Biology CB9 Flashcard Plant Cell Structure

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What are Leucoplasts?

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Leucoplasts are organelles in plant cells that do not contain pigments and are primarily found in roots and non-photosynthetic tissues. They are involved in the storage of starches, lipids, and proteins.

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What is the function of Tonoplasts?

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Tonoplasts are the membranes surrounding the central vacuole in plant cells. They do not make or store pigments; instead, they regulate the movement of ions and molecules in and out of the vacuole.

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What is Cell Sap?

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Cell sap is the liquid found in the central vacuole of plant cells. It contains water, nutrients, and waste products, and it helps maintain turgor pressure, which is essential for plant structure.

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What percentage of a plant cell's volume can the central vacuole occupy?

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The central vacuole can occupy as much as 90% of the volume of certain plant cells.

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What role do Microtubules play in plant cells?

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Microtubules guide the formation of the plant cell wall by directing the deposition of cellulose, which is laid down by enzymes to form the primary cell wall.

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What are Chloroplasts?

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Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that contain chlorophyll and are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

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What are Chromoplasts?

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Chromoplasts are a type of plastid that contain pigments, such as carotenoids, which give fruits and flowers their orange and yellow colors.

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What is the primary function of the central vacuole?

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The primary function of the central vacuole is to store nutrients and waste products, maintain turgor pressure, and contribute to cell growth.

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What is the difference between a primary cell wall and a secondary cell wall?

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The primary cell wall is the flexible outer layer formed during cell growth, while the secondary cell wall is a thicker, more rigid layer that forms inside the primary wall after the cell has stopped growing.

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What is the role of enzymes in the formation of the cell wall?

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Enzymes are responsible for synthesizing cellulose and other polysaccharides that make up the plant cell wall, facilitating its growth and structure.