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WorksheetsUS HIST Final Review
Total questions: 146
Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins
what was the primary purpose of the Yalta Conference in February 1945
to plan the invasion of Germany
to decide the postwar future of Europe
to establish NATO
to formally invite Germany
which leaders were present at the Yalta Conference
Truman, Churchill, Stalin
Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
Roosevelt, Truman, De Gaulle
Eisenhower, Churchill, Stalin
what promise did Stalin make at Yalta regarding Eastern Europe
To spread capitalism
To promote free trade
To protect the USSR from invasion
To weaken China
why did Stalin want a "buffer zone" in Eastern Europe
To spread capitalism
To promote free trade
To protect the USSR from invasion
To weaken China
why did Western leaders become suspicious after Yalta
Stalin withdrew from NATO
Stalin broke promises about free elections
The U.S. rejected communism
Germany rearmed
who developed the policy of containment
Harry Truman
George Marshall
George Kennan
Dwight Eisenhower
what was the main argument of Kennan's "Long Telegram"
The USSR wanted immediate war
The USSR would retreat when faced with resistance
Communism would collapse quickly
Nuclear war was unavoidable
what was the purpose of the Marchall Plan
To rebuild Eastern Europe
To punish Germany
To promote communism
To rebuild Western European economies
how did Stalin respond to the Marshall Plan
Accepted it
Ignored it
Allowed Eastern Europe to join
Rejected it and blocked Eastern Bloc participation
what principle guided NATO
Neutrality
Isolationism
Collective security
Economic cooperation only
why did Americans fear Stalin in the late 1940s
He disbanded the Red Army
He resembled Hitler’s expansionism
He supported U.S. democracy
He rejected nuclear weapons
what event ended the US monopoly on atomic weapons
Hiroshima
Korean War
Soviet atomic bomb test (1949)
Cuban Missile Crisis
what was the "duck and cover" campaign primarily aimed at
adults
soldiers
government workers
school children
what effect did civil defense campaigns have on Americans
Eliminated fear
Reduced Cold War tensions
Increased public anxiety
Ended nuclear threats
what was the goal of Truman's Loyalty Security Program (1947)
promote civil rights
investigate communists in government
expand NATO
support unions
what was a major criticism of loyalty investigations
lack of funding
overreliance on hearsay
ignored military spies
protected civil liberties too much
the Verona Project was designed to
spy on China
decode Soviet communications
train FBI agents
monitor NATO allies
why were Julius and Ethel Rosenburg executed
sabotage
war crimes
espionage
draft resistance
what tactic made Joseph McCarthy initially successful
strong evidence
public fear of communism
bipartisan support
supreme court rulings
why did McCarthy lose credibility in 1954
lost an election
accused the army without proof
switched parties
was revealed as a Soviet spy
what characterized postwar "consensus politics"
political extremism
rejection of the New Deal
broad agreement on welfare state policies
isolationism
what was Truman's domestic program called
New Frontier
Great Society
Fair Deal
Square Deal
Eisenhower's political approach was called
new liberalism
modern republicanism
conservative nationalism
radical centrism
what economic trend defined the 1950s
depression
stagnation
prosperity and middle-class growth
hyperinflation
who was known as the "king of suburbia"
Henry Ford
Harry Truman
Bill Levitt
Dwight Eisenhower
what criticism was often made of suburban life
too expensive
too urban
too diverse
too conformist
what happened to gender roles after WWII
became more egalitarian
remained unchanged
returned to traditional norms
women dominated industry
what did Brown V Board of Education (1954) declare
segregation was legal
separate but equal was constitutional
school segregation was unconstitutional
only southern schools could integrate
what strategy did Martin Luthor King Jr. advocate
armed rebellion
separatism
nonviolent resistance
political isolation
what role did WWII play in Civil Rights momentum
reduced black participation
reinforced segregation
highlighted contradictions in US democracy
ended discrimination
why did the US support France in Vietnam after WWII
support colonialism
strengthen NATO
contain communism
expand US territory
what theory influenced US involvement in Vietnam
balance of power
domino theory
iron curtain theory
containment collapse theory
who committed the US to full-scale war in Vietnam
Eisenhower
Kennedy
Nixon
Johnson
why was guerrilla warfare difficult for US forces
lack of weapons
terrain and civiliain disguise
soviet air power
poor leadership
what ultimately ended US involvement in Vietnam
military victory
public protest
Paris peace accords (1973)
collapse of NATO
what distinguished the Black Power movement from earlier civil rights efforts
focus on voting rights only
emphasis on economic and social equality
support for segregation
rejection of black identity
which group combined activism with armed self-defense
NAACP
SCLC
Black Panther Party
SNCC
what issue especially mobilized youth protest movements
suburban life
civil defense drills
Vietnam war
space race
what book helped launch modern feminism
Silent Spring
The Feminine Mystique
Unsafe at Any Speed
The Second Sex
what lasting achievement came from the feminist movement
Title IX
Prohibition
New Deal
NATO
in what year was Richard Nixon first elected president of the US
1964
1968
1970
1972
what happened in the 1972 presidential election
Nixon lost to a democratic challenger
Nixon declined to run
Nixon was reelected by a majority of voters
the election was postponed
why is Richard Nixon historically significant among US presidents
he served three terms
he was the first president impeached
he was the first president forced to resign
he ended the cold war
how is Nixon's foreign policy best described
extremely aggressive
isolationist
somewhat moderate
pacifist
what overshadowed Nixon's political achievements
economic failure
military defeat
political opposition
criminal misconduct
which president helped begin the trend toward a more active presidency
Abraham Lincoln
Woodrow Wilson
Theodore Roosevelt
Franklin D Roosevelt
when did the expansion of presidential power accelerate most significantly
after the civil war
after WWI
after WWII
during the great depression
Nixon believed that the president should solve national problems by
strictly following congressional limits
ding whatever was necesary
allowing courts to lead
leaving issues to states
Nixon's view of the presidency suggested that he was willing to
weaken executive authority
follow constitutional limits strictly
play fast and loose with the constitution
eliminate executive orders
which statement reflects Nixon's view of his role as president
“Congress must always lead”
“I am the leader”
“The courts decide policy”
“States know best”
what is "impoundment" as used by Nixon
refusing taxes without congress
refusing to spend money approved by congress
expanding foreign aid
declaring war without approval
why did Nixon frequently use impoundment
congress demanded it
he believed programs were too expensive or unnecessary
courts ordered it
states requested it
how did congress respond to Nixon's use of impoundment
ignored it
encouraged it
passed legislation to prevent it
supported Nixon fully
what controversial foreign policy action did Nixon secretly authorize
bombing of Noeth Vietnam
bombing of Cambodia
invading China
blockading Cuba
how did Nixon attempt to hide the bombing of Cambodia
blamed the military
informed the UN
ordered destruction of records
publicly admitted it
what did Nixon claim during his interview with David Frost
presidents must obey all laws
congress is superior to the president
if the president does it, it is not illegal
courts should decide legality
Nixon's upbringing can best be described as
wealthy and privileged
upper class
lower middle class and frugal
elite political family
Nixon's worldview was shaped by the belief that
life was cooperative
politics required compromise
life is a battlefield
government should be passive
what nickname reflected Nixon's reputation for dirty politics
Honest Abe
Slick Willie
Tricky Dick
Silent Cal
what kind of environment did Nixon create in the White House
open and diverse
competitive but fair
siege mentality
relaxed and informal
who was Nixons loyal White House Chief of Staff
Henry Kissinger
John Ehrlichman
H R Haldeman
Gerald Ford
what was Nixon's "enemies list"
a political party list
a list of foreign leaders
a physical list of opponents
a supreme court document
whose names appeared on the Enemies List
only democrats
only foreign leaders
journalists, politicians, and Hollywood figures
military leaders
what group was created to deal with Nixon's enemies
the CIA
the FBI
the Plumbers
the Secret Service
what was the background of most members of the Plumbers
journalists
lawyers
former CIA and FBI personnel
military generals
which activity carried out by the plumbers was illegal
leaking false stories
monitoring elections
forging documents
campaign advertising
where did the Watergate break-in occur
white house
pentagon
democratic party headquarters
supreme court
how long before the 1972 election did the Watergate break-in occur
one year
nine months
five months
one month
why did the plumbers break into Watergate
to steal money
to install bugging devices
to destroy files
to intimidate voters
how were the burglars caught during the Watergate break-in
media exposure
FBI surveillance
security guard alerted police
congressional investigation
what action directly connected Nixon to the Scandal
the break-in itself
campaign speeches
the cover-up
his reelection
which journalists helped uncover the Watergate scandal
Walter Cronkite and San Rather
Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward
Anderson Cooper and Wolf Blitzer
Edward Murrow and Tom Brokaw
who cooperated with prosecutors and linked the White House to Watergate
H R Haldeman
Henry Kissinger
James McCord
Spiro Agnew
what happened to Vice President Spiro Agnew in 1973
impeached
forced to resign
promoted
arrested
which of the following was NOT an article of the impeachment against Nixon
obstruction of justice
abuse of power
treason
contempt of congress
why did Nixon resign before impeachment
public opinion supported him
he was physically ill
he lacked support in his own party
congress dropped charges
on what date did Nixon officially resign
July 4, 1974
August 9, 1974
September 1, 1974
October 20, 1974
who became the president after Nixon resigned
Henry Kissinger
Spiro Agnew
Gerald Ford
H R Haldeman
what major action did President Gerald Ford take regarding Nixon
prosecuted him
impeached him
pardoned him
exiled him
why did Ford pardon Nixon
Nixon was innocent
congress demanded it
the nation needed to move on
Nixon returned stolen funds
what is a core belief of economic conservatism
expansion of welfare programs
strong central government
limited government
government ownership of businesses
economic conservatism in the 1970s grew largely out of
economic prosperity
public trust in government
a belief that government was failing
increased social programs
why were Americans especially angry at the government during the 1970s
space race failures
Nixon and Watergate
supreme court rulings
civil rights laws
which of the following economic conditions contributed to conservative anger
high wages and low prices
deflation
high unemployment and high inflation
economic equality
the combination of high inflation and high unemployment is known as
depression
recession
stagflation
deficit spending
which regions showed strong anti-government sentiment tied to individualism
northeast and midwest
west and south
midwest and south
west and northeast
southern conservatives favored low taxes primarily to
fund social programs
reduce military spending
attract industry
increase welfare
what best describes social conservatism during the conservative revival
support for liberal reforms
cultural backlash against the 1960s
emphasis on economic equality
focus on foreign policy
the "new right" believed the nation was facing
economic collapse
military weakness
declining moral values
foreign invasion
social conservatives wanted to restore
progressive reforms
radical democracy
traditional moral values
socialist policies
which issue did social conservatives generally oppose
free enterprise
feminism
military spending
tax cuts
religious conservatives contributed to the rise of
cable news
televangelists
labor unions
public broadcasting
why were televangelists especially popular during this period
decline of newspapers
growth of youth culture
rise of religious conservatism
expansion of public education
Jerry Falwell was best known as a
senator
supreme court justice
television preacher
labor leader
Jerry Falwell believed American society was harmed by
excessive military spending
the media turning people away from God
public education
immigration
Falwell advocated for
complete separation of church and state
expansion of socialist programs
integrating church and state to restore morality
ending religious influence in politics
what resulted from the merging of economic and social conservative ideals
decline of political parties
conservative movement and revival
New Deal expansion
end of capitalism
the conservative revival helped lead to the election of
Jimmy Carter
George H W Bush
Ronald Reagan
Richard Nixon
Ronald Reagan served as president during which years
1977-1981
1981–1989
1985–1993
1989–1997
how many consecutive terms did Reagan serve
1
2
3
4
what made Reagan an unusual presidential candidate
he had no political experience
he was a former Hollywood actor
he was born outside the US
he was very young
before becoming president, Reagan served as
senator from Texas
secretary of defense
governor of California
mayor of Los Angeles
Reagan believed that over time the US had
reduced federal authority
shifted too much power to the federal government
eliminated state power
strengthened welfare programs
according to Reagan, early American prosperity resulted from
strong labor unions
federal regulation
small central government and laissez-faire type policies
welfare programs
Reagan famously argued that
government solves most problems
government is the problem, not the solution
states need more regulation
congress should lead all reform
why did Regan largely avoid addressing social conservative movements in speeches
he opposed them
he strongly supported them
he feared political backlash
he was unaware of them
Reagan's largest domestic initiative involved
welfare expansion
healthcare reform
major tax cuts
nationalization of industry
Reagan justified tax cuts using which economic theory
Keynesian economics
Mercantilism
Supply-side economics
Socialist economics
according to supply-side economics, tax cuts would
decrease productivity
stimulate economic growth
increase inflation
raise government control
Reagan cut federal spending primarily by targeting
defense programs
education
great society social programs
infrastructure
which programs were affected during Reagan's federal spending cuts
social security and medicare
food stamps and medicaid
veterans benefits
student loans
one result of Reagan's economic policies was
elimination of poverty
reduced military spending
widening gap between the rich and poor
budget surplus
despite cuts, the national budget deficit grew because Reagan
increased welfare spending
raised taxes
increased defense spending
reduced military power
deregulation under Reagan aimed to
increase environmental oversight
reduce business regulations
expand union power
strengthen labor protections
new right conservatives were strongly
isolationist
anti-communist
pro-soviet
neutral
Reagan described communism as
economically weak
a temporary threat
the focus of evil in the modern world
a misunderstood system
how did Reagan confront Soviet power
diplomacy only
withdrawal from NATO
military buildup
economic embargo only
SDI (strategic defense initiative) was intended to
launch nuclear attacks
defend against Soviet nuclear missiles
invade space
spy on allies
critics of SDI argued that
was too cheap
strengthened the Soviet Union
risked WWIII
weakened alliances
which Soviet leader developed a cooperative relationship with Reagan
Joseph Stalin
Nikita Khrushchev
Leonid Brezhnev
Mikhail Gorbachev
one major historical debate about Reagan is whether
he ended inflation
he caused economic collapse
he brought the cold war to an end
he dismantled capitalism
some historians argue the cold war ended largely because
Reagan eliminated communism
Reagan invaded the USSR
Gorbachev was younger and more flexible
NATO disbanded
despite his tough anti-communist stance, Reagan
refused to meet Soviet leaders
sought diplomatic talks with Gorbachev
ended negotiations
cut military spending immediately
which belief best explains why many Americans distrusted the federal government in the 1970s
expansion of civil rights programs
success of the New Deal
Vietnam and Watergate exposed government failures
cold war victory
Nixon's presidency reflected a broader historical trend of
reduced executive authority
expansion of presidential power
congressional dominance
judicial activism
which phrase best captures Nixon's view of executive authority
“The Constitution is absolute”
“Congress knows best”
“When the president does it, it is not illegal”
“Checks and balances must dominate”
why did congress act to restrict presidential impoundment powers
it reduced military spending
it violated supreme court rulings
it undermined congressional budget authority
it harmed state governments
which action most clearly demonstrates abuse of presidential power in the Watergate scandal
Nixon's reelection victory
secret bombing of Cambodia
directing the FBI to halt an investigation
public statements about morality
why was the Watergate cover-up more damaging than the break-in itself
it involved foreign governments
it revealed direct presidential involvement in obstruction
it affected the economy
it caused voter suppression
the white house taping system became critical evidence because it
recorded campaign speeches
captured Nixon ordering the cover-up
recorded media interviews
was installed by congress
which theme connects Nixon's enemies list and the creation of the plumbers
expansion of civil liberties
political paranoia and control
economic reform
bipartisan cooperation
the conservative revival was driven primarily by
economic prosperity
cultural consensus
government distrust and social backlash
foreign policy success
which economic condition helped weaken faith in government solutions during the 1970s
budget surpluses
rising wages
stagflation
falling oil prices
why did social conservatives strongly oppose the liberalism of the 1960s
it expanded military power
it weakened the economy
it challenged traditional moral values
it increased voter turnout
religious conservatives gained political influence largely through
court appointments
grassroots union organizing
television outreach
college protests
Reagan's approach to taxation was based on the belief that
taxes fund equality
tax cuts would slow the economy
tax cuts stimulate growth
taxes should primarily fund welfare
Reagan's economic program differed from the New Deal because it
increased regulation
expanded social safety nets
reduced federal involvement
encouraged union power
which consequence resulted from Reagan-era tax cuts and spending policies
elimination of poverty
balanced federal budget
growing budget deficits
end of income inequality
Reagan's foreign policy was shaped by the belief that the Soviet Union
was a potential ally
would collapse immediately
represented moral and ideological evil
wanted peaceful coexistence
which factor complicates claims that Reagan alone ended the cold war
failure of SDI
domestic protests
Gorbachev's reforms and leadership
Reagan's illness
Reagan's willingness to negotiate with Gorbachev showed that he
abandoned anti-communism
softened his ideology publicly
balanced tough rhetoric with diplomacy
rejected military stregth
which common theme links Nixon's presidency and the conservative revival
trust in federal authority
expansion of social programs
distrust of government power
growth of labor unions
Watergate most directly led to
stronger presidential power
increased voter apathy
greater congressional oversight
expansion of the CIA
which idea best summarizes the conservative critique of mid-20th-century liberalism
it did not go far enough
it created a dependence on government
it ignored defense
it was anti-democratic
Reagan's presidency marked a shift toward
federal activism
liberal consensus
conservative governance
isolationism
which historical development best explains Reagan's electoral success
civil rights movement
new deal coalition
conservative revival and government distrust
end of the cold war
