Biomolecules Flashcards

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carbohydrates

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碳水化合物: substances that include sugars, starch and cellulose; they contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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sugars

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糖类: carbohydrates that have relatively small molecules; they are soluble in water and they taste sweet

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glucose

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葡萄糖: a sugar that is used in respiration to release energy

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glycogen

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糖原: a carbohydrate that is used as an energy store in animal cells

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starch

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淀粉: a carbohydrate that is used as an energy store in plant cells

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iodine solution

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碘溶液: a solution of iodine in potassium iodide; it is orange-brown, and turns blue-black when mixed with starch

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benedict's solution

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本尼迪克试剂: a blue liquid that turns orange-red when heated with reducing sugar

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reducing sugars

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还原糖: sugars such as glucose, which turn Benedict's solution orange-red when heated together

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fats

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脂肪: lipids that are solid at room temperature

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oils

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油类: lipids that are liquid at room temperature