NY regents Discovery of DNA

Front

What is a vaccine?

Back

A vaccine is a substance that stimulates the body's immune response to recognize and fight future infections from viruses and bacteria.

Front

What is the role of DNA in viruses?

Back

DNA in viruses carries the genetic information necessary for the virus to replicate and infect host cells.

Front

What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase demonstrate in their experiments?

Back

They demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material by using radioactive isotopes to trace DNA injection into bacteria.

Front

What is transformation in bacteria?

Back

Transformation is the process by which bacterial cells take up foreign genetic material, leading to a change in phenotype.

Front

What happens when mice are injected with dead S bacteria?

Back

The mice remain healthy, indicating that the dead S bacteria do not cause disease.

Front

What is the significance of Griffith's experiment with R and S bacteria?

Back

Griffith's experiment showed that genetic material can be transferred between bacteria, leading to changes in their characteristics.

Front

What are radioactive isotopes used for in genetic experiments?

Back

Radioactive isotopes are used to trace the movement and incorporation of DNA into cells.

Front

What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria?

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Pathogenic bacteria can cause disease, while non-pathogenic bacteria do not cause illness.

Front

What is the function of a protein coat in viruses?

Back

The protein coat protects the viral genetic material and helps the virus attach to and enter host cells.

Front

What is the term for the change in phenotype caused by the uptake of foreign DNA?

Back

The term is transformation.