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WorksheetsBio evolution Unit 7 Test review
Total questions: 72
Worksheet time: 43mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Name first and last
4 lines
2.
What is the correct explanation for what is happening in this graph?
a)
There are a lot of average-sized beaks
b)
There are no beaks
c)
There are a lot of small beaks only
d)
There are a lot of small and large beaks, but not average-sized ones
3.
Identify bird X using the dichotomous key.
a)
certhidea
b)
geospiza
c)
camarhynchus
d)
platyspiza
4.
What separates rodents and primates from crocodiles on this cladogram?
a)
Bony Skeleton
b)
Vertebrae
c)
Eggs with shells and hair
d)
Four Limbs
5.
While visiting the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Charles Darwin collected over thirteen different species of a type of bird called a finch. He later observed that the birds were similar in many ways but often differed in the size and shape of their beaks. Which statement BEST summarizes Darwin's explanation for the different beaks he observed in these finch species?
a)
The size and shape of the beaks differed because of the effects of artificial selection.
b)
The beaks of each finch species were the result of natural selection.
c)
The size and shape of the beaks differed because of different climates found on the islands.
d)
The beaks changed so they could not eat different foods
6.
Anatomical structures that appear to be derived from a functional structure in an ancestor, but that currently do not serve an important function, are called ________.
a)
inorganic
b)
mutated
c)
fossilized
d)
vestigial
7.
Naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck promoted the theory of "inheritance of acquired characteristics." This theory stated that changes developed over the course of the life of an organism would be transmitted to the next generation. A famous example involves a blacksmith. Working with heavy hammers, pounding iron all day, blacksmiths developed larger arms than average men. This trait, large and muscular arms, would then be passed down to the children of the blacksmith. Charles Darwin developed a competing theory based on variation and a process he called "natural selection." His theory stressed how the differences among the individuals in a population would lead to different rates of survival and reproduction. Through this process, in conjunction with what he called a "strong principle of inheritance," entire populations could adapt, and ultimately, evolve. DNA and its structure was not isolated and understood until the mid 1900s. It serves as _____.
a)
an example of how the blacksmiths arms grow as large as they do.
b)
the mechanism by which the "strong principle of inheritance" operates.
c)
the mechanism through which population evolution operates.
d)
the mechanism by which the "inheritance of acquired characteristics" operates.
8.
Which statement is true, with regard to the theory of evolution?
a)
The theory of evolution offers an explanation of how competition for resources may lead a species to change.
b)
DNA sequences and protein similarities are the only reliable way to determine that an organism evolved from another..
c)
The theory of evolution is proof that evolution occurs exactly as described and cannot be revised.
d)
Evolution of an entire species can often occur in a single individual organism
9.
Farmer Fran sprays her sugarcane field with a highly effective pesticide called 'Bayou Bug Blast'. For five years the pesticide works without a hitch, effectively killing almost all of the bayou weevils trying to eat Farmer Fran's crop. However, during the 6th year, some of the crop takes a hit. During the 7th year, she loses half of her crop, and during the 8th year, she loses almost the entire cane field to bayou weevils, despite using twice the usual dose of Bayou Bug Blast. What happened?
a)
The weaker weevils were killed, and Farmer Fran accidentally caused only pesticide-resistant weevils to survive.
b)
The sugarcane became used to the pesticide, rendering it ineffective.
c)
Bayou weevils overpopulated, because Bayou Bug Blast killed all of the predatory insects.
d)
A small population of weevils survived on other food sources and returned to the sugarcane field to feed.
10.
A species is a group of organisms capable of mating and producing offspring, and speciation is the process of forming a new species. One way a new species may form is by geographic isolation. This occurs when members of a population are physically separated, for example, by a river, or a desert. After the separation, the two populations, responding to different conditions, will adapt differently, and so their evolutionary paths will _____.
a)
converge
b)
dissect
c)
reverse
d)
diverge
11.
Suppose that pollution caused snow in the Arctic to quickly turn black, which happens sometimes in today’s urban areas. To adapt to this change over time, the arctic fox’s fur would _____.
a)
lighten in the summer
b)
lighten in the winter
c)
darken in the winter
d)
darken in the summer
12.
The cladogram shown here shows similarities and differences among several classes of vertebrates. Anatomically, the four have _____ limb structure as their common ancestor. We might separate the mammals from the other three classes because they _____.
a)
homologous; have mammary glands
b)
identical; are warm-blooded
c)
divergent; do not lay eggs
d)
varied; a four chambered heart
13.
Which statement is NOT a component of Darwin's original theory of evolution by natural selection?
a)
There is variation in all offspring.
b)
Humans and apes evolved separately from monkeys.
c)
Organisms with the most favorable traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates.
d)
All species over-reproduce to ensure their survival
14.
In the earliest stages of development, the embryos of a fish, calf, human, and tortoise all look similar. In the next stage, the calf and the human look most alike. What assumption can be made based on this similarity?
a)
The fish is not related to the human.
b)
Of the four organisms, the calf and human are least related.
c)
Of the four organisms, the calf and human are most closely related.
d)
The fish is not related to the calf.
15.
In order for natural selection to occur, Charles Darwin stated we must begin with a population of organisms that has genetic _____.
a)
competition
b)
engineering
c)
reproduction
d)
variation
16.
Many species of organisms are found only on islands. Lemurs are found only in Madagascar and koalas only in Australia. Which factor contributes MOST to this situation?
a)
small land area
b)
wide food varieties
c)
genetic isolation
d)
fewer predators
17.
This phylogenetic tree shows a relationship of all of these organisms. What trait is most likely found at 2?
a)
Live on land
b)
Have live offspring
c)
Made up of cells
d)
Have a backbone
18.
The above image shows four different finches that Charles Darwin found while on the Galapagos Islands. This information led Darwin to develop the idea that organisms change, or evolve, over time. Which of these would best describe what Darwin saw as the MAJOR difference(s) between these finches?
a)
Both where they lived and what they ate were different.
b)
They all ate different food.
c)
They all lived in different areas.
d)
Only their beak size was different, and they lived together and ate the same food.
19.
Which of the following lists the four main principles of natural selection?
a)
adaptation, selection, overproduction, variation
b)
adaptation, inheritance of acquired characteristics, heritability, variation
c)
adaptation, descent with modification, heritability, variation
d)
adaptation, descent with modification, overproduction, variation
20.
The bone structure of the baleen whale and the hummingbird pictured above suggests that they share _____.
a)
the same diet
b)
a common ancestor
c)
similar mating rituals
d)
a similar environment
21.
A change in the genetic makeup, appearance, and behaviors of a new species over time is called _____.
a)
evolution
b)
natural selection
c)
survival of the fittest
d)
adaptation
22.
Scientists believe the first giraffes on Earth had shorter legs and a shorter neck than giraffes today. What can you conclude about these first giraffes?
a)
They had abundant sources of water from which to drink.
b)
They had food sources that were low to the ground.
c)
They ate both meat and leaves from trees.
d)
They found it necessary to flee quickly from predators.
23.
The cladogram shown here shows the common ancestor of four classes of animals. One class that is missing is the modern-day fish. What does this image tell us about the ancient lobe-finned fish?
a)
The lobe-finned fish was the first organism to walk on land.
b)
Lobe-finned fish did not have scales.
c)
The fins are muscle- and skin-covered bone.
d)
The lobe-finned fish had lungs, not gills.
24.
Which of these characteristics is common only at the embryonic stage of fish and humans, and is suggestive of a common ancestor between the two?
a)
Presence of a vertebral column
b)
Presence of a tail
c)
Presence of lungs
d)
Presence of gill slits
25.
What did Charles Darwin mean when he stated that some organisms were 'more fit' than other organisms?
a)
Not all organisms were equally suited to gathering food.
b)
Not all organisms had the same natural life span.
c)
Some organisms were heavier and stronger.
d)
Some organisms were more likely to reproduce
26.
Darwin's voyage on the H.M.S ____ led him to propose a revolutionary hypothesis about life
a)
collie
b)
cheetah
c)
beagle
d)
lion
27.
Identify #8
a)
trumpet fish
b)
glass eye snapper
c)
glassy sweeper
d)
squirrel fish
28.
Darwin's hypothesis about how life changes over times is now called the theory of ______.
a)
evolution
b)
variation
c)
derived characteristics
d)
use or disuse
29.
Of all the places he visited, the ______ islands influenced Darwin's ideas about evolution the most.
a)
Hawaiian
b)
Aleutian
c)
Galapagos
d)
Dominican republic
30.
in addition to observing living organisms. Darwin studied the preserved remain of ancient organisms called
a)
fossils
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptations
d)
vestigial organs
31.
same structure but different function are called ________ structures.
a)
vestigial
b)
analogous
c)
homologous
d)
fossils
32.
the idea the each living species has descended with change from other species over time is called
a)
struggle for existence
b)
artificial selection
c)
acquired traits
d)
decent with modification
33.
when farmers select the largest hog, the fastest horse, or the cow that produces the most milk for breeding it is called
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
survival of the fittest
d)
speciatioin
34.
a human appendix, whale hipbones, a skink's legs are all examples of ________
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
vestigial organs
d)
embryonic mates
35.
which is NOT a type of Macroevolution?
a)
extinction
b)
convergent evolution
c)
mutation
d)
gradualism
36.
when structure are different but they have the same function like a bird and a butterfly. these structures are called
a)
homologous
b)
analogous
c)
vestigial
d)
anatomy
37.
when a species live in close contact with each other. example an orchid and a moth.
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
coevolution
c)
gradualims
d)
punctuated equilibrium
38.
When one species splits into two or more lines of decent usually caused by separation like river or valley.
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
coevolution
c)
gradualims
d)
punctuated equilibrium
39.
sudden change in appearance of new species mainly because of changes in the environment.
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
coevolution
c)
gradualims
d)
punctuated equilibrium
40.
when all the species die off
a)
coevolution
b)
punctuated equallibrium
c)
extinction
d)
convergent evolution
41.
which is NOT on of Darwin's conclusions
a)
Adaption
b)
Variation
c)
Survival of the fittest
d)
Over population
42.
which type of natural selection is described?
a)
Stabilizing Selection
b)
Directional Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
43.
which type of natural selection is described?
a)
Stabilizing Selection
b)
Directional Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
44.
which type of natural selection is described?
a)
Stabilizing Selection
b)
Directional Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
45.
The process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment is called _________.
a)
accommodation
b)
variation
c)
adaptation
d)
acclimation
46.
Natural selection is the process by which _________.
a)
the age of selected fossils is calculated
b)
organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less suited to the same environment
c)
acquired traits are passed on from one generation to the next
d)
humans decide which animals to breed based on desired traits
47.
The peppered moth exists in 2 distinct colorations/phenotypes, black and peppered. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, peppered moths outnumber black moths 98% to 2%. The Industrial Revolution spewed coil ash into the air causing a discoloration of the lichen on the trees on which they lived. Because of this the black moth now outnumbered the peppered moths 95% to 5%. In this example scientists discovered that ________________.
a)
the color of the moths was not important
b)
birds preferred the flavor of light-colored moths
c)
coloration was not an inherited trait
d)
moths who’s color matched that of the tree trunks were more likely to survive
48.
The hummingbird and this trumpet plant have evolved together creating a specialized relationship between the two. This example of when two or more species become more adapted over time to each other’s presence is called ________.
a)
divergent
b)
radiation
c)
coevolution
d)
competition
49.
Individuals from a bird population on a continent were carried to an island with another population of the same species by a hurricane. They then began to mate with one another. What is this an example of?
a)
gradualism
b)
gene flow
c)
nonrandom mating
d)
mutation
50.
which type of natural selection is described?
a)
Stablizing
b)
Disruptive
c)
Directional
51.
All the genes, including all the different alleles for each gene, that are present in a population at any one time
a)
allele
b)
gene pool
c)
genome
d)
mitosis
52.
The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as
a)
speciation
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
gradualism
d)
microevolution
53.
The evolution of a new species from an existing species is ____.
a)
natural selection
b)
isolation
c)
speciation
d)
genetic variation
54.
The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of
a)
Law of Superposition
b)
Evolutionary Arms Race
c)
Divergent Evolution
d)
Convergent Evolution
55.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
56.
Refer to the illustration above. While the shark and dolphin are similar in appearance, dolphins evolved from ancestors that were very different from sharks. The current similarity between sharks and dolphins is an example of _________.
a)
coevolution
b)
biogeography
c)
convergent evolution
d)
divergent evolution
57.
The picture to the below shows the divergence of different
species over a period of time. This diagram is known as
a(n) ________.
a)
evolution tree
b)
biology tree
c)
phylogenetic tree
d)
common tree
58.
Which organism will have DNA most similar to the bird?
a)
crocodile
b)
shark
c)
rodent
d)
primate
59.
Match the type of natural selection to its graph
a)
Disruptive
b)
Directional
c)
Stabilizing
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
60.
Match the requirement to the example.
a)
Pelicans can be born with thin beaks or deep beaks.
1.
Variation
b)
Parents with deep beaks have offspring with deep beaks.
2.
Inheritance
c)
Pelicans with deep beaks can meet their need for food.
Pelicans with thin beaks starve to death.
3.
Selection
d)
In the future, more pelicans have deep beaks than thin beaks.
4.
Adaptation
61.
This shows the process of (a) because over time, all of the giraffes will have (b) since they will survive, reproduce, and (c) . Over many generations, this (d) will spread until all individuals have it. This is because of (e) .
Choose from the below words
variation
selecting agent
evolution
long necks
pass on the trait to their offspring
adaptation
natural selection
live
eat more food
62.
Ostriches (birds) and giraffes (mammals) are both native to the savannahs of Africa. They eat food that is high off the ground and share the same characteristic of an elongated neck.
a)
divergent evolution
b)
convergent evolution
c)
coevolution
63.
The kit fox lives in the desert and has large ears with greater surface area that keep the fox from getting overheated. The red fox lives in the forest and has a red coat that keeps it camouflaged.
a)
divergent evolution
b)
convergent evolution
c)
coevolution
64.
The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as
a)
speciation
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
gradualism
d)
microevolution
65.
Some scientists suggest that the mass extinction of dinosaurs resulted from sudden global weather changes caused by the impact of an asteroid on Earth. This event most likely promoted the evolution of new species of animals. What concept is best supported by these ideas?
a)
Punctuated equilibrium
b)
Use and disuse
c)
Gradualism
d)
Convergent evolution
66.
When two organisms evolve in response to each other, such as with bees and flowers.
a)
Coevolution
b)
Gradualism
c)
Sexual selection
d)
Divergent Evolution
67.
_______ describes evolution on a small scale and describes allele frequencies within a population
a)
Microevolution
b)
Macroevolution
68.
_______ describes evolution on a large scale and describes allele frequencies within multiple populations
a)
Microevolution
b)
Macroevolution
69.
Proposes that species are stable most of the time, but every now and then there is a disruptive event that prompt rapid change. (a)
Choose from the below words
Transformational theory
Theory of natural selection
Punctuated equilibrium
Gradualism
70.
a)
analogous structures
1.
similar function but not related
b)
homologous structures
2.
same structure just in different species
c)
coevolution
3.
two species evolve in response to each other
d)
fossils
4.
preserved remnants of once-living organisms
e)
vestigial structures
5.
served functions in ancestors but not needed now
71.
Select the best answer based on the image.
a)
Gene Flow
b)
Genetic Drift
72.
Select the best answer based on the image.
a)
Gene Flow
b)
Genetic Drift
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