AP Unit 3 Review (Energy & Enzymes)

A chemical reaction in which the products have less chemical potential energy than the reactants, resulting in the release of energy.

A chemical reaction in which the products have more chemical potential energy than the reactants, requiring an input of energy.

The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Enzymes act as molecular catalysts that lower the activation energy needed for reactions to occur.

A substance that competes with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme, potentially slowing down the reaction.

By increasing the concentration of the substrate, which can outcompete the inhibitor for the active site.

The specific temperature and pH range at which an enzyme functions most effectively.

Anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones (require energy), while catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones (release energy).

The energy in a system that can be used to do work; it is a measure of a system's potential to perform useful work.

It is the intermediate formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate, facilitating the conversion of substrate to product.