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WorksheetsHonors Biology 2: Semester 1 Final Exam
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 47mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A Dd individual
a)
has a homozygous genotype.
b)
has a heterozygous phenotype.
c)
has a heterozygous genotype.
d)
has a homozygous phenotype.
2.
Having blonde hair and blue eyes describes a person’s
a)
genotype.
b)
phenotype.
c)
recessive alleles.
d)
dominant alleles.
3.
If a parent cell has an Rr genotype, what gametes will be produced? (What will the outside of your Punnett square look like?)
a)
1 R cell and 1 r cell
b)
4 Rr cells
c)
2 R cells and 2 r cells
d)
2 Rr cells
4.
Why are recessive X-linked alleles always expressed in males?
a)
Because males have just one X chromosome.
b)
Because males have just one Y chromosome.
c)
Because the dominant X chromosome is silent in males
d)
Because females have two X chromosomes
5.
Which of the following is an example of a multiple allele trait?
a)
cattle hair color
b)
ABO blood type
c)
both of the above
6.
A mother has red-green color blindness (X-linked recessive trait). Her husband is not affected.
a)
All of their daughters will have red-green color blindness.
b)
All of their sons will have red-green color blindness.
c)
Half of their sons will have red-green color blindness.
d)
All of their children will have red-green color blindness.
7.
An example of pleiotropy is
a)
Marfan syndrome
b)
sickle cell anemia.
c)
vitamin D-resistant rickets.
d)
hemophilia A.
8.
When roan cattle are mated, 25% of the offspring are red, 50% are roan, and 25% are white. Upon examination, it can be seen that the coat of a roan cow consists of both red and white hairs. This trait is one controlled by ____.
a)
mulitple alleles
b)
codominant alleles
c)
sex-linked genes
d)
polygenic inheritance
9.
If a parent cell has a BbLl genotype, what gametes will be produced (what would be at the top of the punnett square)?
a)
1 BL cell, 1 Bl cells, 1bL cell, and 1 bl cells
b)
4 BL cells
c)
2 BL cells and 2 bl cells
d)
1 BL cell and 1 bl cell
10.
A polygenic trait is controlled by
a)
one gene with two alleles
b)
one gene with multiple alleles
c)
one gene with codominant alleles
d)
the interaction of more than one gene
11.
The ABO blood type is a multiple allele trait. Which of the following in NOT a blood type phenotype?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
AB
d)
BO
12.
The X and Y chromosomes are known as the
a)
sex chromosomes
b)
male and female chromsomes
c)
sex determining chromosomes
d)
non-autosomal chromosomes
13.
What are the expected genotypes form a PPtt and PPTt cross? (Purple is dominant to white and Tall is dominant to short)
a)
half purple-tall and half purple-short
b)
all purple-tall plants
c)
all PPtt
d)
half PPTt and half PPtt
14.
Which statement is a fundamental principle of the cell theory?
a)
All cells have a plasma membrane
b)
Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells
c)
Living organisms are composed of cells
d)
The genetic material in cells is DNA
15.
Which statement about bacterial cells is true?
a)
The cells are very large
b)
The cells have no nucleus
c)
They are eukaryotes
d)
They have membrane-bound organelles
16.
Which is present in ONLY eukaryotic cells?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
nucleus
17.
Which organelle converts sugars into energy?
a)
lysosome
b)
mitochondria
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
18.
At what point in the process of diffusion is dynamic equilibrium reached?
a)
When the movement of the molecules stops being random
b)
When the molecules are mixed and stop moving
c)
When the rate of change in the solution slows by a half
d)
When there is continuous movement but no overall change in concentration
19.
What is a major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?
a)
Active transport moves substances against the concentration gradient
b)
Active transport uses proteins in the process
c)
Facilitated diffusion moves molecules through the plasma membrane
d)
Facilitated diffusion requires large amounts of energy
20.
A plant cell prefers to be in what type of environment
a)
hypotonic
b)
isotonic
c)
hypertonic
d)
none of the above
21.
An animal cell is placed in an isotonic solution. Additional amounts of solutes are slowly added to the solution (outside the cell). What happens to the cells?
a)
They will begin to swell
b)
They will burst
c)
They will stay the same
d)
It will shrink
22.
What types of materials are expelled from cells during exocytosis?
a)
large molecules
b)
positive and negative ions
c)
small molecules such as carbon dioxide
d)
water and glycerol
23.
Which of the following is an example of passive transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
facilitated diffusion
d)
sodium-potassium pump
24.
Which of the following structures are present in all cells?
a)
ribosomes
b)
cytoplasm
c)
plasma (cell) membrane
d)
all of the above
25.
The first cells observed were from
a)
tiny animals
b)
plaque
c)
cork
d)
leaves
26.
What is one main difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?
a)
Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus.
b)
Prokaryotic cells have many internal structures, whereas eukaryotic cells are simpler.
c)
Prokaryotic cells can be large, whereas eukaryotic cells are usually smaller
d)
All of the above are differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.
27.
Which is true of the nucleus?
a)
It is an organelle that lacks an outer membrane
b)
DNA is found in the nucleus in ALL cells
c)
It is only found in eukaryotic cells
d)
All of the above are true
28.
Which of the following is located in the cytoplasm?
a)
the plasma membrane
b)
the eukaryotic cell's DNA
c)
the golgi apparatus
d)
All of the above are true
29.
Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?
a)
All organisms are made of one or more cells.
b)
All the life functions of organisms occur within cells.
c)
All cells come from already existing cells
d)
All of the Above are parts of the cell theory
30.
The plasma membrane has the phospholipids’
a)
hydrophilic tails on the interior and hydrophobic heads pointing outwards.
b)
hydrophilic heads on the interior and hydrophobic tails pointing outwards.
c)
hydrophobic tails on the interior and hydrophilic heads pointing outwards.
d)
hydrophobic heads on the interior and hydrophilic tails pointing outwards
31.
Organelles specific to plant cells include which of the following?
a)
chloroplasts
b)
cell membrane
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
nucleus
32.
Which organelle helps make, store and transport lipids and carbohydrates?
a)
ribsosomes
b)
the golgi apparatus
c)
smooth ER
d)
rough ER
33.
Complete the following sentence: DNA “lives” in the ____________, proteins are made on the __________, and the ____________ consists of everything inside the plasma membrane of the cell.
a)
nucleus, ribosomes, cytoskeleton
b)
mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoskeleton
c)
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, central vacuole
d)
nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm
34.
What feature is found in many aquatic organisms to help make sure their cells don't burst by pumping excess water back out into the environment?
a)
sodium/potassium pump
b)
centriole
c)
contractile vacuole
d)
none of the above
35.
What is the main difference between passive transport and active transport?
a)
Passive transport needs energy, active transport does not.
b)
Active transport needs energy, passive transport does not.
c)
Only passive transport involves a protein.
d)
Only active transport can transport ions across the cell membrane.
36.
Which of the following are involved in facilitated diffusion? (1) channel proteins, (2) carrier proteins, (3)pumps, (4) vesicles.
a)
1 only
b)
1 and 2
c)
3 and 4
d)
1, 2, and 4
37.
If there are 10,000 calcium ions inside the cell and 2,000 calcium ions outside the cell, in which direction will these ions naturally flow?
a)
They will flow from outside the cell to inside the cell.
b)
They will flow from inside the cell to outside the cell.
c)
They will flow from the inside of one cell into the next cell.
d)
Calcium ions cannot flow in or out of the cell.
38.
Osmosis is the
a)
diffusion of ions and small molecules.
b)
diffusion of glucose and proteins.
c)
diffusion of water
d)
active transport of water, ions, or small molecules.
39.
Which of the following are types of active transport? (1) the sodium-potassium pump, (2) exocytosis, (3)endocytosis, (4) osmosis.
a)
1 only
b)
2 and 3
c)
1, 2, and 3
d)
1, 2, and 3 and 4
40.
What part of the cell determines what enters and leaves the cell?
a)
the plasma (cell) membrane
b)
the nucleus
c)
the vesicles
d)
the golgi apparatus
41.
Which of the following proteins changes shape as it transfers materials across the membrane?
a)
channel proteins
b)
carrier proteins
c)
vesicles
d)
osmosis proteins
42.
Which of the following is a type of passive transport?
a)
osmosis
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
simple diffusion
d)
all of the above
43.
Which process plays an important role in homeostasis?
a)
osmosis
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
exocytosis
d)
all of the above
44.
During active transport, molecules move from an area of ____________ concentration to an area of ____________ concentration.
a)
higher, lower
b)
lower, higher
c)
higher, the same
d)
lower, the same
45.
Which statement about cells is false?
a)
Cells are the smallest units that can carry out life processes.
b)
All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
c)
Cells are the basic units of structure and function of living things
d)
The cells of living things are all identical.
46.
LIVING cells were first observed under a microscope by
a)
Theodor Schwann
b)
Rudolf Virchow
c)
Robert Hooke
d)
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
47.
The plasma membrane of a cell consists of two layers of
a)
nucleic acids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
phospholipids
d)
lysosomes
48.
The energy for active transport comes from
a)
ATP
b)
RNA
c)
carrier proteins
d)
extracellular fluid
49.
Endocytosis moves macromolecules _____________ the cell where exocytosis moves macromolecules __________ the cell.
a)
into, out of
b)
out of, into
c)
through, out of
d)
out of, through
50.
Besides the lack of a nucleus, in what other ways are prokaryotic cells different from eukaryotic cells?
a)
they are smaller than eukaryotic cells
b)
they are more complex than eukaryotic cells
c)
they don't contain genetic information (DNA)
d)
none of the above
51.
Which of the following are found in BOTH prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (select all that apply)
a)
Capsule
b)
Ribosome
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Cytoplasm
52.
Which of the following are functions of nucleic acids
a)
They help make proteins
b)
Controls cell activities
c)
They pass instructions from parents to offspring
d)
All of the above
53.
Which of the following is a type of RNA
a)
transfer RNA
b)
messenger RNA
c)
ribosomal RNA
d)
All of the above
54.
Lipids are
a)
Insoluble in water
b)
Found in fats, oils, waxes and hormones
c)
Made up of fatty acids
d)
All of the above
55.
Which of the following is a function of a lipid
a)
long term energy storage (fat)
b)
major component in the cell membrane
c)
make up the basis of hormones
d)
all of the above
56.
Jackson has a big football game tomorrow evening. What monomer should he load up on during dinner to ensure that he has enough energy for the big game?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
57.
If Mrs. Porterfield wanted to grow her hair out without fear of it breaking or becoming damaged, what macromolecule should she increase in her diet?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
58.
A(n) ____________ cannot be broken down into other types of substances
a)
element
b)
compound
c)
molecule
d)
metal
59.
Function of proteins include
a)
giving cells their shape by helping build different structures
b)
mark or neutralize foreign substances for destruction
c)
help transport substances in the blood and lymph system
d)
all of the above
60.
Complex carbohydrates (like starch) are made out of subunits called __________
a)
polypeptides
b)
monosaccharides/polysaccharide chains
c)
amino acids
d)
nucleotides
61.
Nucleic acids are made out of subunits called
a)
DNA
b)
monosaccharides
c)
amino acids
d)
nucleotides
62.
Sugar and starch are the type of organic compound called
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
fats
63.
Which statement is true about saturated fatty acids
a)
have at least 1, carbon to carbon DOUBLE bond
b)
they have bent chains
c)
they have as many hydrogen atoms possible
d)
none of the above
64.
Amino acids are held together by ___________ bonds.
a)
ionic
b)
peptide
c)
hydrogen
d)
none of the above
65.
Which macromolecule speeds up chemical reactions?
a)
Protein (enzyme)
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
66.
The heads of a phospholipid are _______________ while the tails of a phospholipid are _________________.
a)
hydrophobic, hydrophobic
b)
hydrophilic, hydrophilic
c)
hydrophobic, hydrophilic
d)
hydrophilic, hydrophobic
67.
Complete the following sentence: ________ uses the information in ________ to assemble the __________ and make the proteins.
a)
RNA, DNA, amino acids
b)
DNA, RNA, amino acids
c)
amino acids, DNA, RNA
d)
DNA, amino acids, RNA
68.
A good hypothesis must be
a)
testable
b)
based on scientific knowledge and research
c)
falsifiable... can be proven wrong
d)
all of the above
69.
To gain the status of a scientific theory, an idea must be
a)
first given the status of scientific law
b)
tested and confirmed repeatedly
c)
voted on at a scientific convention
d)
all of the above
70.
In an experiment, a group of scientists want to test the effect of humidity on plant growth. The scientists expose the plants in the study to a range of different humidities to measure plant growth over a specified amount of time. In this experiment what is the independent variable?
a)
plant growth
b)
humitdity
c)
fertilzer
d)
all of the above
71.
Testing a(n) ___________ involves performing a(n) _____________.
a)
experiment, observation
b)
hypothesis, experiment
c)
observation, hypothesis
d)
conclusion, prediction
72.
Scientists must understand that
a)
science cannot provide answers to all questions
b)
scientific ideas are fact, and can never be revised
c)
strong scientific ideas are changed every week
d)
science is unchanging
73.
Which is the general order in a scientific investigation?
a)
ask a question, test the hypothesis, communicate results, draw conclusions
b)
make observations, ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis
c)
draw conclusions, ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis
d)
ask a question, make observations, test the hypothesis, draw conclusions
74.
A scientific theory is
a)
an educated guess
b)
a guess about how or why something happens
c)
a statement that describes what always happens under certain conditions in nature
d)
an explanation for events that are generally accepted as true
75.
An example of a dependent variable is
a)
the amount of light plants are exposed to each day during an experimental study
b)
the amount plants grow under specific conditions during an experimental study
c)
the amount of fertilizer given to plants during an experimental study
d)
the amount of water given to plants each day during an experimental study
76.
Science
a)
is a way of gaining knowledge about the natural world
b)
is done by following the scientific method and scientific investigations
c)
is an ongoing process that is forever changing
d)
all of the above
77.
A main difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis is that
a)
the theory has been repeatedly tested and proven
b)
the theory must be based on scientific knowledge
c)
the theory is a possible answer to a scientific question
d)
all of the above
78.
To be classified as a living thing, an object must be able to
a)
make its own food
b)
grow and develop
c)
move on its own
d)
do all of the above
79.
According to the cell theory,
a)
all living things are made of many cells
b)
all cells come from preexisting cells
c)
all living things have different types of cells
d)
all living things have cells organized into tissues
80.
The best definition of Biology is: The science of _________
a)
life
b)
plants and animals
c)
living organisms
d)
the human body
81.
Homeostasis is
a)
the ability to give rise to offspring
b)
maintaining a stable internal environment
c)
the ability to detect and respond to changes in their environment
d)
the ability to grow and develop
82.
A cell can best be described as
a)
the smallest characteristic of living things
b)
the basic structural unit necessary for living things
c)
the smallest unit of function of living things
d)
the basic unit of structure and function of living things
83.
A energy utilization is most related to
a)
maintaining a stable internal environment
b)
giving rise to offspring
c)
metabolism or all of the chemical changes in a living thing
d)
detecting changes in the environment
84.
Living things do all of the following except
a)
make adjustments to nonliving factors around them
b)
maintain a steady internal environment
c)
grow through cell division or through overall cellular growth
d)
pass an identical genetic code to their offspring for many generations
85.
A person studying a topic is presented with new information that conflicts with previous findings. What would a scientists do in this situation?
a)
ignore the new information
b)
argue against the new information
c)
evaluate the new information
d)
keep the new information to himself
86.
Which of the following in an observation
a)
you record air temperature every day for a week
b)
you propose that a cold front is approaching
c)
you hypothesize that the temperature will increase tomorrow
d)
you conclude that the season is changing
87.
A researcher is interested in the effects of nitrate and phosphate on plant growth and sets up an experiment in which groups of five plants are given 1, 2, and 3 grams of nitrate and 1, 2, and 3 grams of phosphate in all combinations over a period of one month. Everything else about the plant is kept the same (water, type, soil, sunlight, etc.) The researcher measures plant height and weight at the end of the experiment. What is missing in this experimental design?
a)
a control
b)
an independent variable
c)
a dependent variable
d)
a constant
88.
Which of the following correctly sequences the steps of the scientific method?
a)
question, observation, explain, design and conduct experiment, collect and analyze data, report findings
b)
observe, question, make a testable explanation, experiment, collect and analyze data, state results
c)
form a hypothesis, observe, investigate a testable question, collect and analyze data, state results
d)
design and conduct an investigation based on testable question, form a hypothesis, collect data, state findings
89.
Science is a distinctive way of learning about the world through...
a)
observation
b)
formulating and testing hypotheses
c)
gathering and analyzing data
d)
all of the above
90.
What is scientific law?
a)
A rule about how to stay safe in a lab
b)
A list of famous scientists
c)
A principle to explain what always happens under certain conditions
d)
A hypothesis
91.
You shine a flashlight in your friend's eye and observe the pupil constrict. Which characteristic of living things have you observed?
a)
Living things are made of cells.
b)
Living things reproduce.
c)
Living things grow and develop.
d)
Living things respond to stimuli in the environment.
92.
Which of the following is a way in which organisms can obtain their energy?
a)
Autotrophic- the organism obtains its energy from eating other organisms
b)
Autotrophic- the organism obtains its energy from the sun
c)
Heterotrophic- the organism obtains its energy from the sun
d)
None of these are ways that living things obtain their energy.
93.
What kind of reproduction requires 2 parents genetic information?
a)
asexual
b)
sexual
c)
both asexual and sexual
d)
neither asexual or sexual
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