CH. 2 Biochemistry Review

CH. 2 Biochemistry Review

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true?

• Atoms of the same element always have the same mass number.

• Atoms of the same element always have the same atomic number.

• Atoms of the same element always have the same number of electrons.

• Atoms of the same element always have the same number of neutrons.

Multiple Select

Which of the following elements and symbol pairs are correct?

• Mercury - Hg

• Lead - Ld

• Carbon - Ca

• Nitrogen - N

• Arsenic - As

Multiple Select

Which of the following monomer & macromolecule pair is /are correct?

• Nucleotides - Proteins

• Amino acids - Carbohydrates

• Glucose - Nucleic acids

• Nucleotides - DNA

• Amino acids - Proteins

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements is correct? (You can choose more than one, if appropriate!)

• A solution with a pH of 2 is 100 times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 4.

• The pH of a solution is a measure of the hydrogen ions in the solution.

• A solution with a pH of 4 is 20 times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 6.

• Acidic substances have a pH less than 7.

Multiple Select

Which of the following pairs are correct? (More than one can be chosen!)

• Calcium carbonate - CaCO₃

• Methane - CO₂

• Nitrous oxide - NO₂

• Phosphate - PO₄3-

• Nitrate - NO^2-

Multiple Choice

Solar panels only use about 20% of solar energy to create electricity. The remainder of the energy is converted to thermal energy. This is an example of

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

Decomposers are critical to freeing up nutrients for use again in a new producer. This is an example of

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

Energy received by Earth from the sun is converted into a variety of forms, including chemical energy (glucose) and thermal energy (heat). This is an example of

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

The loss of ~90% of energy consumed by an animal to the environment as waste & thermal energy is an example of

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

Solar panels only use about 20% of solar energy to create electricity. The remainder of the energy is converted to thermal energy. This is an example of

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

Carbon atoms will cycle through the atmosphere to living things through photosynthesis & back to the atmosphere through decomposition.

• FIrst Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

As an iceberg melts, the temperature of the water molecules in the ice has increased, but the temperature of the water surrounding the ice has decreased.

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Law of Conservation of Mass

Multiple Choice

§Ice reflects sunlight energy, and ocean water absorbs sunlight energy. As the average temperature of the planet increases, more ice melts. This increases the amount of solar energy absorbed by the planet, which increases the average surface temperature further.

• Positive feedback loop

• Negative feedback loop

Multiple Choice

Increasing surface temperatures increase the rate of evaporation. As evaporation rises, the skies get cloudier (on average). These clouds reflect solar energy back to space that would otherwise be absorbed, which cools the planet.

• Positive feedback loop

• Negative feedback loop

Multiple Choice

Increasing surface temperatures cause semi-frozen soil called permafrost to thaw. The warmer it gets, the more it thaws. This permafrost often contains Methane molecules locked up within its ice in a form known as Methane Clathrates. As the permafrost thaws, these molecules of Methane escape to the atmosphere, where they act as a powerful greenhouse gas.

• Positive feedback loop

• Negative feedback loop

Multiple Choice

An increase in a population of mice results in a subsequent increase in the predator snake populations. Too many snakes will eventually cause the mouse population to decline, likewise causing a decline in the snake population.

• Positive feedback loop

• Negative feedback loop

Multiple Choice

As carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere increase, the temperature of Earth rises. As Earth warms, the rate of photosynthesis can increase, resulting in more carbon dioxide being removed from the atmosphere.

• Positive feedback loop

• Negative feedback loop