Unit 6 Exam Review

Unit 6 Exam Review

Origins of the Universe

The Big Bang Theory

the creation of the universe

The Big Bang: Evidence

• Galaxies are moving away from us

• Cosmic Microwave Background radiation

• The abundance of Helium and Hydrogen in the Universe

Red Shift

• If a star is moving away from us , the light gets stretched out. This makes the light appear more red than it really is.

• If the star is moving TOWARD us, the light gets squeezed and it appears more blue than it really is.

CMB

• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

• Left over ENERGY from the big bang

Hydrogren + Helium

• The Universe is 74% hydrogen and 25% helium.

• Heavier elements make up the other 1%.

Multiple Choice

A model of the universe in which Earth is at the center of the revolving planets and stars.

• Solar System

• Heliocentric

• Geocentric

• Constellations

Multiple Choice

Galaxies that are redshifted are:

• actually blue.
• really far away.
• invisible.
• moving away from us.

Multiple Choice

In red shift, the wavelengths of light become

• Longer

• Shorter

• Bluer

• Slower

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT evidence of the Big Bang Theory?

• CMBR everywhere

• Stars that are blue shifted

• the universe is getting bigger

• abundance of Hydrogen and Helium

Multiple Choice

The universe is expanding! This means that:

• all of the galaxies are spreading out.

• the universe must have started from a single point.

• the universe is cooling down.

• all of the above.

Multiple Choice

The term big bang refers to _______________.

• The origin of the universe

• The ultimate fate of the universe

• A supernova explosion

• The formation of a quasar

Multiple Choice

This is a picture of:

• The CMB.
• The Milky Way.
• The universe in the future.
• A redshifted star.

Multiple Choice

CMB stands for:

• Colorful Mystic Background Rehearsal.
• Cosmic Mini Butterfly Repellent.
• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.
• Cute Microwave Button Reversal.

Multiple Choice

The CMB is:

• the remaining energy from the big bang.
• incredibly hot.
• visible to the human eye.
• only located in certain places in the universe.

Multiple Choice

What do the color changes on the CMBR map represent?

• Density & Temperature Changes
• Light & Distance Changes
• Both Density & Temperature and Light & Distance Changes
• Neither Density & Temperature and Light & Distance Changes

Multiple Choice

How does Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big Band Theory?

• Microwaves are found everywhere in the universe.

• Microwaves occurred at the time of the Big Bang

• Microwaves are useful in our everyday lives

• Only A & B

Multiple Choice

What is the big bang theory?

• A theory that states that the universe started in a large mass and then imploded to form everything.

• A theory that states that the universe was there, will be and is there. Is homogeneous and isotropic.

• A theory that states that the universe is slowly coming back to a center.

• A theory that states that the universe started in a small mass and then expanded, the expansion cooled down the temperature and that resulted in the formation of matter, energy, space and time.

Multiple Choice

What were the original two elements in our universe?

• Hydrogen and Lithium

• Helium and Oxygen

• Helium and Hydrogen

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

How does the abundance of hydrogen and helium support the Big Bang Theory.

• Hydrogen and helium are elements on the Periodic Table

• Hydrogen and helium are in the same ratio throughout the universe.

• Hydrogen and helium have many current uses today

Multiple Choice

The three pieces of evidence for our current theory of the universe are:

• blueshift, CMB, moon landing.
• redshift, IBM, Andromeda galaxy.
• redshift, CMB, distribution of elements.
• doppler effect, light spectra, fusion.

The Life Cycle of a Star

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Life Cycle

• Stars spend most of their lives in main sequence

• Mass determines what happens to a star after main sequence

• High mass stars live fast and die young. Low mass stars live longer and have a slooow burn.

Star Wars!!! Ha!!

• Stars seek equilibrium between the attractive force of gravity and the outward force of fusion

• Stars spend most of their lives fusing hydrogen into helium

• 
  

  
  

H-R Diagram

A way to classify stars based on LUMINOSITY and TEMPERATURE

Multiple Choice

An extremely hot ball of gas with hydrogen fusing into helium is a

• Planet

• Star

• Balance

Multiple Choice

Stars are formed from big clouds of gas and dust is known as:

• dust cloud

• space fog

• neutron clouds

• nebulae

Multiple Choice

True or False: The life of a star is dependent upon the mass of the original star.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

When a nebula condenses and takes on a shape it is called:

• a red supergiant

• a black hole

• a white dwarf

• a protostar

Multiple Choice

When a Red Giant's outer atmosphere drifts away it is now known as:

• planetary cloud

• White dwarf cloud

• planetary nebula

• expanding nebula

Multiple Choice

Our sun is currently in what star stage?

• Protostar

• Nebula

• Main Sequence

• Red Giant

Multiple Choice

When a massive star begins to cool and expand it is known as a:

• Black Dwarf

• Red Giant

• Red Supergiant

• White Dwarf

Multiple Choice

A low mass star ends its life as a 

• Supernova
• Black hole
• White dwarf
• Nebula

Multiple Choice

Low mass stars expand into what after using up the hydrogen in their core

• red giants
• supergiants
• white dwarfs
• protostars

Multiple Choice

In this stage, a star spends most of its life. Hydrogen is fused into helium at a temperature of millions of degrees.

• nebula

• protostar

• main-sequence

• supergiant

Multiple Choice

A star is born when nuclear _________ begins.

• Measuring

• Heating

• Fusion