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WorksheetsAP Psych Unit 1B Review - Sleep and Sensation (New CED)
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 22mins
Which stage of sleep is most closely associated with vivid dreaming?
NREM-1
REM sleep
NREM-2
NREM-3
What is the main function of the retina in the eye?
To focus light onto the lens
To convert light into neural signals
To control the amount of light entering the eye
To interpret visual information
Which neurotransmitter is most involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
Dopamine
Melatonin
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time is called:
Difference threshold
Absolute threshold
Sensory adaptation
Signal detection
Which theory explains how we sense pitch based on the location of vibration along the basilar membrane?
Frequency theory
Place theory
Opponent-process theory
Gate-control theory
Sleep deprivation is most likely to result in which of the following?
Increased alertness
Impaired concentration
Improved memory
Enhanced immune function
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for controlling circadian rhythms?
Hippocampus
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Amygdala
Medulla
The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment is called:
Perception
Sensation
Adaptation
Habituation
Which sleep disorder is characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks?
Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Sleep apnea
Night terrors
The just noticeable difference (JND) is best described by which law?
Weber’s Law
Fechner’s Law
Law of Effect
Law of Similarity
Which of the following is NOT a taste sensation detected by the human tongue?
Sweet
Bitter
Spicy
Umami
What is the main function of rods in the retina?
Detecting color
Detecting dim light
Detecting fine detail
Detecting motion
Which of the following best describes the function of the thalamus in sensory processing?
It directly interprets sensory information.
It acts as a relay station, directing sensory signals to appropriate cortical areas.
It produces melatonin to regulate sleep.
It is responsible for the initial detection of stimuli.
Which sleep stage is characterized by the presence of sleep spindles and K-complexes on an EEG?
REM sleep
NREM-1
NREM-2
NREM-3
Which of the following best explains the phenomenon of sensory adaptation?
The brain ignores all sensory input after repeated exposure.
Sensory receptors become less responsive to constant, unchanging stimuli.
The threshold for detecting a stimulus increases with repeated exposure.
Sensory adaptation only occurs in the visual system.
Which neurotransmitter is most closely associated with the initiation of REM sleep?
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
GABA
Which of the following is an example of signal detection theory in action?
Noticing your phone vibrate in a noisy room because you are expecting a call.
Adapting to the smell of perfume after a few minutes.
Being unable to distinguish between two similar shades of blue.
Seeing a candle flame from 30 miles away.
Which structure in the ear is responsible for transducing sound waves into neural impulses?
Tympanic membrane
Cochlea
Auditory canal
Ossicles
Which of the following best describes the relationship between wavelength and color perception in the human visual system?
Shorter wavelengths are perceived as red, longer as blue.
Shorter wavelengths are perceived as blue/violet, longer as red.
Wavelength does not affect color perception.
All wavelengths are perceived as white.
Which of the following best explains the concept of the difference threshold (just noticeable difference, JND)?
The minimum amount of stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time.
The smallest detectable difference between two stimuli.
The maximum intensity a person can tolerate.
The process of converting sensory input into neural signals.
According to the trichromatic theory of color vision, which combination of cones allows humans to perceive the full spectrum of colors?
Red, yellow, and blue cones
Red, green, and blue cones
Blue, yellow, and black cones
Green, orange, and violet cones
Which of the following best describes the opponent-process theory of color vision?
Color vision is based on the activity of three types of cones, each sensitive to a different wavelength.
Color perception is controlled by opposing retinal processes (red-green, blue-yellow, black-white).
Color vision is determined by the frequency of neural firing in the optic nerve.
Color is perceived only in the occipital lobe.
Which of the following best explains how the volley theory accounts for our ability to perceive certain sound frequencies?
Individual hair cells fire at the same rate as the frequency of the sound wave, regardless of frequency.
Groups of auditory nerve fibers take turns firing in rapid succession, so that their combined firing rate matches the frequency of the incoming sound wave.
The basilar membrane vibrates at different places depending on the frequency of the sound.
The cochlea only responds to low-frequency sounds through volleying.
This is known as BOTTOM-UP processing because it begins with your senses.
sensation
perception
audition
selective attention
This is known as TOP-DOWN processing because our BRAIN influences the stimuli.
sensation
perception
audition
selective attention
TRANSFORMING energy into neural messages that our BRAIN can understand.
transduction
selective attention
psychophysics
sensation adaptation
The MINIMUM STIMULATION to FIRST NOTICE a stimulus is called
absolute threshold
difference threshold
subliminal
signal detection theory
This is just BELOW someone's ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD for conscious awareness.
absolute threshold
difference threshold
subliminal
signal detection theory
This states there is NO ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD. Instead, you notice a stimulus because of expectations, alertness, experiences, etc.
absolute threshold
difference threshold
subliminal
signal detection theory
The MINIMUM CHANGE required to notice the difference between TWO stimuli.
absolute threshold
difference threshold
subliminal
signal detection theory
DIFFERENCE THRESHOLD is also known as
absolute threshold
just noticeable difference
inattentional difference
signal detection theory
WEBER'S LAW states that to notice a difference it matters on the
percentage of change
amount of change
one's expectations
This explains why you don't notice the smell of your house, but you notice the smell of everyone else's houses.
sensory adaptation
inattentional blindness
change blindness
absolute threshould
You incrementally add a drop of vinegar to a pitcher of juice. When someone FIRST NOTICES the vinegar, it has reached his/her
absolute threshold
just noticeable difference
subliminal
sensory adaptation
Paul is blindfolded and holding a 50lb. weight. We incrementally add 0.25lbs. When he notices a change, it has reached his
difference threshold
absolute threshold
subliminal
change blindness
You are able to convert light waves into signals that your brain can interpret due to...
signal detection theory
selective attention
transduction
absolute threshold
Artie's sensory receptors for hearing are being stimulated by sound waves. This illustrates
perception
sensation
transduction
all of the above
Helen's rods and cones are converting information about light waves into a neural signal. This is an example of
sensation
perception
transduction
none of the above
Steve can hear a sound half the time it is presented. This illustrates the
absolute threshold
difference threshold
auditory effect
guessing effect
Joe's sneakers smell awful to his teammates, but he doesn't notice it much at all. The best explanation for this is
his nose is damaged
his teammates are teasing him
sensory adaptation
sensory failure
Sensory information from all EXCEPT which sense passes through the thalamus?
vision
hearing
taste
touch
smell
which part of the eye changes the size of the pupil?
iris
lens
cornea
retina
You are walking to your dorm around 9pm. The receptor cells for vision that will help you the most with this are the
rods
cones
bipolar cells
ganglion cells
Which lobe processes touch information?
frontal
temporal
occipital
parietal
The largest lobe of the brain is the
parietal
frontal
temporal
occipital
What area of Phineas Gage's brain was affected by his tamping rod accident?
Thalamus
Prefrontal cortex
Frontal lobe
Hypothalamus
