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Final Part 1

Total questions: 51

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which organ of the urinary system stores urine before elimination?

a)

Kidney

b)

Ureter

c)

Urinary bladder

d)

Urethra

2.

Which hormone released by the kidneys increases red blood cell production?

a)

Renin

b)

Aldosterone

c)

ADH

d)

Erythropoietin

3.

The kidneys are located in which anatomical position?

a)

Intraperitoneal

b)

Retroperitoneal

c)

Pelvic

d)

Thoracic

4.

Which layer directly surrounds the kidney?

a)

Renal fascia

b)

Adipose capsule

c)

Renal capsule

d)

Peritoneum

5.

The renal pyramids are found in the:

a)

Renal cortex

b)

Renal sinus

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal pelvis

6.

The functional unit of the kidney is the:

a)

Nephron

b)

Calyx

c)

Pyramid

d)

Collecting duct

7.

Blood enters the glomerulus through the:

a)

Efferent arteriole

b)

Peritubular capillary

c)

Afferent arteriole

d)

Renal vein

8.

Which vessel carries blood away from the glomerulus?

a)

Afferent arteriole

b)

Efferent arteriole

c)

Arcuate artery

d)

Cortical radiate vein

9.

The portion of the nephron where most reabsorption occurs is the:

a)

Distal tubule

b)

Nephron loop

c)

Collecting duct

d)

Proximal tubule

10.

Juxtamedullary nephrons are important because they:

a)

Filter proteins

b)

Produce hormones

c)

Concentrate urine

d)

Drain urine

11.

The macula densa monitors:

a)

Blood pressure

b)

Blood glucose

c)

NaCl concentration

d)

Blood pH

12.

Which process moves substances from blood into the nephron tubule?

a)

Filtration

b)

Reabsorption

c)

Secretion

d)

Excretion

13.

The average glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is approximately:

a)

50 mL/min

b)

75 mL/min

c)

100 mL/min

d)

125 mL/min

14.

Which hormone increases sodium and water excretion?

a)

ADH

b)

Aldosterone

c)

ANP

d)

Renin

15.

Which substance is normally found in urine?

a)

Plasma proteins

b)

Glucose

c)

Urea

d)

Red blood cells

16.

The minimum urine output required to maintain health is approximately:

a)

10 mL/hr

b)

25 mL/hr

c)

50–60 mL/hr

d)

100 mL/hr

17.

Peristaltic waves move urine through the:

a)

Urethra

b)

Bladder

c)

Kidneys

d)

Ureters

18.

The muscle layer of the urinary bladder is called the:

a)

Trigone

b)

Detrusor

c)

Sphincter

d)

Serosa

19.

Voluntary control of urination involves relaxation of the:

a)

Internal urethral sphincter

b)

Detrusor muscle

c)

External urethral sphincter

d)

Trigone

20.

Bedwetting is medically termed:

a)

Incontinence

b)

Polyuria

c)

Dysuria

d)

Nocturnal enuresis

21.

The fluid inside cells is called:

a)

ECF

b)

Plasma

c)

Interstitial fluid

d)

ICF

22.

Which ion is most abundant in extracellular fluid?

a)

K+

b)

Mg2+

c)

Na+

d)

Phosphate

23.

Movement of water between compartments is primarily controlled by:

a)

Hydrostatic pressure

b)

Osmotic pressure

c)

Active transport

d)

Filtration

24.

The thirst center is located in the:

a)

Medulla oblongata

b)

Pituitary gland

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Pons

25.

Which hormone directly increases water reabsorption in the kidneys?

a)

Aldosterone

b)

ADH

c)

ANP

d)

PTH

26.

Hyponatremia refers to:

a)

High potassium

b)

Low potassium

c)

High sodium

d)

Low sodium

27.

Edema is caused by:

a)

Fluid loss in urine

b)

Fluid accumulation in tissues

c)

Dehydration

d)

Electrolyte loss

28.

Which electrolyte is critical for maintaining resting membrane potential?

a)

Sodium

b)

Calcium

c)

Potassium

d)

Chloride

29.

Which buffer system is most important in blood plasma?

a)

Protein buffer

b)

Phosphate buffer

c)

Carbonic acid–bicarbonate buffer

d)

Hemoglobin buffer

30.

A blood pH of 7.30 indicates:

a)

Alkalosis

b)

Acidosis

c)

Normal pH

d)

Compensation

31.

Respiratory acidosis results from:

a)

Hyperventilation

b)

Vomiting

c)

CO2 retention

d)

Diuretics

32.

The kidneys compensate for acidosis by:

a)

Retaining CO2

b)

Excreting bicarbonate

c)

Secreting hydrogen ions

d)

Decreasing respiration

33.

Humans have how many chromosomes in somatic cells?

a)

23

b)

44

c)

46

d)

92

34.

Meiosis results in cells that are:

a)

Diploid

b)

Triploid

c)

Haploid

d)

Polyploid

35.

The male primary reproductive organs are the:

a)

Epididymides

b)

Prostate

c)

Testes

d)

Seminal vesicles

36.

Testosterone is produced by which cells?

a)

Sustentacular cells

b)

Spermatogonia

c)

Interstitial (Leydig) cells

d)

Epididymal cells

37.

Where does sperm mature?

a)

Seminiferous tubules

b)

Epididymis

c)

Prostate

d)

Urethra

38.

The majority of semen volume comes from the:

a)

Prostate gland

b)

Bulbourethral glands

c)

Epididymis

d)

Seminal vesicles

39.

Chose Option A

a)

Option A

b)

Option B

c)

Option C

d)

Option D

40.

Parasympathetic stimulation is responsible for:

a)

Ejaculation

b)

Sperm production

c)

Erection

d)

Testosterone release

41.

Spermatogenesis produces how many sperm from one primary spermatocyte?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

42.

The acrosome of sperm contains:

a)

DNA

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Enzymes

d)

Flagella

43.

The female primary reproductive organs are the:

a)

Uterus

b)

Ovaries

c)

Uterine tubes

d)

Mammary glands

44.

Ovulation is triggered by a surge in:

a)

FSH

b)

Estrogen

c)

Progesterone

d)

LH

45.

The corpus luteum secretes primarily:

a)

Estrogen

b)

Inhibin

c)

Progesterone

d)

FSH

46.

Which hormone thickens the uterine lining?

a)

Testosterone

b)

Progesterone

c)

ADH

d)

Oxytocin

47.

The site of fertilization is typically the:

a)

Uterus

b)

Ovary

c)

Cervix

d)

Uterine tube

48.

Milk is produced in the:

a)

Lactiferous ducts

b)

Mammary sinuses

c)

Alveolar glands

d)

Areola

49.

Combined hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy by:

a)

Increasing sperm motility

b)

Thickening endometrium

c)

Preventing ovulation

d)

Stimulating FSH

50.

An IUD primarily prevents pregnancy by:

a)

Blocking ovulation

b)

Killing sperm via inflammation

c)

Thickening cervical mucus

d)

Preventing implantation only

51.

Untreated STIs can lead to:

a)

Increased fertility

b)

Kidney stones

c)

Uterine tube scarring and infertility

d)

Improved immune function

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