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Troy Biology Regents Midterm Review

Total questions: 86

Worksheet time: 4hrs 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

basic unit of structure and function in an organism

a)

bacterial cell

b)

eukaryote

c)

prokaryote

d)

cell wall

e)

cell

2.

only found in plant cells

a)

bacterial cell

b)

eukaryote

c)

prokaryote

d)

cell wall

e)

cell

3.

captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

ribosome

c)

golgi body

d)

chloroplast

e)

vacuole

4.

rod-shaped cell structure that produce most of the energy needed to carry out the cell's function

a)

nucleolus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

lysosome

d)

mitochondria

5.

the control center of a cell that directs the cell's activities

a)

organelle

b)

cell wall

c)

cell membrane

d)

nucleus

e)

chromatin

6.

the outside boundary of a cell, controls what substances come into and out of a cell

a)

organelle

b)

cell wall

c)

cell membrane

d)

nucleus

e)

chromatin

7.

a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

a)

organelle

b)

cell wall

c)

cell membrane

d)

nucleus

e)

chromatin

8.

What is a group of cells that are alike and work together?

a)

a cell team

b)

a tissue

c)

a cell family

9.

A group of tissues that work together is a(n) ______________________.

a)

cell

b)

organ

c)

organ system

10.

Organs that work together are part of a(n) ________________________.

a)

cells

b)

tissue

c)

organ system

11.

Organic molecules are those that contain

a)

oxygen and carbon

b)

hydrogen and oxygen

c)

carbon and hydrogen

d)

carbon and nitrogen

12.

Which list contains only organic molecules

a)

enzyme, starch, DNA and lipid

b)

proteins, lipids, starch and water

c)

simple sugars, proteins, oxygen and lipids

d)

carbohydrates, carbon dioxide, Nucleic acids and proteins

13.

Amino acids are the building blocks of

a)

proteins

b)

starch

c)

DNA and RNA

d)

lipids

14.

Which of the following are inorganic molecules?

a)

water

b)

glucose

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

15.

What terms can be used to describe a biological catalyst?

a)

enzyme

b)

protein

c)

glucose

d)

DNA

16.

Homeostasis is

a)
The process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
b)
The process by which organisms change their internal environment
c)
The process by which organisms adapt to their external environment
d)
The process by which organisms evolve over time
17.

the body's use of molecules for energy and growth

a)

glucose

b)

metabolism

c)

energy

d)

microbiome

18.

a molecule that organisms can use to release energy, and that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (comes from starch)

a)

amino acids

b)

oxygen

c)

protein

d)

glucose

19.

the chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells

a)

metabolism

b)

diabetes

c)

cellular respiration

d)

anemia

20.

Plants do not usually need to eat other organisms because plants ___________________.

a)

A. do not need food energy to live.

b)

B. turn sunlight into food energy.

c)

C. get all their food energy from soil.

d)

D. keep food energy stored in their roots.

21.

Carbon dioxide is removed from Earth's atmosphere by _____________________.

a)

A. animal respiration

b)

B. decaying organisms

c)

C. plant photosynthesis

d)

D. burning fossil fuels

22.

Andre learned that plants survive through a process called photosynthesis. Which substance do plants produce during photosynthesis?

a)

A. minerals

b)

B. nitrogen

c)

C. soil

d)

D. sugar

23.

Which molecule in plant cells first captures the radiant energy from sunlight?

a)

A. glucose

b)

B. carbon dioxide

c)

C. chlorophyll

d)

D. adenosine triphosphate

24.

Which of the following gases do plants use in photosynthesis?

a)

A. hydrogen

b)

B. oxygen

c)

C. carbon dioxide

d)

D. carbon monoxide

25.

In which part of a plant does photosynthesis take place?

a)

A. bark

b)

B. flowers

c)

C. leaves

d)

D. roots

26.

From Earth's atmosphere, carbon dioxide is used by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria during the process of _____________.

a)

A. photosynthesis

b)

B. respiration

c)

C. decomposition

d)

D. nitrogen fixation

27.

Which of the following materials are direct products of photosynthesis?

a)

A. fats and starches

b)

B. oxygen and sugar

c)

C. proteins and amino acids

d)

D. carbon dioxide and water

28.
The__________ sharpens the image under high magnification.
a)
the diaphragm
b)
fine adjustment knob
c)
coarse adjustment knob
d)
the ocular
29.
The ________ of the microscope would show you the MOST zoomed in image, or the SMALLEST field of view.
a)
low power objective
b)
medium power objective
c)
high power objective
d)
stage
30.

This macromolecule breaks down into sugars such as glucose.

a)

Lipids/Fats

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Protein

d)

Carbohydrates

31.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
32.
What is the primary role of enzymes inside of living cells? 
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy
c)
they help fight infections
d)
speed up chemical reactions 
33.

Label Number 2

a)

Substrate

b)

Enzyme

c)

Active Site

34.

A caterpillar makes a chrysalis and becomes a butterfly. Which life function is this an example of?

a)

reproduce

b)

get and use energy

c)

grow and develop

35.

If organisms need to get and use energy as a life function, which cell organelle would be most involved with this process?

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

cytoplasm

d)

ribosomes

36.

A heterotroph is an organism that

a)

gets nutrients from other organisms

b)

gets nutrients from the sun

c)

gets nutrients from chemicals

37.

An autotroph is an organism that

a)

gets nutrients from other organisms

b)

gets nutrients from the sun

c)

gets nutrients from chemicals

38.
What are plants called in a food chain?
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Scavengers
39.
Where does the energy start in this food chain?
a)
Plant
b)
Sun
c)
Deer
d)
Wolf
40.
What is the role of a producer?
a)
Use sunlight to make food
b)
Gain energy from eating other organisms
c)
Keep other species from overpopulating
d)
Breaking down dead stuff 
41.
What's the role of consumers in a food chain?
a)
Use sunlight to make food 
b)
Eat other species and keep them from overpopulating
c)
Break down dead stuff
d)
Add nutrients to the soil
42.
What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?
a)
Use sunlight to make food
b)
Eat other organisms to gain energy
c)
Make the food for the whole food chain
d)
Break down dead organisms and add nutrients to the soil
43.
Which of these organisms would receive energy from the snake?
a)
Plant
b)
Rabbit
c)
Mouse
d)
Hawk
44.

Plants convert __________ into chemical energy during photosynthesis.

a)

Glucose

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sunlight

45.

Animals use energy from the sun indirectly when they eat a plant or another animal.

a)

True

b)

False

46.

Which is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

a)

CO2 + H2O +Sunlight -> O2 + Glucose

b)

CO2 + H2O -> O2 + Glucose

c)

CO2 + O2 +Sunlight -> H2O + Glucose

d)

Glucose + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP

47.

The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Both plant and animal cells perform cellular respiration.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

Which is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

a)

CO2 + H2O +Sunlight -> O2 + Glucose

b)

CO2 + H2O -> O2 + Glucose

c)

CO2 + O2 +Sunlight -> H2O + Glucose

d)

Glucose + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP

50.

The products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

Chemical energy for the cell:

a)

ATP

b)

O2

c)

CO2

d)

Glucose

52.

Food for the cell:

a)

ATP

b)

O2

c)

CO2

d)

Glucose

53.

Which shows more biodiversity?

a)

food chain

b)

food web

54.

In a food chain, 100% of energy is passed from one link to the next.

a)

True

b)

False

55.

A photograph or picture of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs is called a.....

a)

Pedigree

b)

Chromosome chart

c)

Mitotic index

d)

Karyotype

56.

XX

a)

Female

b)

Male

57.

XY

a)

Female

b)

Male

58.
Which best describes what a food chain shows you?
a)
Energy flow through an ecosystem
b)
Food flowing through an ecosystem
c)
Consumers going into other consumers
d)
Who eats who
59.

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the parrot?

a)

Frog

b)

Hare

c)

Caiman

d)

Parrot

60.

What is the common ancestor of Letters C and E?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

61.

Which group of animals on this tree are most closely related to birds?

a)

Saurischian dinosaurs

b)

Ornithischian dinosaurs

c)

Crocodiles

d)

None of these are related to birds

62.

Stomata are made of specialized cells called ______ which surround a tiny pore/opening

a)

stoma

b)

guard cells

c)

dermal cells

d)

diffusion channels

63.

The main function of stomata is to

a)

capture sunlight

b)

protect leaves from insects

c)

allow gases to move rapidly in/out of leaves

d)

release sugars into the atmosphere

64.

A stoma is

a)

an opening

b)

a clot

c)

a cell that captures light energy

d)

a water tube

65.

What is the function of the STOMATA in plants?

a)

Allows water to enter the plant

b)

Provides food to enter the plant

c)

Allows for gas exchange

d)

Site of photosynthesis

66.

What is the function of GUARD cells in plants?

a)

Allow gas exchange

b)

Control the opening & closing of the stomata

c)

Contain DNA

d)

Nucleus

67.
True or False. In this energy pyramid, the consumers on each level only get about 10 percent of energy that the trophic level before it has stored.
a)
True
b)
False
68.
A pyramid shape is used to show the amount of available energy at each trophic level because... 
a)
energy decreases as you go up the food chain, just like the pyramid shape gets smaller as you go up. 
b)
energy increases up the food chain just like the pyramid shape gets smaller as you go up. 
c)
energy amounts are the same at each trophic level
69.
Overlapping food chains in an ecosystem make up....
a)
food web
b)
food chain
c)
niche
d)
symbiosis
70.
In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
71.

What is a short segment of a DNA strand that codes for our characteristics?

a)

chromosome

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

d)

gene

72.
a)

chromosome

b)

DNA

c)

genes

d)

heredity

73.

The number of human chromosomes is

a)

23

b)

46

c)

92

d)

64

74.

In what organelle of plant cells does photosynthesis occur?

a)

mitochondria

b)

centrioles

c)

chloroplast

d)

ribosomes

75.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


UCG-GAA-CAC-AAU

(a)  

76.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AGG-UUC-CUG-GCC

(a)  

77.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


UGU-UGG-AUA-CCC

(a)  

78.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AAU-UCG-CAA-GGG

(a)  

79.

This organelle is found in both plant and animal cells. It controls all of the cell's activity. Known as "The Boss" of the cell.

a)

Vacuole

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Nucleus

d)

Cell Membrane

80.

A gel like material that keeps all of the organelles in their place inside the cell.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Mitochondria

81.

This organelle releases energy (food) to the cell. It's nickname is "The Powerhouse."

a)

Vacuole

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Mitochondria

82.

This organelle is only found in PLANT cells and they are responsible for making food.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Nucleus

83.

This organelle stores food, water and waste.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Vacuole

d)

Mitochondria

84.

Reactants (ingredients) needed by the plant to do photosynthesis include sunlight and

a)

Sugar and oxygen

b)

oxygen and water

c)

Autotrophs

d)

Carbon Dioxide and water

85.

Carbon Dioxide enters the plant through openings on the underside of their leaves called

a)

Stomata

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Autotrophs

d)

Chlorophyl

86.
A plant is releasing a gas. What is the gas?
a)
CO2
b)
methane
c)
water vapor
d)
oxygen

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