WorksheetsEPIDEMIOLOGY
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 30mins
The gold standard study design for evaluating effectiveness of an intervention is
Case–control study
Cohort study
Randomized controlled trial
Cross‑sectional study
Attack rate is a type of
Prevalence rate
Incidence rate
Mortality rate
Case fatality rate
Natural history of disease includes
Pre‑pathogenesis and pathogenesis
Diagnosis and treatment only
Prevention and cure
Disability limitation only
The “Iceberg phenomenon” indicates
Only visible cases exist
Hidden burden of disease
No subclinical cases
Rapid transmission
Which committee recommended integration of preventive and curative services in India?
Bhore Committee
Mudaliar Committee
Chadha Committee
Kartar Singh Committee
Environmental air pollution has been strongly associated with all of the following adverse effects, EXCEPT:
Skin cancer
Myocardial infarction
Mucosal irritation
Chronic bronchitis
Match List‑I (Disease) with List‑II (Reservoir): Brucellosis — choose the correct reservoir from i) Dogs, ii) Pigs, iii) Cattle, iv) Squirrel
Dogs
Pigs
Cattle
Squirrel
Match List‑I (Disease) with List‑II (Reservoir): K.F.D. — choose the correct reservoir from i) Dogs, ii) Pigs, iii) Cattle, iv) Squirrel
Dogs
Pigs
Cattle
Squirrel
Match List‑I (Disease) with List‑II (Reservoir): Japanese Encephalitis — choose the correct reservoir from i) Dogs, ii) Pigs, iii) Cattle, iv) Squirrel
Dogs
Pigs
Cattle
Squirrel
Match List‑I (Disease) with List‑II (Reservoir): Rabies — choose the correct reservoir from i) Dogs, ii) Pigs, iii) Cattle, iv) Squirrel
Dogs
Pigs
Cattle
Squirrel
Read the passage describing the global response to the H1N1 (swine flu) outbreak in 2009. Based on the passage: The first case of swine flu (H1N1) influenza was reported in which country?
USA
England
Mexico
Japan
China
Read the passage describing the global response to the H1N1 (swine flu) outbreak in 2009. Based on the passage: By the time of the outbreak, the number of countries affected by H1N1 influenza in terms of morbidity and mortality was
More than 60
Between 41–60
Between 21–40
Between 10–20
Less than 10
Read the passage describing the global response to the H1N1 (swine flu) outbreak in 2009. Based on the passage: At Hyderabad International Airport, which preventive measure was implemented by health authorities to stop the spread of H1N1 infection?
Voluntary testing
Compulsory testing
Ban on international travel
Compulsory vaccination
Quarantine of all travelers
Read the passage describing the global response to the H1N1 (swine flu) outbreak in 2009. Based on the passage: The following factors helped in controlling H1N1 infection within a short period, except:
Disease was not highly lethal
Effective action taken at international level
Most cases responded to drugs
House‑to‑house survey for early detection
Awareness campaigns about hygiene
Read the passage describing the global response to the H1N1 (swine flu) outbreak in 2009. Based on the passage: The following problems were anticipated regarding the H1N1 pandemic, except:
Mutation of the virus
Drug resistance
Non‑availability of an effective vaccine
Non‑availability of confirmatory test
Potential co‑infection with seasonal flu
The occurrence of a group of illnesses of similar nature at a rate above the expected number is called
Epidemic
Endemic
Pandemic
Enzootic
Sporadic
Registration of pregnancy within 12 weeks is the primary responsibility of
ASHA worker — Accredited Social Health Activist
Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM)
Medical Officer at the Primary Health Centre
Anganwadi Worker
Staff Nurse
Under the National Programme, the NCD (Non-Communicable Disease) clinic is established at: A. Health and Wellness Centre B. Community Health Centre C. Regional Hospital D. Urban Primary Care Unit E. NCD Mobile Health Unit
Health and Wellness Centre
Community Health Centre
Regional Hospital
Urban Primary Care Unit
NCD Mobile Health Unit
Which of the following epidemiological features are true about AIDS? (a) HIV can be transmitted by mosquito bites. (b) Maternofetal transmission is the most common mode of transmission. (c) I.V. drug users are at increased risk. (d) Health-care workers are at higher risk of getting infection. Code: 1. (a), (b) and (d) are correct 2. (a), (b) and (c) are correct 3. (c) and (d) are correct 4. (b) and (c) are correct 5. All of the above
(a), (b) and (d) are correct
(a), (b) and (c) are correct
(c) and (d) are correct
(b) and (c) are correct
All of the above
Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index combining the following indicators: (a) Life expectancy at birth (b) Infant mortality rate (c) GNI per capita in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in US dollars (d) Mean years of schooling (e) Expected years of schooling Code: A. (a), (b) and (c) are correct B. (b), (c) and (d) are correct C. (a), (b) and (d) are correct D. (a), (c) and (d) are correct
(a), (b) and (c) are correct
(b), (c) and (d) are correct
(a), (b) and (d) are correct
(a), (c) and (d) are correct
Primordial prevention is/includes: (a) Primary prevention in purest sense (b) Prevention after risk factors have developed in population (c) Efforts directed towards encouraging children from adopting harmful lifestyles (d) Main intervention through individual and mass education (e) Policies and community measures to reduce emergence of risk factors Code: 1. (a), (b) and (c) are correct 2. (a), (b) and (d) are correct 3. (a), (c) and (d) are correct 4. (b), (c) and (d) are correct
(a), (b) and (c) are correct
(a), (b) and (d) are correct
(a), (c) and (d) are correct
(b), (c) and (d) are correct
Pick the correct chronological order for the following Health Committees: (a) Mudaliar Committee (b) Bhore Committee (c) Mukerji Committee (d) Kartar Singh Committee Code: A. (a), (b), (c), (d) are correct B. (b), (a), (c), (d) are correct C. (a), (b), (d), (c) are correct D. (a), (c), (b), (d) are correct
(a), (b), (c), (d) are correct
(b), (a), (c), (d) are correct
(a), (b), (d), (c) are correct
(a), (c), (b), (d) are correct
Arrange the interventions focused on newborns under the National Health Mission in chronological order: (a) Facility Based Newborn Care (FBNC) (b) Navjat Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (NSSK) (c) Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) (d) Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) Code: A. (d), (a), (b), (c) are correct B. (a), (c), (b), (d) are correct C. (d), (b), (a), (c) are correct D. (a), (d), (b), (c) are correct
(d), (a), (b), (c) are correct
(a), (c), (b), (d) are correct
(d), (b), (a), (c) are correct
(a), (d), (b), (c) are correct
Match List I (Types of RCT) with List II (Factors for study of association) — item (a): List I: (a) Clinical trial. List II: (i) Cigarette smoking and lung cancer (ii) Physical activity and coronary heart disease (iii) Iodised salt and cretinism (iv) Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality. Which factor best matches the type of RCT for item (a)?
Cigarette smoking and lung cancer
Physical activity and coronary heart disease
Iodised salt and cretinism
Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality
Match List I (Types of RCT) with List II (Factors for study of association) — item (b): List I: (b) Preventive trial. List II: (i) Cigarette smoking and lung cancer (ii) Physical activity and coronary heart disease (iii) Iodised salt and cretinism (iv) Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality. Which factor best matches the type of RCT for item (b)?
Cigarette smoking and lung cancer
Physical activity and coronary heart disease
Iodised salt and cretinism
Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality
Match List I (Types of RCT) with List II (Factors for study of association) — item (c): List I: (c) Risk factor trial. List II: (i) Cigarette smoking and lung cancer (ii) Physical activity and coronary heart disease (iii) Iodised salt and cretinism (iv) Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality. Which factor best matches the type of RCT for item (c)?
Cigarette smoking and lung cancer
Physical activity and coronary heart disease
Iodised salt and cretinism
Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality
Match List I (Types of RCT) with List II (Factors for study of association) — item (d): List I: (d) Cessation experiment. List II: (i) Cigarette smoking and lung cancer (ii) Physical activity and coronary heart disease (iii) Iodised salt and cretinism (iv) Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality. Which factor best matches the type of RCT for item (d)?
Cigarette smoking and lung cancer
Physical activity and coronary heart disease
Iodised salt and cretinism
Aspirin and cardiovascular mortality
Suggested norms for health personnel — item (a): List I (Health Personnel): (a) Nurses. List II (Suggested Norms): (i) 1 per 10,000 population (ii) 1 per 5,000 population (iii) 1 per 30,000 population (iv) 1 per 1,000 population. Which norm best matches item (a)?
1 per 10,000 population
1 per 5,000 population
1 per 30,000 population
1 per 1,000 population
Suggested norms for health personnel — item (b): List I (Health Personnel): (b) Health Assistant. List II (Suggested Norms): (i) 1 per 10,000 population (ii) 1 per 5,000 population (iii) 1 per 30,000 population (iv) 1 per 1,000 population. Which norm best matches item (b)?
1 per 10,000 population
1 per 5,000 population
1 per 30,000 population
1 per 1,000 population
Suggested norms for health personnel — item (c): List I (Health Personnel): (c) Lab Technician. List II (Suggested Norms): (i) 1 per 10,000 population (ii) 1 per 5,000 population (iii) 1 per 30,000 population (iv) 1 per 1,000 population. Which norm best matches item (c)?
1 per 10,000 population
1 per 5,000 population
1 per 30,000 population
1 per 1,000 population
Suggested norms for health personnel — item (d): List I (Health Personnel): (d) ASHA. List II (Suggested Norms): (i) 1 per 10,000 population (ii) 1 per 5,000 population (iii) 1 per 30,000 population (iv) 1 per 1,000 population. Which norm best matches item (d)?
1 per 10,000 population
1 per 5,000 population
1 per 30,000 population
1 per 1,000 population
The most appropriate initial study design for finding the strength of association in the above-mentioned scenario is: A. Cross-sectional study B. Case–control study C. Cohort study D. Interventional study E. Ecological study
Cross-sectional study
Case–control study
Cohort study
Interventional study
Ecological study
What measure will be calculated to assess the strength of association in the above-mentioned scenario using the selected study design? A. Relative risk B. Attributable risk C. Population attributable risk D. Odds ratio E. Risk ratio
Relative risk
Attributable risk
Population attributable risk
Odds ratio
Risk ratio
While constructing the Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI), which among the following indicators is NOT used? 1. Per Capita Income 2. Infant Mortality Rate 3. Life expectancy (at age one) 4. Basic literacy 5. None of the above
Per Capita Income
Infant Mortality Rate
Life expectancy (at age one)
Basic literacy
None of the above
In an outbreak setting, which of the following is used as the numerator to calculate the overall attack rate in a population? A. Number of new cases B. Number of new cases plus old cases C. Number of old cases D. Number of primary cases E. Total population at risk
Number of new cases
Number of new cases plus old cases
Number of old cases
Number of primary cases
Total population at risk
Which one of the following is NOT a measure of association for cohort studies? A. Rate Ratio (RR) B. Odds Ratio (OR) C. Attributable Risk (AR) D. Population Attributable Risk (PAR) E. Risk Ratio
Rate Ratio (RR)
Odds Ratio (OR)
Attributable Risk (AR)
Population Attributable Risk (PAR)
Risk Ratio
Match the ‘Five Year Plans’ (List I) with initiatives taken (List II) — item (a): List I: (a) The First Five Year Plan. List II: (i) Extension Education Approach (ii) Family Planning Clinics were opened (iii) The mass camp approach (iv) Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme. Which initiative best matches item (a)?
Extension Education Approach
Family Planning Clinics were opened
The mass camp approach
Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme
Match the ‘Five Year Plans’ (List I) with initiatives taken (List II) — item (b): List I: (b) The Second Five Year Plan. List II: (i) Extension Education Approach (ii) Family Planning Clinics were opened (iii) The mass camp approach (iv) Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme. Which initiative best matches item (b)?
Extension Education Approach
Family Planning Clinics were opened
The mass camp approach
Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme
Match the ‘Five Year Plans’ (List I) with initiatives taken (List II) — item (c): List I: (c) The Third Five Year Plan. List II: (i) Extension Education Approach (ii) Family Planning Clinics were opened (iii) The mass camp approach (iv) Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme. Which initiative best matches item (c)?
Extension Education Approach
Family Planning Clinics were opened
The mass camp approach
Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme
Match the ‘Five Year Plans’ (List I) with initiatives taken (List II) — item (d): List I: (d) The Fourth Five Year Plan. List II: (i) Extension Education Approach (ii) Family Planning Clinics were opened (iii) The mass camp approach (iv) Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme. Which initiative best matches item (d)?
Extension Education Approach
Family Planning Clinics were opened
The mass camp approach
Inclusion of sterilization in F.P. Programme
Which among the following is/are NOT the salient features of the current Indian population? (a) Large size and fast growth (b) Second stage of demographic transition (c) Rapidly rising density (d) Sex ratio composition favourable to female (e) Bottom-weak age structure Code Options: A. (a), (b) and (d) only B. (a) and (b) only C. (b) and (c) only D. (d) and (e) only
(a), (b) and (d) only
(a) and (b) only
(b) and (c) only
(d) and (e) only
The strongest evidence for causality comes from ________ research method. A. Experimental B. Causal-comparative C. Correlation D. Ethnography E. Empirical
Experimental
Causal-comparative
Correlation
Ethnography
Empirical
Sequence the following steps of the community organisation process: (a) Identifying needs (b) Exploring the resources (c) Prioritising the needs (d) Developing programmes Code Options: A. (a), (b), (c), (d) B. (a), (c), (b), (d) C. (b), (a), (c), (d) D. (c), (b), (a), (d) E. (b), (c), (a), (d)
(a), (b), (c), (d)
(a), (c), (b), (d)
(b), (a), (c), (d)
(c), (b), (a), (d)
(b), (c), (a), (d)
Identify the correct sequence in the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH) framework: A. Impairment → Disease → Disability → Handicap B. Handicap → Disease → Impairment → Disability C. Disease → Disability → Impairment → Handicap D. Disease → Impairment → Disability → Handicap E. Disability → Impairment → Disease → Handicap
Impairment → Disease → Disability → Handicap
Handicap → Disease → Impairment → Disability
Disease → Disability → Impairment → Handicap
Disease → Impairment → Disability → Handicap
Disability → Impairment → Disease → Handicap
Identify the correct sequence regarding the stages of an outbreak investigation.
Establish the existence of an outbreak → Verify the diagnosis → Define and identify cases → Describe and orient data in terms of time, place, and person → Develop hypotheses → Evaluate hypotheses → Implement control and prevention measures → Communicate findings
Verify the diagnosis → Establish the existence of an outbreak → Define and identify cases → Describe and orient data → Develop hypotheses → Evaluate hypotheses → Implement control measures → Communicate findings
Establish the existence of an outbreak → Define and identify cases → Verify the diagnosis → Describe and orient data → Develop hypotheses → Evaluate hypotheses → Implement control measures → Communicate findings
Define and identify cases → Establish the existence of an outbreak → Verify the diagnosis → Describe data → Develop hypotheses → Evaluate hypotheses → Implement control measures → Communicate findings
Establish the existence of an outbreak → Verify the diagnosis → Define and identify cases → Describe and orient data → Implement control measures → Develop hypotheses → Evaluate hypotheses → Communicate findings
Select the main conceptual focus for Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY).
Strengthening maternal and newborn nutrition and care
Reducing the burden of mental health disorders in the community
Reducing long-term non-communicable disease burden
Community-level outreach integrating women’s and family health
Select the main conceptual focus for National Mental Health Programme (NMHP).
Strengthening maternal and newborn nutrition and care
Reducing the burden of mental health disorders in the community
Reducing long-term non-communicable disease burden
Community-level outreach integrating women’s and family health
Select the main conceptual focus for National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS).
Strengthening maternal and newborn nutrition and care
Reducing the burden of mental health disorders in the community
Reducing long-term non-communicable disease burden
Community-level outreach integrating women’s and family health
Select the main conceptual focus for Swasth Nari, Sashakt Parivar Abhiyaan.
Strengthening maternal and newborn nutrition and care
Reducing the burden of mental health disorders in the community
Reducing long-term non-communicable disease burden
Community-level outreach integrating women’s and family health
To benefit most from globalization, what is primarily needed by developing countries?
External development programs
Strategies and change processes from international agencies
Social, political, and military support
Collaborative effort transcending national boundaries
The numerator is NOT a part of the denominator in:
Rate
Ratio
Proportion
Percentage
The ‘Age Pyramid’ of developing countries is characterized by which of the following?
Narrow base and bulge in middle
Narrow base and broad at top
Broad base and broad at top
Broad base and tapering top
The suitable reasons for developing the National Health Policy, 2017 includes all, except:
Growing burden of NCDs
Emergence of a robust healthcare industry
Implementing Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations
High catastrophic health expenditure
The Planning Commission was replaced by the NITI Aayog mainly for:
Fostering cooperative federalism
Making better five-year plans
Convergence of various sectors
Prioritising problems through district bodies
The National Institute of Health and Family Welfare (NIHFW) under the MOHFW serves as an apex training institute for in-service candidates. The similar structure at the state level is:
State Institute of Health and Family Welfare
State Health System Resource Centre
State Program Management Unit
State Health Society
ICD codes are used in epidemiology and research primarily for:
Predicting hereditary and polygenic disorders at the population level, independent of environmental exposures
Standardizing morbidity and mortality data, facilitating international comparisons, trend analysis, and burden of disease estimation
Guiding individual-level therapeutic interventions and prescribing evidence-based treatment protocols
Monitoring healthcare infrastructure performance, resource allocation, and hospital administrative efficiency
Sensitivity of a diagnostic test refers to:
The ability of the test to identify true negatives
The ability of the test to identify true positives
The proportion of all positive results that are correct
The proportion of all negative results that are correct
Which of the following is considered a structural social determinant of health?
Personal health behaviors
Access to healthcare services
Income inequality and social class
Individual exercise habits
Which of the following innovations is part of strengthening health information systems in India?
Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP)
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
eSanjeevani Telemedicine Initiative
National Health Policy, 2017
