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WorksheetsPRACTICE VOCAB for Semester 23025-2026 FINAL
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 40mins
Which term describes the 19th-century belief that Americans were destined to expand across the continent?
Monroe Doctrine limit European intervention
Manifest Destiny belief of continental expansion
Americanization adoption of forced U.S. culture
Assimilation absorption into dominant population
What was the primary goal of the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
End conflict at Wounded Knee
Force Native relocation through land trades
Grant 160 acres to homesteaders
Create public lands called reservations
Which law offered 160 acres to citizens who cultivated land for five years?
Homestead Act land grant to settlers
Land Grant federal payment system
Dawes Act reservation divisions
Protective Tariff imported goods tax
Match each figure to their associated industry or role.
John D. Rockefeller
Standard Oil pioneer
Andrew Carnegie
Steel magnate and mills
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Railroad and shipping titan
Henry Dawes
Assimilation law supporter
Which policy discouraged European intervention in the Western Hemisphere in 1823?
Capitalism private ownership system
Treaty formal legal agreement
Populism defense of ordinary people
Monroe Doctrine foreign policy limit
Which statement best defines Americanization during the 19th century?
Process forcing adoption of U.S. culture
Belief in continental expansion rights
Political defense of common people
Absorbing groups into dominant culture
What was the purpose of reservations as described in the period?
Public lands where Natives were confined
Private family plots on former reservations
Federal payment for roads and colleges
Railroad linking East and West coasts
Which transportation project connected the East and West coasts of the United States?
Vertical integration consolidated firms
Trail of Tears forced relocation
Bessemer Process steel purification
Transcontinental Railroad national link
Which concept aligns with minimal government interference in business?
Protective Tariff tax on imports
Populism support for ordinary citizens
Vertical integration control of processes
Laissez-faire capitalism minimal regulation
Which business strategy consolidates all steps of production under one company?
Patronizing superior attitude toward others
Vertical integration control manufacturing steps
Land Grant federal infrastructure payment
Entrepreneur risk-taking for profit
Which process enabled faster, cheaper steel production by blasting hot air through molten iron?
Treaty formal agreement between nations
Bessemer Process rapid steel manufacturing
Transcontinental Railroad coast connection
Protective Tariff shield domestic producers
Which movement or philosophy defends ordinary people against powerful elites?
Populism political defense of commoners
Americanization forced cultural adoption
Monroe Doctrine limit foreign intervention
Capitalism private control for profit
Identify the figure associated with leading the Lakota and present during the Custer fight.
Henry Dawes assimilation law politician
Andrew Jackson pro–Indian removal president
William Jennings Bryan Populist candidate
Sitting Bull Lakota leader and medicine man
Which statement about the Trail of Tears is accurate?
Forced Cherokee march westward in 1830s
Battle ending Native resistance in 1890
Policy discouraging European intervention
Coast-to-coast railroad completion
Select all items that directly promoted westward settlement.
Monroe Doctrine hemispheric policy
Protective Tariff raising import prices
Transcontinental Railroad national linkage
Homestead Act land allotments to settlers
Which combination best explains the aim of the Dawes Act?
Prevent European interference in Americas
Move settlers onto 160-acre homesteads
Assimilate Natives through private allotments
Connect East and West by railroads
Which term describes a person who invests money and takes risks to build a business?
Entrepreneur risk-taking profit seeker
Populist politician defending farmers
Treaty formal agreement between nations
Patronizing superior attitude toward others
Match each term to its best definition.
Protective Tariff
Tax on imports to shield domestic goods
Treaty
Formal agreement between nations
Assimilation
Absorbing a group into dominant culture
Americanization
Forcing adoption of U.S. culture
Which candidate ran for president supporting many Populist ideas?
John D. Rockefeller Standard Oil tycoon
Cornelius Vanderbilt railroad and shipping magnate
Andrew Jackson Indian Removal proponent
William Jennings Bryan Populist-aligned candidate
Select the terms most associated with limiting foreign influence or involvement.
Americanization cultural assimilation
Protective Tariff import tax barrier
Homestead Act land for cultivation
Monroe Doctrine hemispheric nonintervention
Which items are directly tied to industrial growth in the late 19th century?
Bessemer Process steel production method
Vertical integration control of production
Grange postwar farmers’ organization
Transcontinental Railroad coast connection
Which term describes a strategy where one large firm consolidates many smaller firms in the same industry to reduce competition?
Conglomeration of mixed businesses
Horizontal integration to consolidate rivals
Vertical integration across supply stages
Diversification into unrelated markets
Which statement best defines a labor union?
An organization of workers seeking better conditions
A board managing multiple companies
A group funding political candidates
A charity promoting social welfare
Match each strike with its brief description.
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
First national strike; federal troops sent
Homestead Strike of 1892
Strike at Carnegie steelworks in Pennsylvania
Pullman Strike of 1894
Railway strike starting near Chicago, spreading
Scab
Worker who continues during a strike
Which law aimed to curb monopolies formed through trusts by restricting trade restraints?
Monroe Doctrine of 1823
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
Homestead Act of 1862
What practice involves using political authority for personal gain through bribery or kickbacks?
Patronage in party hiring
Americanization programs
Graft in public office
Philanthropy through donations
Which term describes hostility toward immigrants?
Nativism among citizens
Progressivism in reform
Urbanization of regions
Americanization efforts
Which immigration station primarily processed European immigrants on the East Coast?
Galveston Island processing center
Ellis Island in New York Harbor
Angel Island near San Francisco
Key West federal station
Which West Coast facility enforced immigration laws and held many Chinese immigrants?
Ellis Island processing center
Angel Island immigration station
San Pedro customs house
Puget Sound inspection site
Which policy barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States?
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Dawes Act allotment law
Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
Monroe Doctrine statement
Urbanization is best described as
Adoption of American customs
Migration across national borders
Rural areas becoming more urban
Movement from cities to rural farms
Which term refers to political organizations that use patronage and bribery to maintain control?
Settlement houses for services
Ethnic enclaves in neighborhoods
Trade unions in factories
Political machines in cities
Which concept claimed some races and nations were superior and destined to rule over others?
Social Darwinism ideology
Progressive reform agenda
Americanization program
Nativist neighborhood policy
Which description best fits an ethnic enclave?
A facility processing immigrants
A city ruled by political machines
A neighborhood sharing common nationality
A nation’s rural farming region
Which choice pairs each immigration-related term with its meaning?
Immigrant
Person moving to live permanently in a new country
Americanization
Process of acquiring American traits and customs
Push and Pull Factors
Reasons motivating departure and destination choice
Settlement houses
Institutions offering services in poor neighborhoods
Which reformers sought to address crime, child labor, corruption, and illiteracy through political changes?
Progressives in cities
Robber barons
Nativists groups
Machine bosses
Which term defines a group of separate companies controlled by a single managing board to form a monopoly?
Trust organization
Merger corporation
Holding union
Cartel alliance
Which foreign policy statement declared Europe should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere?
Monroe Doctrine proclamation
Open Door Notes plan
Neutrality Acts program
Roosevelt Corollary policy
Which option identifies a person who continues working during a strike?
Picketer on line
Mediator or arbitrator
Organizer union chief
Strikebreaker or scab
Which term best describes domination of a region’s political, economic, or cultural life by another power?
Protectorate under outside control
Imperialism dominating another region
Nationalism devotion to one’s nation
Sphere of influence without authority
A country with its own government but controlled by an outside power is called what?
Mandate overseen by the League
Colony owned by another state
Autonomy independent self-rule
Protectorate under outside control
Which policy asserted the U.S. right to intervene in Latin American affairs?
Open Door equal trade in China
Isolationism avoiding foreign entanglements
Roosevelt Corollary intervention right
Dollar Diplomacy money for influence
Yellow Journalism is best defined as what?
Objective reporting without bias
Sensational biased often false news
Government-approved wartime propaganda
Scholarly analysis of policy debates
The Open Door Policy of 1899 aimed to ensure what in China?
Protection for missionaries only
Exclusive U.S. trading rights
Equal opportunity for all nations
Military occupation of key ports
Match each term with its description.
Sphere of Influence
Area affected without formal authority
Protectorate
Own government under outside control
Imperialism
Domination by a stronger country
Yellow Journalism
Sensational biased often false reporting
Which statement about the Spanish-American War is accurate?
Conflict in 1898 between U.S. and Spain
War to defend U.S. colonies in Europe
Civil war within the Cuban population
Naval battle solely in the Pacific
Which project built by the United States from 1904 to 1914 connected Atlantic and Pacific shipping?
Suez Canal across Egyptian desert
Transcontinental Railroad in America
Panama Canal across the Isthmus
Erie Canal linking Great Lakes
Which president is linked with trust busting, conservation, and strong foreign policy?
William McKinley expansion and war
Theodore Roosevelt progressive leader
Woodrow Wilson peace conference work
Taft architect of Dollar Diplomacy
Woodrow Wilson’s major international effort after World War I was what?
Rally for League of Nations entry
Expansion of protective tariffs
Annexation of Caribbean territories
Launch of unrestricted submarine war
Social Darwinism promoted which idea?
Religious duty to aid the weak
Cooperation beats competition
Only the fittest survive competition
Equality among all societies
Militarism is best described as what?
Glorifying military and keeping armies ready
Relying on volunteers for defense
Disbanding armies after every conflict
Using diplomacy instead of armed force
Alliances in pre–World War I Europe primarily served what purpose?
Create neutral zones in contested areas
Enable colonies to gain independence
Limit trade between rival empires
Agree to aid and protect one another
Which factors linked imperialism to the outbreak of World War I?
Industrialization eliminated resource needs
Desire for colonies expanded rivalries
Competition for colonies raised tensions
Military leaders refused to negotiate
Nationalism in this period meant what?
Strong pride and devotion to country
Global citizenship without borders
Religious identity shaping politics
Exclusive support for colonial rule
In 1917, Germany’s message urging Mexico to fight the United States is known as what?
Open Door communication
Selective Service notice
Zimmerman Note telegram
Sedition Act proclamation
Which actions were authorized by the Selective Service Act of 1917?
Conscripting only naval officers
Voluntary enlistment incentives only
Drafting men for military service
Establishing a national draft system
The Committee on Public Information primarily aimed to do what during World War I?
Train journalists for frontline reporting
Censor foreign diplomats’ messages
Produce propaganda to build support
Negotiate peace with Germany
Who are conscientious objectors?
People refusing military service on moral or religious grounds
Soldiers declining combat roles for pay
Citizens exempt for physical injury
Officials overseeing draft registrations
Which law made it a crime to write or publish criticism of the government during World War I?
Neutrality Act banning trade
Sedition Act restricting speech
Tariff Act raising import duties
Espionage Act punishing spies
Which term describes the movement of African Americans from the South to the North for jobs during and after World War I?
Red Scare
Palmer Raids
Harlem Renaissance
Great Migration
What was President Woodrow Wilson’s plan for organizing post–World War I Europe and preventing future wars called?
Treaty of Versailles
Fourteen Points
League of Nations
Reparations
Which concept is the right of people to choose their own form of government?
Modernism
Isolationism
Fundamentalism
Self-determination
Which conservative senator opposed U.S. entry into the League of Nations?
Warren G. Harding
Henry Cabot Lodge
Robert La Follette
William Jennings Bryan
Which treaty ended World War I and placed blame and harsh penalties on Germany?
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Ghent
Treaty of Paris
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Under the post–World War I settlement, what were payments Germany had to make to the Allies called?
Reparations
Tariffs
Subsidies
Installments
Which international organization, proposed by Wilson, aimed to promote cooperation and peace but was never joined by the United States?
League of Nations
United Nations
Warsaw Pact
NATO
Which term refers to a country owed more money by other countries than it owes them?
Mandate
Creditor nation
Debtor nation
Protectorate
What consumer practice involves buying products by promising to pay small, regular amounts over time?
Barter trade
Installment buying
Speculative buying
Price fixing
Which term describes transactions involving buying and selling shares issued by companies?
Stock market
Commodity floor
Bond exchange
Currency desk
Which movement embraced human empowerment, rationality, industry, and technology while rejecting traditionalism as outdated?
Nativism
Fundamentalism
Populism
Modernism
Which belief system emphasized literal interpretation of the Bible and conservative application of its teachings?
Fundamentalism
Modernism
Humanism
Deism
Which 1925 Tennessee court case focused on whether evolution could be taught in public schools?
Brown v. Board
Plessy v. Ferguson
Scopes Monkey Trial
Schenck v. United States
Which term describes the widespread fear that communists sought to undermine American institutions after World War I?
Red Scare
Great Migration
Harlem Revival
Blue Law
What were government-supported raids targeting radicals suspected of communist ties in the postwar period called?
Teapot Raids
Fugitive Raids
Whiskey Raids
Palmer Raids
Which controversial case involved Italian immigrants convicted on circumstantial evidence for a robbery and murder amid fears of anarchism?
Muller v. Oregon
Korematsu Case
Scopes Monkey Trial
Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
What period from 1920 to 1933 banned the sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States by constitutional amendment?
Nullification
Temperance
Prohibition
Reconstruction
Which term refers to a fashionable young woman of the 1920s who flouted conventional behavior standards?
Gibson Girl
Debutante
Flapper
Suffragette
Which Black literary and artistic movement centered in Harlem celebrated and lamented Black life in America during the 1920s and early 1930s?
Harlem Renaissance
Great Migration
Chicago School
Black Power
Match each term to its description.
League of Nations
Postwar peace organization never joined by the U.S.
Reparations
Payments imposed on Germany after WWI
Scopes Monkey Trial
Court case over teaching evolution in schools
Harlem Renaissance
Black artistic movement in 1920s Harlem
Palmer Raids
Government raids targeting suspected radicals
Which items are most directly associated with cultural conflict between Modernism and Fundamentalism in the 1920s? Select all that apply.
Prohibition’s moral regulation of alcohol
Harlem Renaissance artistic experimentation
Palmer Raids against suspected radicals
Scopes Monkey Trial debates over evolution
