDL while statins reduce LDL
Statins increase bile flow
Statins and ezetimibe have identical mechanisms
A patient taking bile acid sequestrants asks why their triglycerides increased slightly. The nurse responds:
This is expected and mild
This indicates liver damage
This means the drug is not working
This requires immediate discontinuation
A patient reports lightheadedness after starting a statin. The nurse should:
Recognize dizziness as a documented side effect
Stop the medication immediately
Advise doubling the dose
Attribute it to dehydration only
A patient starting ezetimibe asks if they must take it with meals. According to the slide:
It must be taken with food
It can be used as monotherapy without food restrictions
It must always be taken fasting
It is ineffective without bedtime dosing
