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Geodesy Practice Questions: Instruments and Basic Concepts

Total questions: 49

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Теодолитпен бұрышты өлшегенде бірінші іс-әрекет:

a)

Центрлеу

b)

Нүктені көздеу

c)

Микроскоптан есеп алу

d)

Цилиндрлік деңгейлеушігі нөл-пунктке келтіру

e)

Вертикаль дөңгелек нөл пунктке келтіру

2.

Ұйық теодолиттік жүрістің бұрыштарының теориялық мәні қай өрнекпен анықталады?

a)

∑ βтеор = 270°(п − 2)

b)

∑ βтеор = 180°(п − 2)

c)

∑ βтеор = 90°(п − 2)

d)

∑ βтеор = 180°(п ± 2)

e)

∑ βтеор = 360°(п − 2)

3.

1:25000 масштабтағы көлденең масштабтың ең кіші бөлім бағасы:

a)

5 м.

b)

25 м.

c)

250 м.

d)

50 м.

e)

2,5 м.

4.

Қазақстанда абсолюттік биіктіктің бастапқы санағы ретінде қай нөлдік белгі қабылдаған.

a)

Горизонталь ұзындығы.

b)

Деңгейлік бет.

c)

Референц эллипсоид.

d)

Метрлік футшпог.

e)

Кроштад футшпог.

5.

Затты аспаппен көргендегі бұрыштың аспапсыз көргендегі бұрышқа қатынасы.

a)

Көздеу дәлдігі.

b)

Фокустеу.

c)

Бөлу бағасы.

d)

Бейнелеу масштабы.

e)

Дүрбінің үлкейтүі.

6.

Қолайлы жағдайларда ЛЗ-20 штрихты лентамен өлшенген арақашықтықтың салыстырмалы категігі тең.

a)

1/500.

b)

1/1000.

c)

1/1500.

d)

1/5000.

e)

1/2000.

7.

Вертикаль дөңгелектің нөльдік орны қаншаға тең болуы тиіс.

a)

Үшке.

b)

Бірге.

c)

Беске.

d)

Нөлге.

e)

Екіге.

8.

Координаталардың өсімшелерін есептеу үшін нені білу қажет:

a)

Нүктелердің координаталарын.

b)

tgα, ctgα және ара қашықтықы.

c)

Нүктелер арасындағы ара қашықтықын.

d)

Горизонталь бұрыштары.

e)

cosα, sinα және ара қашықтықы.

9.

Нивелирдің көздеу сәулесінің теңіз деңгейінен биіктігі қалай аталады.

a)

Аспаптың бұрышы.

b)

Аспаптың горизонты.

c)

Аспаптың винті.

d)

Аспаптың табаны.

e)

Аспаптың окуляры.

10.

Геометриялық нивелирлеу әдістері.

a)

Тікелей және жанама.

b)

Барометрлік және гидростатикалық.

c)

Алға және ортадан.

d)

Тура және кері.

e)

Геометриялық және тригонометриялық.

11.

Вертикаль пландау бұл?

a)

Жерді тегістеу мақсатында жүргізілетін жұмыс кешені.

b)

Жер бедін түсіру.

c)

Құрылыс торларын бөлу.

d)

Геодезиялық бөлу жұмыстарары.

e)

Трассаны бөлу.

12.

Геодезиялық жұмыс келесі тізбекпен орындалады.

a)

Салу, өлшеу, есептеу, қолдану.

b)

Есептеу, қолдану, өлшеу, салу.

c)

Өлшеу, есептеу, салу, қолдану.

d)

Өлшеу, салу, есептеу, қолдану.

e)

Қолдану, өлшеу,есептеу,салу.

13.

Трассаның негізгі нүктелері.

a)

Трассаның басы,соңы және бұрылыс төбелері.

b)

Бұрылыс төбелері және қисықтың нүктелері.

c)

Пикеттік және плюстік нүктелер.

d)

Жолдың қиылыс нүктелері

e)

Байланыс және аралық нүктелер.

14.

Which science measures the Earth's surface shape and dimensions and its individual parts?

a)

Geodesy

b)

Geophysics

c)

Geobotany

d)

Geology

e)

Geography

15.

Which tool is used to center a theodolite over a station point?

a)

Cylindrical level

b)

Optical sight

c)

Sun mirror

d)

Plumb bob

e)

Tripod head

16.

Which geodetic instrument works with horizontal sighting?

a)

Level

b)

Bussole

c)

Planimeter

d)

Steel tape

e)

Theodolite

17.

What distinguishes tacheometric surveying from visual surveying?

a)

Relief not recorded

b)

Contour drawn only

c)

Plan drawn indoors

d)

Plan made in field

18.

Errors that remain constant or change predictably over repeated measurements are called what?

a)

External

b)

Random

c)

Personal

d)

Occasional

e)

Systematic

19.

A quarry has elevation 10 m. Which horizontal height matches this elevation?

a)

52.5 m

b)

47.5 m

c)

55 m

d)

50 m

e)

45 m

20.

For a 2T30 theodolite, the allowable collimation error should not exceed which value?

a)

02′.5

b)

01′.0

c)

00′.5

d)

01′.5

e)

02′.0

21.

The mismatch between a focusing thread and diaphragm plane is called what?

a)

Thread parallax

b)

Equivalent lens

c)

Kremler

d)

Axis eccentricity

e)

Collimation fault

22.

Using parallel planchette, a trapezoid contour has midline 150 m and planchette constant 2 m. What is the contour area?

a)

30 ha

b)

300 ha

c)

0.3 ha

d)

0.03 ha

e)

3 ha

23.

Which group relates to the accuracy classes T30, T15, T15K?

a)

Precise

b)

High-precision

c)

Technical

d)

Optical

24.

Instrument adjustment is best defined as which action?

a)

Verifying measurement accuracy

b)

Centering the instrument

c)

Correcting found errors

d)

Checking working condition

25.

Instrument height is defined as which line?

a)

Level line to target point

b)

Plumb line to sight axis

c)

Line between objective and eyepiece

d)

Vertical from ground to sight axis

26.

How are quadrilaterals of 100–200 m side length leveled?

a)

Set instrument at one point

b)

By route leveling

c)

Divide each quadrilateral

d)

Run two loops

27.

If line A–B has magnetic declination δH = 10°15′, what is the azimuth α?

a)

10°15′

b)

268°45′

c)

158°05′

d)

358°45′

28.

If a direction angle α equals 156°20′, which formula expresses the relationship between rumb and direction angle?

a)

rθ=α

b)

rθ=180°−α

c)

rθ=360°−α

d)

rθ=α+180°

e)

rθ=α−180°

29.

If a direction angle α equals 220°20′, what is the relationship between rumb and the direction angle?

a)

rθ=α−180°

b)

rθ=α+180°

c)

rθ=360°−α

d)

rθ=180°−α

e)

rθ=α

30.

On a map with scale 1:1,000,000, sheets are divided by meridians every how many degrees?

a)

2°

b)

3°

c)

5°

d)

4°

e)

6°

31.

A telescope with magnification V=20× has an aiming accuracy of what value?

a)

50′′

b)

5′′

c)

0.3′′

d)

30′′

e)

3′′

32.

How is terrain relief represented on a map?

a)

By a line

b)

By scale

c)

By hachures

d)

By contours

e)

By outline

33.

For a closed polygon with 12 vertices, what is the theoretical sum of measured angles?

a)

180°

b)

120°

c)

1200°

d)

2160°

e)

1800°

34.

What is the schematic sketch drawn by hand when recording a situation?

a)

Profile

b)

Abriss

c)

Plan

d)

Cross-section

e)

Map

35.

What are the units for rectangular coordinates?

a)

km, m

b)

percent, promille

c)

liter, square

d)

tonne, kg

e)

degree, minute

36.

For a T30 theodolite, the smallest division on horizontal and vertical circles is what value?

a)

10′

b)

01′

c)

1°

d)

0.1′

e)

12′

37.

In plane geodetic control networks, permanent marks are fixed by which method?

a)

By marks

b)

By stakes

c)

By centers

d)

By pyramids

e)

By signals

38.

Which method in a network measures only the sides of triangles?

a)

Polygonometry

b)

Mixed

c)

Triangulation

d)

Trilateration

e)

Mechanical

39.

Which element indicates the straight section of a route along the alignment?

a)

Tangent segment

b)

Route radius

c)

Route length

d)

Route curvature

e)

Route deflection

40.

The vertical distance from a point on the ground to the level surface is called what?

a)

Height difference

b)

Horizontal distance

c)

Mutual height

d)

Level line

e)

Point elevation

41.

If the relative error is 1/1000, what is the absolute error when measuring a 100 m line?

a)

1 cm

b)

10 cm

c)

20 cm

d)

100 cm

e)

5 cm

42.

Which instrument is intended for measuring distances?

a)

Theodolite

b)

Rangefinder

c)

Compass

d)

Level

e)

Planimeter

43.

Which instrument is primarily used to measure horizontal and vertical angles in surveying?

a)

Measuring tape for linear distances only

b)

Theodolite for precise angle measurements

c)

Clinometer for slope angles only

d)

Compass for magnetic bearings only

e)

Level for elevation difference only

44.

Two leveling rod readings are taken: backsight 1435 mm and foresight 1735 mm. What is the relative height h of the foresight point relative to the backsight point?

a)

h = +2035 mm difference in elevation

b)

h = −100 mm difference in elevation

c)

h = +300 mm difference in elevation

d)

h = −300 mm difference in elevation

e)

h = +100 mm difference in elevation

45.

A rod reading on the black side is 1200 mm, and the base graduation difference between the black and red sides is 4700 mm. What is the reading on the red side?

a)

3500 mm as red-side equivalent

b)

−5900 mm as red-side equivalent

c)

4700 mm as red-side equivalent

d)

5900 mm as red-side equivalent

e)

−3500 mm as red-side equivalent

46.

Which component is adjusted to achieve a clear view of the leveling rod through a level?

a)

Leveling head footscrews

b)

Eyepiece focusing ring

c)

Horizontal motion tangent screw

d)

Objective lens focusing ring

e)

Parallel-plate micrometer knob

47.

Using the right-hand method in traverse computation, which formula updates the next direction angle ak+1 from ak and measured interior angle β?

a)

ak+1 = ak − 180° − β

b)

ak+1 = ak + β

c)

ak+1 = ak + 180° − β

d)

ak+1 = ak + 180° + β

e)

ak+1 = ak − β

48.

A domer value D is computed from two tangent lengths T and a chord K. Which formula is correct?

a)

D = 2T ⁄ K relation of curve

b)

D = K ⁄ 2T relation of curve

c)

D = 2T + K relation of curve

d)

D = T − K relation of curve

e)

D = 2T − K relation of curve

49.

Which item does not belong to the elements of a simple circular curve in surveying?

a)

Bisector of the central angle

b)

Curve apex or beginning point

c)

Tangent meeting point of curve

d)

Curve itself as geometric arc

e)

Domer used in some calculations

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