WWI Wrap-Up

WWI Wrap-Up

1914-1918

Multiple Select

What are the factors that led to the U.S. Joining WWI?

(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

• Sinking of the Lusitanita

• Zimmerman Telegram

• U.S. citizens relentless desire to get involved

U.S. ENTERS THE WAR (1917)

• Joined Allied Forces

• Initially United States involvement was questionable to Europe

U.S. FORCES

• General John J. Pershing kept U.S. forces separate

• Called "Doughboys"

• Took part in many influential battles throughout the war

• Thousands gave their lives

• Gave Allied forces the military advantage

SEGREGATION OF US FORCES

• 400,000 African American served

• Many were drafted

• Others joined in hopes to gain respect and liberation upon return

• Marine Corps excluded African American

• Navy restricted their service to menial roles as cooks and stewards

• Army was racially segregated

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIiPRfjIzdE&t=346s

Video on Harlem Hellfighters

Black men line up to enlist for active service in the 8th Illinois Infantry Regiment (colored), Chicago, IL 1917. The 8th Illinois became part of the 93rd Provisional Division, and the Army re-designated it as the 370th Infantry Regiment

Colored Troops play against their white counterparts in a game of baseball, Hyde Park, London. July 1918.

Women In the War

• On the home front women began taking traditionally male roles (Factories, etc..)

• Throughout the war around 11,000 women enlisted in the navy

• Most worked clerical jobs

PEACE WITHOUT VICTORY

• Woodrow Wilson viewed the war was about peace and freedom

• Proposed Fourteen Points

• Goal to fundamentally change the world by promoting openness, independence, and freedom

• Faced opposition from Henry Lodge

14 POINTS

• Called for Open Diplomacy

• freedom of the seas, free trade, a move toward ending colonialism, and a general reduction of armaments

• National Self-Determination

• League of Nations

Open Ended

List two main points President Wilson proposed in his 14 Points?

PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE

• Wilson faced opposition

• The "Big Four" led discussion

• Treaty of Versailles

• Agreed on League of Nations

Treaty of Versailles

• Held Germany responsible for starting the war

• German lost 13% of it's territory, had massive reparations payments and demilitarization

Open Ended

List two ways the Treaty of Versailles affected Germany?

Multiple Select

What did the treaty of Versailles have in common with 14 points?

• Open Diplomacy

• Self-determination

• League of Nations

• Freedom of seas

INFLUENZA PANDEMIC

• September 1918 a new, more deadly flu began to spread

• Originally bird flu

• Many historians believe the pandemic began in the U.S.

• 50 Million people died

PANDEMIC & THE WAR

• Spain was one of only a few major European countries to remain neutral during World War I

• Spanish media was free to report

• First Reported case in United States

Open Ended

What comparisons can be made between the Pandemic of 1918 and the Coronavirus pandemic now?

OPPOSITION @ HOME

• Woodrow Wilson faced backlash

• American population

• Irreconcilables

• Reservationists

• Eventually voted against joining

AFTERMATH

• 50 million people died from influenza

• 5 million Allied and 8 million Central Power troops died

• Nearly 6.5 million civilians died

• Of the 2 million U.S. soldiers sent to Europe, about 1.4 million served on the front

• More than 50,000 American soldiers lost their lives, and about 230,000 were wounded