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Worksheetsnutri (DIET & HIV)
Total questions: 77
Worksheet time: 39mins
Which term correctly defines HIV in full?
Human Immunity Depletion Virus
Human Infected Viral Disease
Human Immune Defect Syndrome
Human Immuno-deficiency Virus
What does the acronym AIDS stand for?
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
Acute Immune Disorder Syndrome
Acquired Infection Disease Syndrome
Auto Immune Defect Syndrome
Which statement best distinguishes HIV from AIDS?
HIV is the virus; AIDS is the syndrome
HIV is a symptom; AIDS is the treatment
HIV is a vaccine; AIDS is a virus
HIV is cured easily; AIDS is temporary
Which body system is primarily affected leading to AIDS?
The nervous system becomes overactive
The respiratory system becomes congested
The digestive system becomes inflamed
The immune system becomes deficient
Which is a recognized route of HIV transmission shown in the visuals?
Sharing household utensils
Casual social conversation
Mosquito bites outdoors
Unprotected sexual contact
Which healthcare-related practice can transmit HIV if infected material is involved?
Listening with a stethoscope
Transfusion of contaminated blood
Measuring blood pressure routinely
Using sterile gloves once
Which action poses a significant risk of HIV transmission?
Sharing clean drinking water bottles
Eating meals at the same table
Sharing infected needles or syringes
Using separate bath towels daily
What is a mother-to-child route of HIV transmission?
From infected mother to her baby
From baby to mother by crying
From grandparents by hugging
From siblings by sharing toys
Which common social contact does NOT spread HIV?
All listed choices do not
Sitting near someone on buses
Breathing shared indoor air
Handshake or hugging in public
Which statement reflects HIV transmission statistics awareness?
Risk is identical for every activity
Risk is eliminated by washing hands only
Risk always decreases with older age alone
Risk increases with multiple unprotected partners
Which preventive action directly reduces sexual transmission risk?
Consistent condom use during intercourse
Wearing long-sleeved clothing
Taking vitamins once per week
Avoiding spicy foods routinely
Which scenario requires immediate post-exposure evaluation for HIV?
Accidental needle stick with unknown source
Sharing a classroom chair with someone
Using a public restroom briefly
Touching a doorknob in hospitals
Which route accounts for the largest proportion of HIV transmission in the pie chart?
Unidentified routes predominate overall
Injection drug use predominates overall
Perinatal transmission predominates overall
Sexual transmission predominates overall
Identify the approximate percentage labeled for sexual transmission in the chart.
About four point three percent
About nineteen point nine percent
About fifty-five point six percent
About eighty-four point six percent
Which statement correctly distinguishes social contact from transmission risk?
Sharing needles does not spread HIV
Shaking hands does not spread HIV
Using toilets spreads HIV
Kissing always spreads HIV
From the list, which activity is a known transmission route for HIV?
Mosquito bites outdoors
Unprotected sexual intercourse
Sharing office computers
Eating meals together
Evaluate this claim: ‘HIV spreads through mosquito bites.’ Choose the best response.
Correct; mosquitoes become reservoirs for HIV
Partially correct; only certain mosquitoes transmit
Correct; mosquitoes inject HIV when biting
Incorrect; mosquitoes do not transmit HIV
Which route in the chart is least common among the labeled categories?
Injection drug use at around 1.8%
Blood products at around 1.9%
Unidentified routes at around 5.6%
Perinatal transmission at around 4.3%
Choose the best public health recommendation based on the data.
Ban shared office equipment nationwide
Prioritize sexual risk reduction strategies
Discourage cohabitation in the same household
Focus mainly on mosquito control programs
Which everyday behavior listed is safe and does not transmit HIV?
Living together in the same house
Sharing contaminated needles
Unprotected sexual intercourse
Transfusion of unscreened blood
During the window period after HIV infection, which statement is most accurate for clinical testing and transmission risk?
Antibodies not developed, tests may be negative
Virus cleared, tests show permanent negative
Antibodies present, person cannot infect others
Antibodies are fully developed, tests show positive
Typical time it may take for an untreated HIV-positive person to progress to AIDS is best described as:
About two to four months
Approximately eight to ten years
Roughly one to two years
Nearly twenty to thirty years
Which feature of early HIV infection complicates prevention efforts in communities?
Symptoms only gastrointestinal
Symptoms always severe and unique
Symptoms absent or non-specific
Immediate exclusive symptoms appear
Identify the age group most highlighted as heavily affected by HIV/AIDS in terms of productivity loss.
Adults aged 15–49 years
Children aged 0–14 years
Adolescents aged 10–19 years
Older adults 65+ years
Which statement best explains why HIV/AIDS has a socio-economic impact beyond health?
Always prevents education attendance
Targets the most productive workforce
Affects mainly retirees and infants
Causes instant mortality in all cases
What prevention challenge arises from cultural attitudes toward discussing sexual issues?
Openness increases risk behaviors
Stigma completely disappears
Taboo hinders education efforts
Mandatory testing becomes universal
Which reason contributes to difficulty in estimating the exact magnitude of HIV in a population?
Symptoms uniquely identify all cases
Window period yields false negatives
All infections are promptly reported
Perfectly accurate tests exist immediately
Select the most accurate statement about HIV prevention potential.
Infections are inevitable and unstoppable
Infections can be reduced through measures
Prevention works only for children
Only vaccines can prevent infections
Which statement best describes how antiretroviral drugs act against HIV?
They neutralize HIV by boosting antibodies only
They block stages of the viral life cycle
They stimulate HIV to replicate more rapidly
They directly kill all circulating virus particles
Why is antiretroviral therapy considered essential for people living with HIV?
It works only when taken during acute infection
It cures HIV completely in most patients
It improves longevity and prevents opportunistic infections
It replaces the need for medical monitoring entirely
Which practice aligns with current guidance for effective ART?
Use a single drug continuously without changes
Combine recommended drugs as a regimen
Stop therapy once symptoms disappear
Rotate drugs monthly to avoid resistance
Which statement accurately reflects ART effectiveness versus cure?
ART only helps when paired with antibiotics
ART controls HIV effectively but is not a cure
ART is ineffective for long-term viral control
ART cures HIV and eliminates the virus
A patient asks what happens to HIV replication when on ART. What is the most accurate response?
Replication shifts to non-infectious viral particles
Replication continues unchanged despite therapy
Replication increases to trigger immune memory
Replication stops because viral stages are blocked
Which statement best explains why many people living with HIV may need increased calorie intake?
Calories are less absorbed in healthy intestines
Antiretroviral drugs eliminate energy needs
HIV reduces hunger signals permanently
Immune response increases energy expenditure
A patient with advanced HIV presents underweight with recurrent infections. Which dietary adjustment is most appropriate?
Increase protein and extra calories
Eliminate carbohydrates completely
Restrict fats and proteins severely
Switch to low-calorie liquid diets
Which nutrient primarily builds muscle and supports immune function?
Protein
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Water
Which pair of nutrients mainly provides energy for daily activities?
Protein and minerals
Water and vitamins
Vitamins and minerals
Carbohydrates and fats
Select the best description of a healthy diet for PLHIV.
Exclusive use of supplements without meals
Very low calories to prevent weight gain
High sugar intake to boost quick energy
Adequate essential nutrients and varied food groups
Which practice is most critical to reduce infection risk during food preparation for immunosuppressed patients?
Maintain strict hygiene and food safety
Prefer raw foods for maximal nutrients
Share utensils with family members
Skip handwashing before cooking
Why might nutrition be especially important during HIV treatment that causes diarrhea and lipid abnormalities?
Prevents all side effects from medications
Supports strength, energy, and immune health
Replaces the need for antiretroviral drugs
Allows indefinite fasting without harm
Which nutrient primarily regulates body processes and contributes to tissue formation along with minerals?
Vitamins
Fats
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Which statement best describes a key nutritional impact of HIV on the body?
Reduced susceptibility to infections
Enhanced lean tissue development
Disruption of normal metabolism
Improved nutrient absorption efficiency
Which illness is commonly associated with the nutritional impacts of HIV?
Gallstones
Hypothyroidism
Anorexia
Hypertension
An active non-HIV-infected adult typically requires approximately how many kilocalories per day?
1500 kcal/day
2070 kcal/day
2600 kcal/day
3200 kcal/day
Compared with non-infected adults, HIV-infected adults generally need how much more energy per day?
30 to 35 percent more
20 to 25 percent more
10 to 15 percent more
5 to 8 percent more
For a non-HIV-infected adult, typical daily protein needs are closest to which values?
35 g for men, 30 g for women
57 g for men, 48 g for women
75 g for men, 60 g for women
90 g for men, 70 g for women
HIV-infected adults often require approximately what increase in daily protein compared with non-infected adults?
50 to 100 percent more
10 to 25 percent more
120 to 150 percent more
30 to 40 percent more
Which outcome is part of the malnutrition pathway linked with HIV?
Muscle wasting and thinness
Improved appetite control
Increased hemoglobin levels
Rapid lean mass gain
Which strategy best increases total daily calories for someone living with HIV?
Reducing starches and sugars
Adding extra fat and carbohydrates
Substituting water for milk
Eliminating oils and dressings
Which fat addition is an appropriate way to raise meal energy density?
Plain rice without sauces
Skim milk only, no oils
Butter, sour cream, peanut butter
Only steamed vegetables
Which list contains carbohydrate-rich starch sources suitable for adding calories?
Walnuts, almonds, pistachios
Breads, biscuits, crackers
Lettuce, cucumbers, peppers
Chicken, fish, eggs
Which foods primarily provide simple sugars to increase energy intake?
Broccoli and kale
Fresh or dried fruits
Lean meats and poultry
Hard cheeses only
What proportion of daily calories from fat is recommended to support energy needs in PLHIV?
About 60 percent
About 30 percent
About 45 percent
About 15 percent
Which guidance on fat quality aligns with recommendations for PLHIV?
Choose mostly saturated fats daily
Use trans fats to increase energy
Emphasize monounsaturated fats like olive oil
Avoid all dietary fats entirely
For PLHIV with diabetes or insulin resistance, where should most carbohydrates come from?
Only high-fat dairy products
Sugary beverages and syrups
Refined breads and crackers
Vegetables as primary carbohydrate sources
Which daily protein intake best matches guidance for PLHIV males?
100 to 150 grams per day
70 to 90 grams per day
160 to 200 grams per day
40 to 70 grams per day
Which statement reflects the role of vitamins and minerals for PLHIV?
They replace the need for dietary protein
They should be avoided during infections
They help repair tissue and support immunity
They are unnecessary if calories are high
Which statement best describes why drinking enough liquids is important for people living with HIV (PLHIV)?
Liquids replace all missing calories in meals
Water eliminates the need for micronutrient intake
Fluids transport nutrients throughout the body
Drinks prevent all medication side effects
Which benefit is most directly linked to increasing water intake for PLHIV?
Helps flush out used medicines
Ensures complete vitamin absorption
Guarantees normal blood pressure
Stops viral replication entirely
Which beverage should be avoided to prevent dehydration risk due to caffeine?
Herbal water infusions
Plain warm water
Colas and coffee
Diluted fruit juice
A patient aims to begin and end each day supporting hydration. Which simple routine aligns with guidance?
Drink a glass of water
Take a multivitamin pill
Measure body weight daily
Eat citrus fruit slices
Which vitamin is noted for protecting the body from infection and aiding recovery?
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Vitamin E
Which set lists common food sources of vitamin A and beta-carotene?
Fortified milk and fatty fish
Citrus fruits and tomatoes
Whole grains and legumes
Liver, eggs, dark green and orange produce
For PLHIV, which supplement caution is specifically mentioned for iron?
Prefer doses above 100 mg routinely
Limit to 45 mg per day unless advised
Combine with caffeine-containing drinks
Avoid any daily intake entirely
Which nutrient is highlighted as important for developing and maintaining healthy bones and teeth?
Vitamin D
Selenium
Folate
Zinc
Which combination best represents the BRAT diet recommended during nausea or diarrhea?
Bread, Ramen, Apricots, Tea
Beans, Radishes, Artichokes, Tofu
Broccoli, Raisins, Avocado, Turkey
Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast
When managing nausea, which timing strategy with liquids is advised?
Avoid liquids during meals
Drink liquids only after dinner
Sip liquids continuously all day
Increase liquids before every meal
Which food choice is most appropriate for mouth and swallowing problems?
Spicy curry and hot tea
Citrus salad with grapefruit
Raw carrots and nuts
Mashed potatoes and yogurt
Which beverage approach helps manage diarrhea while avoiding irritants?
Use whole milk for fluid replacement
Choose very hot caffeinated beverages
Hydrate with water; limit sugary sodas
Drink energy drinks throughout day
Which option lists foods to avoid to reduce nausea symptoms?
Fresh herbs, mild spices, leafy greens
Fatty, very sweet, spicy, strong-odor foods
Lean proteins, whole grains, gentle fruits
High-fiber, bland, soft, low-sugar foods
Plan a morning routine to minimize nausea upon waking. Which choice aligns with guidance?
Have spicy oatmeal immediately
Skip food until mid-morning
Eat a small cracker before getting up
Drink a large smoothie in bed
A patient with mouth pain needs a snack. Which option best fits recommended textures and temperatures?
Room-temperature canned peaches
Piping-hot tomato soup
Crunchy granola with almonds
Cold orange slices
Which statement best describes the role of nutrition for people living with HIV (PLHIV)?
It eliminates all infection risks permanently
It mainly affects taste preferences and cravings
It supports body strength and immune function
It replaces prescribed antiretroviral medications
A PLHIV who is underweight or chronically ill should prioritize which dietary approach?
High-protein, high-calorie diet
Low-protein, low-calorie meals
Zero-fat, zero-sugar regimen
Intermittent fasting most days
Which action aligns with safe food practices for PLHIV?
Keeping kitchen clean and washing foods
Rinsing hands briefly without soap
Storing cooked meat at room temperature
Using the same board for raw and cooked
A PLHIV experiencing vomiting or diarrhea should adjust hydration how?
Maintain usual fluid intake
Increase liquids more than usual
Reduce fluids to avoid nausea
Avoid liquids and sip only broth
Before starting vitamin or mineral supplements, what is the recommended step for PLHIV?
Begin immediately if friends suggest
Check with your Doctor first
Only use herbal alternatives
Stop all current medications
