WorksheetsWAAW Quiz 2025
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
Which statement is always true for antibiotics but not necessarily true for all antimicrobials?
They act against bacteria only
They can be natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic
They are used to treat viral infections
They include agents targeting parasites and fungi
An antibiotic which at optimal doses kills the target bacteria is best described as which type of agent?
Broad-spectrum antibiotic
Narrow-spectrum antibiotic
Bactericidal agent
Bacteriostatic agent
Which option best describes a common bacterial resistance mechanism?
Increasing drug uptake into the cell
Modifying the drug’s target structure
Decreasing active efflux of the drug
All of the above
During a recent outbreak of an infection in a small town, health officials noticed that patients who had strong immune responses were recovering faster. Which class of medication were prescribed that required active host immunity to clear the infection most effectively?
Bactericidal antibiotics
Bacteriostatic antibiotics
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Antivirals
Which term describes harming the microbe while sparing the patient?
Mode of action
Therapeutic level
Spectrum of activity
Selective toxicity
A patient with endocarditis needs a drug that kills rather than just inhibits bacterial growth. Which choice best fits this need?
Linezolid
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Ceftriaxone
All of the following antimicrobial agents act on the bacterial cell membrane, except:
Gramicidin
Daptomycin
Polymyxins
Vancomycin
All of the following antimicrobial agents act on the 50S ribosomal subunit, except:
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
Streptogramins
Chloramphenicol
An example of a narrow-spectrum antibiotic is:
Vancomycin
Tetracycline
Ampicillin
Amikacin
"I changed the cook… not the kitchen.
Your drug comes looking for the old worker
But I’ve hired someone new.
Now only the powerful drugs you hoped to save work.
What am I?"
Active drug efflux through membrane pumps
Mec A-mediated altered penicillin-binding protein
Beta-lactamase hydrolysis of beta-lactams
Loss of outer membrane porin channels
In routine clinical laboratories, which antimicrobial susceptibility testing method is the "everyday thali"?
Simple, reliable, and done for almost every isolate
Broth microdilution panel testing
Agar dilution using multiple plates
Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method
E-test gradient strip method
Which technique cannot determine a minimum inhibitory concentration value for a specific antimicrobial against a microbe?
E-test gradient diffusion
Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion
Microbroth dilution assay
Macrobroth dilution assay
If Drug A produces a larger zone of inhibition than Drug B in a lab test, Drug A should always be prescribed.
True
False
All of the following are examples of intrinsic antimicrobial resistance, except:
Anaerobic bacteria – Aminoglycosides
Pseudomonas – Carbapenems
Aerobic bacteria – Metronidazole
Gram-negative bacteria – Vancomycin
A major concern regarding antimicrobial resistance is that common infections can become harder to treat, increasing the risk of severe illness and death.
True
False
Which action best reduces the antimicrobial resistance?
Saving leftover antibiotics for later use
Using over the counter antibiotics when individual feels necessary
Getting vaccinated up to date
Stopping of antibiotics as soon as symptoms resolve
According to the World Health Organization, how is antimicrobial resistance ranked among global public health problems?
Among the top 10 worldwide concerns
Not considered a major problem globally
Only a concern in specific regions
Among the top 50 worldwide concerns
In hospital settings, what is the most common route for spread of multidrug-resistant organisms?
Contaminated air ventilation systems
Patient-to-patient direct contact
The hands of healthcare workers
Contaminated food and water sources
Which statement best describes antimicrobial resistance (AMR)?
The human body becomes resistant to antibiotic effects
The antibiotics themselves become less potent over time
The bacteria or other microbes develop resistance to drugs
AMR is only a concern in hospital intensive care units
Which is the BEST example of mismatch between drug spectrum and suspected pathogen, contributing to resistance?
Using doxycycline for atypical pneumonia
Using metronidazole alone for E. coli UTI
Using vancomycin for MRSA infections
Using ampicillin for Enterococcus faecalis
A 22-year-old female has uncomplicated cystitis due to E. coli. Antibiogram shows susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and fosfomycin. Which is the best antibiotic choice?
Meropenem for broad-spectrum coverage
Fosfomycin as a carbapenem-sparing option
Ciprofloxacin due to rapid tissue penetration
Nitrofurantoin targeted for lower urinary tract
A patient presents with urinary tract infection due to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Which antibiotic is LEAST appropriate for treatment?
Imipenem
Ciprofloxacin
Ampicillin
Piperacillin–tazobactam
A burn wound is infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Which carbapenem should be avoided?
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem
Doripenem
When is a narrow‑spectrum antimicrobial the most appropriate choice?
Treatment of polymicrobial intestinal mixed infection
Post‑operative prophylaxis after a surgical procedure
Targeted therapy for strep throat with identified S. pyogenes
Empiric therapy of pneumonia pending culture results
Who can act as an antimicrobial steward in a hospital setting?
Infectious disease physician
Clinical microbiologists
Medicine consultant
Any of the above
Guidelines that direct antibiotic usage within a hospital are best referred to as:
Antibiotic policy
Antibiotic stewardship
Antibiotic audit
Antibiogram
An antimicrobial stewardship program in a hospital is implemented for multiple reasons. Which option is LEAST appropriate as a core reason?
Rapid development of antimicrobial resistance
Misuse and overuse of antimicrobials
Widespread antimicrobial use in humans compared to animals
Poor antimicrobial research
Which is not a back-end strategy of an antimicrobial stewardship program?
Prospective audit and feedback
Formulary restriction
It is labor intensive than front-end strategy
Sustainable than front-end strategy
Which of the following statements is not true of antibiotic stewardship programmes?
A physician should be the leader of the team to effectively monitor appropriate therapy.
A pharmacist should be on the team to improve antibiotic dispensation and monitor the quantity of antibiotics used per patient.
A defined daily dose is not an essential component of the stewardship programme.
Evaluating the need for treatment after a set period of initial treatment, called the ‘antibiotic time-out’, is a crucial part of stewardship programmes.
The WHO AWaRe classification groups antibiotics into categories to guide optimal use, reduce antimicrobial resistance, and improve global stewardship practice. What does “Re” in the classification stand for?
Reduce
Reserve
Restrict
Reuse
Which antibiotic is classified as Watch, despite being used very commonly?
Amoxicillin
Ciprofloxacin
Cotrimoxazole
Doxycycline
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate way to dispose unused or expired antibiotics?
Returning them to a pharmacy collection box
Flushing them down the toilet or sink drain
Disposing of them in the regular trash if incinerated
Using a mail-back envelope provided by a local pharmacy
In which of the following infectious diseases, antibiotics are required
Diarrhea
Influenza
Malaria
None of the above
De-escalation can mean all except
Changing a broad-spectrum antibiotic to one with narrower coverage
Changing from combination therapy to monotherapy
Stopping antibiotic therapy altogether when drugs are no longer required
Switching from narrow spectrum IV antibiotic to broad spectrum oral medication
The front-end or pre-prescription approach in antimicrobial stewardship is a:
Non restrictive approach wherein antibiotics are prescribed by all clinicians
A strategy to ensure restricted prescription of reserved antibiotics
Strategy based on reviewing of prescriptions and advising clinicians to modify antibiotic based on susceptible data
Strategy to advocate de-escalation of an antibiotic following empiric therapy
The most appropriate practice while prescribing antibiotics to a person diagnosed with sepsis is
Sending appropriate cultures and then starting antibiotics based on culture report
Starting broad spectrum antibiotics immediately and then send cultures
Wait to send cultures first and then Start broad spectrum antibiotics
Starting broad spectrum antibiotics. Sending cultures is irrelevant
Which of the following is a common side effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics?
Decreased liver enzyme levels
Improved gut microbiota diversity
Increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection
Enhanced immune response
A 40-year-old man presents with acute watery diarrhea after eating outside food. He insists on getting a “strong antibiotic.” The junior doctor is considering prescribing ciprofloxacin.
What is the MOST appropriate approach?
Prescribe ciprofloxacin because patient demand is high
Prescribe azithromycin to avoid fluoroquinolone resistance
Avoid antibiotics; counsel and manage supportively
Give metronidazole empirically for all food-poisoning case
A 90-year-old bedridden patient has a chronic pressure ulcer. Swab culture grows Pseudomonas, but there are no systemic signs of infection. What is the correct response?
Start IV piperacillin-tazobactam because Pseudomonas is dangerous
Start meropenem to prevent MDR infection
Add dual antipseudomonal therapy to prevent resistance
Do not treat; colonization is common — focus on wound care
An 83-year-old diabetic woman has 3 episodes of UTI in 3 months. Culture repeatedly shows ESBL E. coli.
Which is the MOST important next step in stewardship?
Start antibiotic prophylaxis with nitrofurantoin to prevent recurrence
Start meropenem as ESBL is high risk and must be treated immediately
Start an oral carbapenem-sparing agent. Repeat culture after every completed antibiotic course to ensure eradication
Evaluate and treat modifiable risk factors (hydration, catheter use, glycemic control)
