Neurons and Neuroglia

Front

What are the two types of neuroglial cells that form the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and PNS?

Back

Oligodendroglia in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS.

Front

What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes?

Back

Production of insulation and protection for neurons.

Front

What is the role of ependymal cells in the central nervous system?

Back

They circulate cerebrospinal fluid.

Front

Which type of neuroglial cell is responsible for attaching neurons to capillaries?

Back

Astrocyte.

Front

What is the function of microglia in the CNS?

Back

They engulf and destroy microbes and cellular debris.

Front

What is the main difference between oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?

Back

Oligodendrocytes myelinate multiple axons in the CNS, while Schwann cells myelinate a single axon in the PNS.

Front

What is the significance of the myelin sheath?

Back

It insulates axons and increases the speed of electrical impulses.

Front

What are astrocytes and what role do they play in the nervous system?

Back

Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells that support neurons, maintain the blood-brain barrier, and regulate blood flow.

Front

How do microglia respond to injury in the CNS?

Back

They become activated and migrate to the site of injury to clear debris and protect against infection.

Front

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier, and which neuroglial cells are involved in its formation?

Back

The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from harmful substances and is formed by astrocytes.