WorksheetsClinical Chemistry Exam 1 — Extracted Questions
Total questions: 62
Worksheet time: 31mins
Which test may be performed to assess the average blood glucose level that an individual maintained during the previous 2–3-month period?
Fasting glucose
Oral glucose tolerance
Hemoglobin A1c
3-month glucose tolerance
In what form is glucose stored in muscle and liver?
Maltose
Lactose
Starch
Glycogen
What effect if any would be expected when the secretion of epinephrine is stimulated by physical or emotional stress?
Decrease blood glucose level
Increased blood glucose level
Increased storage
No effect on blood glucose or glycogen levels
Ultimately, carbohydrate deprivation leading to fatty acid metabolism yields:
Glucose
Ketones/acetones
Lipids
Fatty acids
Normal range of fasting glucose is
(a)
What range of Hgb A1c is considered diabetic?
(a)
Any glucose level of mg/dL at any time (non fasting) indicates diabetes.
>200
>120
>101
>150
Which of the following are symptoms of Type I diabetes? Select all that apply.
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Weight gain
All are differences between type 1 and 2 diabetes except?
Type 1 is usually found in younger age group
Type 1 usually occurs after a viral infection
Type 1 and 2 both happen because your body no longer produces insulin
Type 1 is caused by immune mediated destruction of beta cells in the pancreas
Which of the following defines the term "glycolysis"?
Conversion of glucose into pyruvate or lactate + ATP
Conversion of glucose to glycogen
Conversion of glycogen to glucose
Break down of carbohydrates into glucose
Which of the following decrease blood glucose levels?
T3
Insulin
Epinephrine
Glucagon
The main treatment for Type II diabetes is
(a)
Using 50 μL increments, select the correct volumes of sample and diluent to prepare a 1:2 dilution.
50 μL sample + 50 μL diluent
100 μL sample + 100 μL diluent
50 μL sample + 100 μL diluent
25 μL sample + 25 μL diluent
Using 50 μL increments, select the correct volumes of sample and diluent to prepare a 1:5 dilution.
50 μL sample + 200 μL diluent
100 μL sample + 400 μL diluent
50 μL sample + 150 μL diluent
25 μL sample + 125 μL diluent
Using 50 μL increments, select the correct volumes of sample and diluent to prepare a 1:10 dilution.
50 μL sample + 250 μL diluent
100 μL sample + 900 μL diluent
50 μL sample + 450 μL diluent
25 μL sample + 250 μL diluent
Convert 200 mg/dL to g/L.
0.2 g/L
2 g/L
20 g/L
0.02 g/L
Convert 50 mL to L.
0.5 L
0.05 L
0.005 L
5 L
Convert 100 mL to μL.
1,000 μL
10,000 μL
100,000 μL
1,000,000 μL
Convert 100 dL to L.
1 L
10 L
100 L
0.1 L
It is ok to use tap water for most chemistry analyzers.
True
False
According to Westgard rules, if you have a 1(2s) QC error then you must rerun the QC sample; if that does not work then you must recalibrate.
True
False
If you are making a dilution that requires 900 μL of diluent, it is better to use a 1000 μL pipet and then remove 100 μL than to use the 100 μL pipette 9 times.
True
False
If QC fails you can not report out any results for that analyte until the QC issue is resolved.
True
False
If you are throwing darts at a dart board and you hit the bullseye with all of your darts, you would be considered:
Accurate
Precise
Both
Neither
If you are throwing darts at a dart board and you hit the triple 20 with all of your darts, you would be considered:
Accurate
Precise
Both
Neither
In a normal bell curve, what percent of data points should fit within our 2 SD range?
(a)
Which of the following are forms of electromagnetic energy? Select all that apply.
Visible light
Ultraviolet
Infrared
Microwaves
Particles of light are called?
Photons
Electrons
Electromagnetic energy
Protons
Which lamp choice is used for testing in the electromagnetic energy range of visible light?
Deuterium
Copper
Zinc
Tungsten
What is the desirable range of LDL?
(a)
If you make a 1/3 dilution, run it on the analyzer, and receive a result of 85 mg/dL, what would be the result you report out?
(a)
If you make a 1:8 dilution, run it on the analyzer, and receive a result of 100 mg/dL, what would be the result you report out?
(a)
Electrophoresis is the movement of particles with a zero charge (no charge) under the influence of light.
True
False
What antibiotic is used in potassium ion selection method?
Vancomycin
Gentamycin
Digoxin
Valinomycin
What is the desirable range of cholesterol?
>200 mg/dL
<250 mg/dL
<150 mg/dL
<200 mg/dL
What is the desirable range of HDL?
(a)
LDL is usually calculated using the Friedewald formula, but if triglycerides are greater than ______ you cannot use this formula.
300 mg/dL
200 mg/dL
400 mg/dL
1000 mg/dL
Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol to cells and is easily taken up by cells, causing atherosclerosis?
HDL
LDL
VLDL
Chylomicrons
Which lipoprotein picks up cholesterol and takes it away from cells?
HDL
LDL
VLDL
Chylomicrons
Select the risk factors that promote (or can lead to) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Cigarette smoking
Hypertension
Diabetes mellitus
High physical activity
Low dietary fiber
An M spike in protein electrophoresis would indicate?
Nephrotic syndrome
Inflammation
Infection
Multiple Myeloma
All are functions of lipids except?
Main source of energy and energy storage in the human body
Are converted to hormones
Structural and functional components of cell membranes
Soluble in water
Which of the following is true for bile acids?
Is cholesterol that is metabolized in the liver
Helps with cholesterol absorption in small intestine
Helps with fat absorption in small intestine
All of the above
Linolenic and linoleic acids are essential fatty acids.
True
False
Triglycerides only amount to about 5% of the stored fats.
True
False
Increased trigs along with the lipoproteins (hyperlipidemia) results in coronary artery disease.
True
False
You do not need to worry about if the patient is fasting when you are collecting a lipid panel.
True
False
Which of the following is the largest lipoprotein, that has the lowest density? They can float to the top and form a creamy layer when plasma is stored overnight.
VLDL
Chylomicrons
LDL
HDL
Use the Friedewald formula to calculate the LDL. Trigs – 100 mg/dL Total cholesterol (TC) – 150 mg/dL HDL – 80 mg/dL
(a)
Select the things proteins are involved in.
Enzymatic catalysis
Transport in blood (e.g., hemoglobin, albumin)
Immune defense (antibodies)
DNA replication as nucleic acids
Long-term energy storage
Most proteins are made in the liver.
True
False
Albumin is the least abundant protein found in plasma.
True
False
Phenylketonuria or PKU is an error where you are unable to metabolize phenylalanine, which can be toxic to the developing brain.
True
False
Which of the following are true for Alpha-fetoprotein?
Used to screen for down syndrome
Tumor marker for ovarian cancer
Used to screen for spinal bifida
All are true
The methodology used for Total protein is?
Biuret reaction – based on the presence of peptide bonds
Enzymatic reaction
Immunoassay
Elisa
The normal range of Total Protein is?
0.8–2.2
6.4–8.3
1.5–5.5
7.5–10.5
Albumin normal range is?
3.5–5
0.2–8.8
2.5–3.5
6.0–7.5
An aqueous 5.00 M KOH solution is prepared with a total volume of 0.500 L. The molecular weight of KOH is 56.1056 g/mol. What mass of KOH (in grams) is needed for the solution?
(a)
Cholesterol desirable range is?
(a)
How many milliliters of a 10 M solution would be needed to make 800 ml of a 5 M solution?
(a)
What Westgard rule is just a warning and does not require a rerun?
(a)
In a normal protein electrophoresis, which spike will come first (closest to the positive) and is the highest spike?
(a)
