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Urinary System

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What structure connects the kidney to the urinary bladder?

a)

Urethra

b)

Ureter

c)

Renal Pelvis

d)

Collecting Duct

2.

In what location is the ureter located?

a)

Intraperitoneal

b)

Retroperitoneal

c)

Subperitoneal

d)

Transperitoneal

3.

Through what structure does urine exit the body?

a)

Urethra

b)

Ureter

c)

Renal Pelvis

d)

Bladder

4.

What is the function of the ureter?

a)

Store urine

b)

Filter blood

c)

Transport urine from the kidney to the bladder

d)

Regulate electrolytes

5.

The urinary bladder is located in what general anatomical region?

a)

Thoracic cavity

b)

Pelvic cavity

c)

Abdominal cavity

d)

Retroperitoneal space

6.

In what space is the urinary bladder located?

a)

Intraperitoneal

b)

Infraperitoneal

c)

Retroperitoneal

d)

Subperitoneal

7.

What structure carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body?

a)

Ureter

b)

Renal pelvis

c)

Collecting Duct

d)

Urethra

8.

What system is the urethra part of?

a)

Digestive system

b)

Reproductive system

c)

Urinary system

d)

Endocrine system

9.

Which pathway does urine flow through the urinary system?

a)

Bladder, Ureter, Kidney, Urethra

b)

Kidney, Bladder, Ureter, Urethra

c)

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra

d)

Urethra, Bladder, Ureter, Kidney

10.

What is the primary functional tissue of the kidney?

a)

Renal capsule

b)

Adipose tissue

c)

Renal parenchyma

d)

Fibrous fascia

11.

What is the structural and functional unit if the kidney?

a)

Renal pelvis

b)

Glomerulus

c)

Nephron

d)

Calyx

12.

Which structure filters blood in the nephron?

a)

Loop of henle

b)

Collecting duct

c)

Glomerulus

d)

Renal capsule

13.

Which part of the kidney is responsible for collecting urine from the calyces?

a)

Cortex

b)

Medulla

c)

Renal pelvis

d)

Hilum

14.

Which structures pass through the renal hilum?

a)

Nephrons only

b)

Renal artery, vein, nerves, and ureter

c)

Collecting ducts only

d)

Calyces only

15.

Where do the ureters enter the bladder?

a)

Anterosuperior wall

b)

Inferior wall

c)

Posterosuperior wall

d)

Lateral wall

16.

What surrounds the kidneys that make them visible on radiographs?

a)

Dense connective tissue

b)

Fibrous capsule

c)

Adipose tissue

d)

Cartilage

17.

What does KUB stand for?

a)

Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder

b)

Kidneys, Urethra, Bladder

c)

Kidney, Ureter, Bowels

d)

Kidneys, Urinary Bladder

18.

Which imaging exam uses intravenous contrast to visualize the kidneys, ureters, and bladder?

a)

IVU / IVP

b)

Retrograde cystography

c)

Ultrasound

d)

KUB

19.

What is the purpose of the IVU

a)

Diagnose bladder infections only

b)

Visualize the urinary tract structures and function

c)

Examine only the kidneys

d)

Measure urine output

20.

What exam visualizes primarily the bladder only?

a)

IVU

b)

Retrograde urethrogram

c)

Cystogram

d)

Nephrogram

21.

What exam visualized the bladder and urethra?

a)

IVU

b)

Cystourethrogram

c)

Retrograde pyelogram

d)

KUB

22.

Which exam introduces contrast directly into the ureters?

a)

IVU

b)

Cystography

c)

Retrograde urography

d)

Ultrasound

23.

Which position demonstrates the right kidney parallel to the IR?

a)

LPO

b)

RPO

c)

Supine

d)

Prone

24.

When would ureteric compression be contraindicated?

a)

Normal anatomy

b)

Abdominal mass or recent surgery

c)

Mild dehydration

d)

Ureteral stent in place

25.

What is an ectopic kidney?

a)

A kidney that fails to ascend to its normal position

b)

A fused kidney at the lower poles

c)

A kidney with multiple calyces

d)

A kidney with staghorn calculi

26.

What is hydronephrosis?

a)

Dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces due to obstruction

b)

Inflammation of the kidney tissue

c)

Infection of the urinary bladder

d)

Malrotation of the kidney

27.

What is a horseshoe kidney?

a)

Two kidneys fused at the lower poles

b)

Kidneys with multiple cysts

c)

Kidney located in the pelvis

d)

Kidney with staghorn calculus

28.

What is a staghorn calculus?

a)

A large stone filling the renal pelvis and calyces

b)

Small ureteral stone

c)

Stone in the bladder only

d)

Calcification of the renal artery

29.

What is a vesicorectal fistula?

a)

An abnormal connection between the bladder and the colon / rectum

b)

Connection between ureter and bladder

c)

Connection between urethra and bladder

d)

Connection between kidney and ureter

30.

For a male retrograde urethrogram, which position is recommended?

a)

Supine

b)

Prone

c)

30 degrees RPO

d)

Erect

31.

What is the purpose of ureteric compression?

a)

Reduce kidney size

b)

Enhance filling of the pelvicalceal system for better visualization

c)

Decrease contrast dose

d)

Reduce motion artifacts

32.

Which patients are contraindicated for ureteric compression?

a)

Healthy adult

b)

Child under 5

c)

Patient with abdominal mass or recent surgery

d)

Male with normal prostate

33.

If ureteric compression is contraindicated, what alternative positioning is recommended?

a)

Supine

b)

Erect

c)

Trendelenburg

34.

What is the first imaging step after contrast injection in an IVU?

a)

KUB

b)

Nephrotomogram to visualize renal parenchyma

c)

Delayed bladder imaging

d)

Retrograde cystogram

35.

What is the purpose of the nephrogram phase?

a)

Visualize ureters only

b)

Show bladder function

c)

Demonstrate renal parenchymal function

d)

Evaluate urethra

36.

Which exam visualizes the bladder only?

a)

IVU

b)

Retrograde pyelogram

c)

Cystography

d)

KUB

37.

Which exam visualizes both the bladder and urethra?

a)

IVU

b)

Retrograde pyelogram

c)

Cystourethrography

d)

Ultrasound

38.

How is contrast introduced for a retrograde cystogram?

a)

Intravenous injection

b)

Oral ingestion

c)

Catheter directly into the bladder

d)

Inhalation

39.

For a male cystourethrogram exam, which position is recommended?

a)

Prone

b)

Erect

c)

30 degree RPO

d)

60 degree RPO

40.

Which of the following are best demonstrated on an AP postvoid bladder projection?

a)

Normal renal perfusion

b)

Residual urine and enlarged prostate

c)

Ureteral obstruction

d)

Kidney stones

41.

Which pathology is described as a kidney failing to ascend to its normal position?

a)

Ectopic kidney

b)

Horseshoe kidney

c)

Staghorn calculus

d)

Vesicorectal fistula

42.

Which pathology involves dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces due to obstruction?

a)

Hydronephrosis

b)

Ureterocele

c)

Renal cyst

d)

Polycystic kidney

43.

Which pathology is described as two kidney's fused at the lower poles?

a)

Horseshoe kidney

b)

Ectopic kidney

c)

Staghorn calculus

d)

Vesicorectal fistula

44.

What pathology is a large stone filling the renal pelvis and calyces?

a)

Staghorn calculus

b)

Small ureteral stone

c)

Kidney cyst

d)

Ureterocele

45.

What is a vesicorectal fistula?

a)

Abnormal connection between the bladder and colon / rectum

b)

Connection between ureter and bladder

c)

Connection between kidney and ureter

d)

Connection between urethra and bladder

46.

For an AP oblique kidney projection, what is the recommended degree of patient rotation?

a)

15 degrees

b)

30 degrees

c)

45 degrees

d)

60 degrees

47.

Which patients are contrainidicated for ureteric compression?

a)

Healthy adults

b)

Children under 5

c)

Patients with abdominal masses or recent surgeries

d)

Males with normal prostates

48.

Which of the following options is the outermost layer?

a)

Cortex

b)

Medulla

c)

Renal pelvis

d)

Hilum

49.

What structure connects the kidney to the bladder?

a)

Urethra

b)

Ureter

c)

Collecting duct

d)

Renal capsule

50.

What is the triangular area in the posterior portion of the bladder called?

a)

Apex

b)

Trigone

c)

Neck

d)

Dome

51.

Which vessel is shown entering the kidney at the hilum to supply fresh blood to the kidney?

a)

Renal vein

b)

Renal artery

c)

Aorta

d)

IVC

52.

During a cystogram, contrast enters _____ via _____

a)

Bladder, Catheter

b)

Bladder, Ureter

c)

Kidney, Ureter

d)

Kidney, Renal artery

53.

Which part of the kidney contains the renal pyramids?

a)

Medulla

b)

Cortex

c)

Pelvis

d)

Hilum

54.

Which structure at the medial border of the kidney allows entry and exit of vessels?

a)

Cortex

b)

Medulla

c)

Hilum

d)

Capsule

55.

What is the average length of an adult kidney?

a)

10-12 inches

b)

4-5 inches

c)

8-10 inches

d)

4-5 cm

56.

Which of the following are not infraperitoneal structures?

a)

Distal ureters

b)

Urinary bladder

c)

Urethra

d)

Kidneys

57.

Which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting renal calculi?

a)

MRI

b)

Ultrasound

c)

CT scan

d)

IVU

58.

What is the main function of the glomerulus in the nephron?

a)

Store urine

b)

Secrete hormones

c)

Filter blood plasma

d)

Reabsorb water

59.

Which structure carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body?

a)

Collecting duct

b)

Ureter

c)

Renal pelvis

d)

Urethra

60.
What body system removes the waste from your body? 
a)
Circulatory
b)
Excretory
c)
Digestive
d)
Respiratory
61.
What is #4?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureter
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
62.
What is #2?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureters
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
63.

part G is the

a)

ureter

b)

urethra

c)

renal artery

d)

renal vein

64.

What is the name of D?

a)

Renal Artery

b)

Ureter

c)

Bladder

d)

Kidney

65.

Identify the structure labelled "C" in the diagram.

a)

Kidney

b)

Ureter

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

66.

Identify the structure labelled "A" in the diagram.

a)

Kidney

b)

Ureter

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

67.

Based on the nephron diagram provided, identify the anatomical structure designated by the red arrow.

a)

descending loop of henle

b)

ascending loop of henle

c)

proximal convoluted tubule

d)

distal convoluted tubule

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