Transcription and Translation of DNA

Front

What does tRNA stand for?

Back

Transfer RNA, which is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

True or False: UGA is a codon that codes for STOP.

Back

True, UGA is one of the three stop codons that signal the end of protein synthesis.

Front

Which macromolecule is made up of amino acids?

Back

Protein, which is formed by long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Front

RNA contains a nitrogenous base that is different from DNA. What is the name of the nitrogenous base?

Back

Uracil, which replaces thymine found in DNA.

Front

How many amino acids are coded for by the sequence of nucleotides: ATG GGA ACT CCA?

Back

4 amino acids, as each codon (3 nucleotides) codes for one amino acid.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.