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Earth's Interior Review

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The thinnest layer of the Earth is the ___________.
a)
mantle
b)
crust
c)
core
2.

Which layer of the earth is most dense?

a)

crust

b)

outer core

c)

inner core

d)

mantle

3.

Which layer of the Earth is the largest?

a)

crust

b)

outer core

c)

inner core

d)

mantle

4.

Scientists have classified Earth's interior into zones shown based primarily on evidence gained by studying...

a)

deep drill cores

b)

volcanic eruptions

c)

gravity measurements

d)

earthquake seismic waves

5.

The three plate boundaries are called...

a)

divergent, transform, convergent

b)

divergent, sliding, sheering

c)

divergent, transform, colliding

d)

convergent, sliding, divergent

6.

Divergent boundaries move...

a)

apart from each other

b)

toward each other

c)

North

d)

South

7.

How are mountains formed?

a)

continental-continental collision

b)

oceanic-oceanic collision

c)

oceanic-continental collision

d)

volcanic-earthquake collision

8.

As depth within the Earth's interior increases, the...

a)

density, temperature and pressure decrease

b)

density, temperature and pressure increase

c)

density and temperature decrease, but pressure increases

d)

density increases, but temperature and pressure increase

9.

What is the theory that says uneven heating, different densities, and cycling of materials cause plate movement?

a)

conduction

b)

mantle cycle

c)

sliding plates

d)

convection

10.

This type of plate collision involves subduction, deep ocean trenches and volcanic mountains:

a)

continental-continental collisions

b)

divergent boundary

c)

oceanic-oceanic collisions

d)

ridge-push

11.
The oceanic crust is pushed aside on both sides of the 
a)
Continent's edge
b)
Deep-ocean trench
c)
Mid-ocean ridge
12.
The oceanic crust _________ when it reaches the continental crust.
a)
sinks
b)
rises
c)
expands
13.
The process that happens at the deep-ocean trench is called...
a)
sea-floor spreading
b)
adding material to the ocean floor
c)
subduction
14.
New crust is always formed at the...
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
deep-ocean trench
c)
asthenosphere
15.

What words describe M? choose all

a)

deep ocean trench

b)

mid ocean ridge

c)

sea floor spreading

d)

subduction

16.

What feature is at C?

a)

Deep ocean trench

b)

Mid ocean ridge

c)

sea floor spreading

d)

subduction

17.
Which type of wave arrives first during an earthquake?
a)
Primary (p-wave) waves
b)
Secondary (s-wave) waves
c)
Rayleigh Waves
d)
Love Waves
18.
Which type of wave is the most destructive wave?
a)
Primary Wave
b)
Secondary Wave
19.

The point where the earthquake begins.

a)

epicenter

b)

fault

c)

focus

d)

seismic waves

20.

Which of the following seismic waves can travel through gases, liquids, and solids?

a)

P-wave

b)

S-wave

c)

both

d)

none

21.

The lithosphere is ______ and the asthenosphere is _______.

a)

both brittle

b)

brittle, plastic/flexible

c)

plastic/flexible, brittle

d)

both plastic/flexible

22.

Which layer exists as a collection of tectonic plates?

a)

asthenosphere

b)

mantle

c)

lithosphere

d)

outer core

23.

Which two layers have convection currents?

a)

asthenosphere & outer core

b)

asthenosphere & inner core

c)

lithosphere & outer core

d)

lithosphere & inner core

24.

How does fossil evidence support Wegener's hypothesis of Pangaea and today's theory of Plate Tectonics?

a)

Similar fossils are found along continental margins that appear to join together.

b)

Fossils are found in areas where the present-day climate could not have supported the organisms that made the fossils.

c)

Similar fossils of giant, land-dwelling dinosaurs are found on continents separated by oceans.

d)

All of the above

25.

Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?

a)

Energy from the Sun

b)

Magnetic Pole Reversal

c)

Convection currents in the mantle

d)

Faults in Mountain Ranges

26.

Which piece of evidence was use to prove continental drift?

a)
The shape of the continents
b)
Similar fossils found on separate continents
c)
Tree fossils found in odd places
d)
All of the above
27.

This piece of evidence that Alfred Wegener used to prove the continents were once connected involved finding remains of once-living organisms on different continents.

a)

jigsaw evidence

b)

fossil evidence

c)

rock evidence

28.

Which diagram best represents the magnetic polarity on either side of a ridge?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

29.

Which correctly shows the convection currents under the Peru-Chile Trench

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

30.

Which crust is thicker?

a)

Oceanic crust

b)

Continental crust

31.

Plates that move away from eachother. <------ ------->

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Transform

32.

What type of boundary is C?

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Transform

d)

Complex

33.

Oceanic crust is composed of

a)

Granite

b)

Basalt

34.

Why is oceanic crust subducted under continental crust?

a)

Oceanic crust has a higher density

b)

Ocean crust has lower density

35.

Where is the youngest bedrock?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

36.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
submergent
37.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
strike slip
38.
What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of oceanic crust?
a)
Rift Valley
b)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
c)
Island Arc
d)
Flat land
39.
What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?
a)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
b)
Mountain
c)
Rift Valley
d)
Island Arc
40.
What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a convergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?
a)
Volcano
b)
Mountain
c)
Rift
d)
Island Arc
41.
Oceanic crust is
a)
Younger and less dense than continental crust
b)
Thinner, younger and more dense than continental crust
c)
Older, thicker and less dense that continental crust
d)
Bigger and younger than continental crust
42.

      5. What does the Mercalli scale measure? 

a)

Rates the types of damage.

b)

Rates the types of effects after its occurrence.

c)

Rates the types of damage and other effects during and after its occurrence.

43.

The point on earth's surface, directly above the focus (or hypocenter) is called the __________________.

a)

epicenter

b)

fault

c)

seismic wave

d)

earthquake place

44.

A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.

a)

stress

b)

seismic waves

c)

tsunami

45.
The surface along which rock break and slide past each other is called a:
a)
fracture
b)
fault
c)
joint
46.
A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface of the earth
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
d)
chemical Rock
47.
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
a)
Organic Rock
b)
Intrusive Rock
c)
Clastic Rock
d)
Extrusive Rock
48.
Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earths surface have
a)
small crystals
b)
large crystals
c)
small and large crystals
d)
no crystals
49.
Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface
a)
intrusive Rock
b)
compaction
c)
Chemical Rock
d)
Clastic Rock
50.
If an Igneous rock is dark-colored, what is the amount of silica?
a)
high
b)
low
c)
doesn't matter
51.
What type of rock is this?
a)
Intrusive
b)
Extrusive
52.
Which rock is underneath our oceans?
a)
Slate
b)
Granite
c)
Sandstone
d)
Basalt
53.
If an igneous rock forms with lots of space and over a long period of time, what will the rock have?
a)
no mineral crystals
b)
smaller crystals
c)
both small and large crystals
d)
larger crystals
54.
Igneous Rocks form by what process?
a)
Weathering 
b)
Metamorphism
c)
Crystallization
d)
Evaporation
55.
How are igneous rocks classified
a)
by color alone
b)
by mineral composition and texture
c)
by the type of cement between crystals
d)
by the size of the rock itself
56.
Feldspar and quartz are examples of this type of rock. (very high in Si and O--also called silicate)
a)
extrusive rock
b)
instrusive rock
c)
felsic rock
d)
mafic rock
57.

Igneous Rock - lithification Processes

a)

melting and solidification

b)

heat and pressure

c)

deposition, burial, compaction and cementation

58.

Mafic igneous rocks are rich in...

a)

Silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al)

b)

Iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg)

59.

Felsic igneous rocks are rich in

a)

Silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al)

b)

Iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg)

60.

What is the first mineral to crystallize in a magma chamber as it cools?

a)

quartz

b)

olivine

c)

mica

61.

Granitic (felsic) rocks are generally

a)

light colored

b)

dark colored

c)

rainbow glitter colored

62.
Metamorphic rocks form from ___.
a)
igneous rocks
b)
other metamorphic rocks
c)
sedimentary rocks
d)
all types of rocks
63.
What are the two main types of metamorphic rocks and how are they different?
a)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed inside the earth and extrusive rocks are formed on the surface
b)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do have visible bands/layers
c)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed on the earth's surface and extrusive rocks are formed in the Earth
d)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers
64.
How do metamorphic rocks form? 
a)
Heat and Pressure
b)
Compaction & Cementation
c)
Cooling of Magma
d)
Sediments & Glue
65.

What does heat do when convection currents are moving?

a)

Sinks

b)

Rises

c)

Stays in place

66.

What causes convection current in the Earth?

a)

The uneven heating on each layer inside the Earth.

b)

The crusts outer layer.

c)

The temperatures we feel outside.

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